ILondon iyisixeko esimangalisayo esinomlando osisityebi, ngaphezu kwekhulu lama-20. Ukuze ujwayelane nazo zonke iindawo kunye nezikhumbuzo zayo, udinga ikhefu elingaphezulu kweyodwa, kwaye unokuqala ngokudumileyo, oqhelekileyo kwizifundo zesiNgesi zesikolo, umzekelo, iWestminster Abbey - eyona nkcubeko kunye nenkolo yonqulo eLondon .
Ngubani owasungula iWestminster Abbey? Inxalenye ethile yembali
Imbali ye-Westminster Abbey yaqala ngo-1065, xa uEdward u-Nqununu wayibeka i-monastery yaseBenedictine kule ndawo. Iyokuqala yayithweswa yinkosi yaseNgilandi uHarold, kodwa kungekudala i-abbey yayitshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo nguWilliam uMnqobi. Kwaye emva kweeminyaka emininzi ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esiye saphila nanamhla saqala - iSt. Peter Cathedral Church eWestminster (oko kanye kanye negama layo elisemthethweni lizwakala), ngoku linikezelwa kwiphalamente. Yakhelwe ngeenkulungwane ezintathu-ukusuka kwi-1245 ukuya ku-1745 iminyaka. Umqalisi wokwakhiwa kwetempile enkulu ye-Westminster Abbey kwisitayela seGothic eyenziwe nguHenry III, owawufuna ukuba kube yimikhosi emisiweyo yeendlalifa zetrone yeNgesi.
Ngeli xesha, umlawuli ngamnye omtsha wayeyicinga ukuba uyayitshintsha into ethile, qedisa ukwakha, wakha kabusha. Ngoko, ngo-1502 i-chapel kaHenry VII yathatha indawo yendlu enkulu. Kwaye kwafika iinqaba zentshona, i-portal esenyakatho kunye ne-facade ephakathi yayivuselelwa kwakhona. Ukuguqulwa kwezinto kuholele ekubeni inyaniso icawa yaguqulwa kwaye yonakaliswa, kwaye i-monastery yachithwa ngokupheleleyo.
Ngethuba lolawulo luka-Queen Elizabeth, wagqiba ekubeni akhethe indawo yokungcwaba yamalungu omndeni wasebukhosini. Kuye kwenziwa okungafunekiyo kubantu abenza igalelo elikhulu ekuphuhliseni isayensi, inkcubeko, kunye nokufaneleka phambi kobuso. Ukungcwatyelwa apha bekubhekwa njengento ehloniphekileyo, ibhaso eliphezulu eliphezulu.
Ngubani ongcwatyelwe eWestminster Abbey?
Kwintsimi ye-abbey kwitrone ekhethekileyo kwakukho imikhosi emisiweyo yokulungiswa kwamakhosi, ephakamileyo kwisihlalo sobukhosi saseNgesi. Ininzi yabo ingcwatywa apha. Kwakhona, uHenry Purcell, uDavid Livingstone, uCharles Darwin, uMichael Faraday, u-Ernest Rutherford nabanye abaninzi bahlonishwa ukuba bafumane indawo yokuhlala yokugqibela kule ndawo yonqulo.
Inomdla ngokukhenketho kubakhenkethi ingcwaba lika-Isaac Newton eWestminster Abbey, ehlotshiswe ngombhalo ongenakukhunjulwa. Indawo engekho ngaphantsi kokungcwaba kweWestminster Abbey - Ingqungquthela yezimbongi. Lapha ulala nomlotha wabalobi abaneziNgesi kunye nabanyongozi: UCharles Dickens, uJeffrey Chaucer, uTomas Hardy, uGurney Irving, uRudyard Kipling, uAlfred Tennyson. Kwakhona kwinqanaba leenombolo zezikhumbuzo kubalobi abangcwatywe kwezinye iindawo: W. Shakespeare, J. Byron, J. Austin, W. Blake, oodade uBronte, uP. Shelley, R. Burns, uL. Caroll njalonjalo.
Iinkcukacha ezinomdla malunga ne-Westminster Abbey
- iyonke kwingingqi ye-abbey kukho malunga nokungcwaba kwama-3000;
- Kwigalari ephakathi kwetempile kukho iimpawu zomsebenzi weNkosi yaseRashiya eyaziwayo uSergei Fedorov;
- kude kube ngephakathi kwekhulu le-14, umnotho welizwe, isithsaba saseBrithani kunye neempahla zendlu yobukhosi zazigcinwa apha;
- inqaba enkulu kunye newashi laseWestminster Abbey libizwa ngokuba yiBig Ben - egameni lensimbi enkulu kunazo zonke;
- Ngo-Apreli 2012, "umtshato wenkulungwane" wadlala kwiindonga zetempile phakathi kukaKate Middleton noPrince William.
Uphi iWestminster Abbey?
I-abbey itholakala kwingxande ye-city-Westminster, ungaya khona nge- metro , emva kokufikelela kwisikhululo se-Westminster.
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