Umhlaza wesifo

Ubuninzi be-noncoprocess kwi-bladder ngenye yezifo eziqhelekileyo kwizitho zangasese. Umhlaza wesibeleko kwisini esibuthakathaka kakhulu kunamaxesha amaninzi angaphantsi kunexesha eliqinileyo. Esi sifo siyabonakala kubantu abaneminyaka ekhulileyo kunye nabadala-ukususela kwiminyaka engama-50 ukuya kuma-80.

Isizathu salesi sifo esiyingozi sizathu sezizathu ezivusayo kwaye zikhawuleze ngokukhawuleza i-carcinogenesis (ukwakheka, ukwahlukana kunye nokuphulwa kohlulo lwe-oncocells) emzimbeni wesigulane. Ukungahambi kwesi sifo esibulalayo kukuba ukubonakaliswa kokuqala komhlaza wesibeleko kubonakala kwiimeko ezizayo, xa inkqubo ihamba kakhulu. Emva koko, siya kuzama ukunyamekela izizathu, ukuxilongwa kunye neinkatho zonyango lomhlaza wesisu.

Umhlaza wesisu - ubangela

Njengoko sithe satshilo, iimeko ezininzi ze-carcinogen ziyaziwa ukuba zikhupha inkqubo yokwakha kunye nokwahlula kwi-oncocells kwi-bladder. Ezi ziquka:

• sebenza kumashishini amonakalo (sebenzisa iilisi ze-aniline kunye nezinto zalo, upende kunye ne-varnish, icandelo lesikhumba kunye ne-rubber);
• ukutshaya;
• ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezine-carcinogen effect (cyclophosphamide);
• ukuvutha rhoqo kwimbumba yangaphakathi ye-bladder (cystitis).

Ukuxilongwa komhlaza wesisu

Ngokuqhelekileyo, izigulane zifuna uncedo kugqirha xa ziqala ukuziva intlungu kwisisu esisezantsi. Isigulana ixesha elide sinokunyamekela iimpawu ezinjengoku: ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza , intlungu ngexesha lokutshatyalaliswa kwesisu, ukuvakalelwa ukuba ungagqithisi ngokupheleleyo umva emva kokucoca. Isigulane kufuneka siqaphele ukucofa umchamo ngegazi, nangona kungekho ntlungu.

Ukususela kwizifundo zeklinikhi kunye neelabhoratri, ukuvavanya umthamo ngokubanzi kubaluleke kakhulu, okukuvumela ukuba ubone i-erythrocyte emcinini (banokuba kuyo nokuba umchamo awuvuki).

Kweendlela ezongezelelweyo zophando, i-ultrasound (ivumela umntu ukuba abone umonakalo emzimbeni wesisu, kodwa engaboni umonakalo entanyeni) ibaluleke kakhulu.

I-Cystoscopy - ngeli xesha i-bladder ijojowe nge-tube optical kwaye ihlola iindonga zesibindi. Ngethuba le nkqubo, i-biopsy yemimandla esolwayo yodonga lwe-bladder ithathwa, ilandelwa yiphononongo yayo.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray kunye nokuqaliswa kohlobo oluhlukileyo kumgca we-bladder kukuvumela ukuba ubone ubukhulu kunye nobukhulu be-tumor.

Amanqanaba omhlaza wesisu

Ukuchonga kwiliphi izinga isifo sifumaneke kubaluleke kakhulu, ekubeni iicac tactics zonyango zixhomekeke kulo. Ezi zigaba ezilandelayo zesikhumba siyaziwa:

• Umhlaza wesibeletho 0 (umonakalo we-mucosal kwi-membrane ye-basal) kwinqanaba lokuqala kunye nokufumana unyango oluchanekileyo ngexesha eliqinisekileyo liqinisekisa ukubuyiswa kwiimeko ezingama-100%;
• kunye nomhlaza wesibonda sesigaba se-1, i-tumor ikhula ibe yindonga yesisu, kodwa ubukhulu besisu buyingcosana;
• Umhlaza wesantya sesigaba sesi-2 ubonakaliswe ubungakanani be-tumor enkulu kunye nokuhluma kweemastastases kwinani le-lymph nodes;
• kwizigaba ezi-3 zeenkqubo ezimbi, i-tumor ikhula ibe ngamalungu asondeleyo;
• Umhlaza wesibindi sesine-4th degree ibonakaliswe kubukho beemitha-zintsi ezininzi kwizitho ezikude.

Umhlaza wesisu - unyango

Xa unyango lwe-bladder pathology elibi, iindlela zokusebenza zonyango kunye ne-conservative (i-chemotherapy kunye neyeza zonyango) ziyahlukahlukana. Enye indlela yokonyango isetyenziswe kakhulu kakhulu (ukuba isigulane siphelile kwaye sinyanzeliswe), ukudibanisa iindlela ezininzi ziqhele ukusetyenziswa. Ukususa inxalenye yesikhumba kwisifo somhlaza kunye kunye ne-chemotherapy iyasebenza kwiimigangatho 1-2 zonyango. Kwinqanaba lesi-3, umbuzo wokuqhuba unyango ugqitywa ngabanye kwiimeko ezithile. I-Chemotherapy yomhlaza wesisu wesigaba sesi-4 ingaqhutyelwa ngokubambisana neyeza zokwelapha imitha (ukuhlinzwa akusebenzi).

Ngaloo ndlela, sasiqwalasela imeko enobungozi kwaye isongela ubomi njengomdlavuza wesisu. Ukunciphisa ingozi yesifo kufuneka kuphephe ukusebenza kumashishini abungozi, ukuyeka imikhwa emibi kwaye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukuthintela i-cystitis.