I-Orchid ithathwa njengentyantyambo enhle kunye neyintle. Ngoko ke, abalimi beentyatyambo abathatha isigqibo sokukhulela ekhaya kufuneka bazi izifo eziphambili ezichaphazela i-orchids, kunye neendlela zokonyango lwabo.
Izimpawu zesifo se-orchid:
- ukuphuka kwamagqabi;
- ukubonakala kwamabala kunye nokubola kwiqabunga;
- ukubola kweengcambu;
- ukulahleka kweqabunga;
- Ukuhluma kwamahlamvu;
- Ukungabikho kokukhula kwamagqabi kunye neengcambu;
- iintyatyambo eziwa.
Izifo ezingenasifo ezikhuselweyo ze-orchids zangaphakathi
Ezi zifo ziquka ezo zifo ezivela kwisityalo ngenxa yokunyanga okungafanelekanga. Uphawu oluphambili lubonakala kwimibala ephuzi okanye ukutywa kwamagqabi ngokupheleleyo.
Izizathu:
- sityalo siqhwaba;
- i-hypothermia ende;
- Ukunisela okungekhoyo okanye okugqithiseleyo;
- ukungabikho kokukhanyisa;
- ukutshisa ilanga;
- ukushisa (ukuqhuma) kwesityalo.
Ukuba indawo yokuphuza i-yellowing yincinci, ngoko ukudala iimeko ezifanelekileyo ze-orchid, kunokunyanga intyatyambo.
Izifo ezitsholongwane ze-orchids kunye nonyango lwabo
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezifo zentsholongwane ze-orchids, eziqhelekileyo yi-viroz. Iimvenge eziphambili zentsholongwane ziyamelana nama-parasites (aphids, spider mites, thrips) kunye nezixhobo ezingcolileyo. Ukusasaza kwisityalo, iintsholongwane zenza utshintsho kwiqhekeza leqabunga, ukukhupha kunye nokuyeka ukukhula kweentyatyambo.
Usuleleke kwintsholongwane, i-orchids, kungcono ukuphosa ngokukhawuleza, ukuze ungaguquli ezinye iintyatyambo. Kwaye ukukhusela i-virosis kunye nezinye izifo zentsholongwane, kufuneka ukhusele ama-orchids kwizinambuzane ezinobungozi kwaye usebenzise kuphela izixhobo ezikhuselekile.
Izifo ze-fungal kunye ne-bacterial of orchids kunye nonyango lwabo
I-Fusarium okanye i-tracheomycosis
Esi sisifo se-vascular fungal, ngenxa yefungus engena kwisityalo ngomhlaba kunye nenxeba, i-clogs i-pores eyona nto, ekhokelela ekugqibeleni jikelele kwezicubu zezityalo.
Unyango: intyatyambo ingasindiswa kuphela kwisigaba sokuqala sesi sifo, xa inxalenye encinci yeengcambu ichaphazelekayo. Ukwenza oku, kuyimfuneko ukuba uhlambe kakuhle iingcambu, uhlalutye iinxalenye ezithelelekileyo, uzinqumle nge-charcoal, i-garlic isisombululo, ungeyiselo yotywala okanye i-cinnamon uze udibanise nesulfure. Yonke ingcambu kufuneka iphathwe nge-fungicides kwaye ifakwe kwisitya esitsha.
Indawo yamaqabunga ebhakethi
Esi sisifo esithile se- phalaenopsis. Amaqabunga kuqala ajika aphuzi, aze abe mnyama, abe nezilonda ezipholileyo kwaye zimanzi zibonakala kuzo.
Unyango: nciphisa iindawo ezichaphazelekayo, unqande amacandelo ngekhabhoni okanye iodode esebenzayo. Ukuba amatsha amatsha engabonakali kwiintsuku ezili-10, eso sifo satshatyalaliswa.
I-Anthracnose, isikhumba se powdery, i-rust
Ezi zezifo eziqhelekileyo zamagqabi ama-orchids, avela ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kwamanzi kumagqabantshintshi kunye nakwimini, ukunyusa okuphezulu kwindawo. Unokuzikhethela ngokuqala ukudala amancinci, kwaye ke amabala amakhulu, enxibe ngeengubo ezahlukeneyo (iipinki, ezimhlophe, eziluhlaza, ezibomvu).
Unyango: iindawo ezichaphazelekayo zamagqabantshintshi ukususa i-fungus, ifafazwe ngombane osebenzayo kwaye uqhutywe yi-Skorom kunye ne-Topsin-M.
Amakhowa amnyama (abamnyama)
Esi sifo sikhula kumaqabunga ama-orchids, ayenamathele ngenxa yokulimala yizinambuzane (i-aphids, i-mealybugs, iinqweba ezimhlophe). Ukubonakala kwebala elimnyama alivumeli ukuba amaqabunga afumane ilanga ngobuninzi, kwaye i ntyatyambo iyancipha.
Unyango: ukuqhuba unyango lwamabala amnyama kumaqabunga ngamalungiselelo kaMikkosan okanye amakhemikhali Ridomil, Topsin-M, Skor.
Rotting
Ezi ziyizona zifo zengcambu ze-orchids, kodwa zinokuchaphazela amaqabunga kunye neentyantyambo.
Ama-Orchids angahlakulela ezi ntlobo zokubola: izimpande, i-grey, i-fusarium, i-black, ibhakteria emdaka. Bonke bahlakulele ngenxa yesondlo esingenakulungelelaniswa kweentyatyambo: ukungalunganga (okuphakamileyo okanye okuphantsi) ukushisa kunye nomswakama.
Unyango:
- Lungisa iqondo elifanelekileyo lokushisa kunye nomswakama egumbini.
- Yenze usebenze:
- kwiingcambu - izihlandlo ezi-3 kwi-0.1% ye-benzalate rhoqo kwiiveki ezimbini;
- xa i-grey - nayiphi na i-fungicide, kodwa ngexesha ngalinye ukutshintsha izidakamizwa;
- Xa iFusarium - kathathu ngosuku, igxila kwisisombululo se-0.2% sesiseko kwiintsuku ezili-10.
- kwiibhakteria ezimnyama kunye ezimdaka - ukunqumla indawo ezimangalisa, ukugubungela ngelahle, ukucoca yonke ingcambu ye- Bordeaux (1%) kunye nokutshintshwa kwitshi ecocekileyo.
Ukuqaphela i-orchid nayiphi na impawu yokugula, kungcono ukuba ufune uncedo ngokukhawuleza kwiingcali.