Ixesha lokusebenza lichaphazela umgangatho wokuphila kwabasebenzi, kuba ubude bexesha lixhomekeke ekubeni umntu aphumle ixesha elingakanani, izinto ezithandwayo kunye nophuhliso lwezenkcubeko. Le ngcamango inemizekelo emininzi exhomekeke kwiinkqubo zeenqobo. Iimiselo zesikhathi sokusebenza zijongwe ngumthetho.
Yintoni e sebenza ixesha?
Enye yeemeko ezibalulekileyo zekhontraki yengqesho isebenza ixesha, ebalulekileyo kubasebenzi kunye nomqeshi. Ngokulinganisela kwawo okulungileyo kunye nokuphumla, unokufikelela kwimveliso ephezulu. Ixesha lo kusebenza lixesha apho umqeshwa, ngokuhambelana nomthetho, kunye nangesivumelwano somsebenzi kunye kunye kunye, ufezekisa imisebenzi yakhe. Isiqhelo saso senziwa ngamaxesha asebenzayo okanye iiveki kwaye asikho ngaphantsi kweeyure eziyi-8.
Yintoni ebandakanyiwe kwiiyure zokusebenza?
Okokuqala, kufuneka kuthathelwe ukuba umthetho wezabasebenzi awunikezeli isiseko somthetho sokuqulunqwa kwexesha lokusebenza, ngoko kumiselwe kwizivumelwano ezihlangeneyo, ngokuqwalasela izenzo ezikhoyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iiyure zokusebenza ziquka iiyure ezisebenzisiweyo ekusebenzeni imisebenzi yokuvelisa, kuquka ukuphumla phakathi kweenguqu kunye neemfuno zakho. Kubalulekile ukwazi oko kungabandakanywa ngexesha lokusebenza:
- Iikhefu zeeyure, ezinikezelwa ngalo lonke usuku lomsebenzi, xa lihlulwe zibe ziinxalenye.
- Isikhathi esichithwa ekuhambeni kwindawo yokuhlala ukuya emsebenzini nasemva, kunye nokulwa neendatshana, ukutshintsha nokubhalisa.
- Abaninzi banomdla wokuba isidlo sasemini sibandakanywa ngexesha lokusebenza, ngoko akafaki uluhlu lweeyure zomsebenzi.
Ezinye izakhono zinemiqondo yazo ekuqaliseni ixesha lokusebenza kwaye kufuneka ziqwalaselwe:
- Ukuba umsebenzi wezenzo uqhutyelwa kwisitrato okanye kwindawo ngaphandle kokufudumeza ebusika, ixesha lekhefu lokufudumala liya kulandelwa.
- Kuquka ixesha lomsebenzi wokulungiselela / ukuvala ixesha kunye neeyure ezichithwe ekukhonzeni indawo yomsebenzi, umzekelo, ukufumana ingubo, izinto, iimpahla kunye njalo njalo.
- Ngexesha leentsuku zokusebenza zabangasebenzi, ababandakanyekayo kwimisebenzi karhulumente ehlawulwayo, ukutyelela kwiziko lokuqeshwa lufakiwe.
- Kuotitshala, ukuhlukana phakathi kwezifundo kuthathwa ingqalelo.
Uhlobo lweeyure zokusebenza
Udidi oluphambili lweentsuku zokusebenza luxhomekeke kwixesha apho umntu echitha kwindawo yakhe yokusebenzela. Ingqiqo kunye neendidi zexesha lokusebenza kufuneka zibhalwa kwiimpawu eziqhelekileyo kwindawo apho umntu esebenza khona. Ukwabela ngokuqhelekileyo, okungazalwanga kunye nexesha elide kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezineempawu zaso, ezibalulekileyo ukuba ziqwalaselwe.
Ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokusebenza
Iintlobo ezinikezelweyo azibandakanyekanga kunye nohlobo lobunikazi kunye nokuqhelaniswa kwentlangano kunye nezomthetho. Iiyure zokusebenza eziqhelekileyo zisesigxina kwaye asikwazi ukudlula iiyure ezingama-40 ngeveki. Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba umsebenzi wexeshana awunakuthathwa nje ngaphandle kwexesha eliqhelekileyo lokusebenza. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba abanye abaqeshi abaqwalasele iiyure zokusebenza ezithengwa ngamaxesha asebenzayo, ngoko le ngongoma kufuneka ixoxwe kwangaphambili ukuze kungabikho iingxaki.
Iiyure ezifutshane zokusebenza
Kukho iindidi ezithile zabantu abangathembela kwiiyure zokusebenza ezincinci ezisungulwe ngumthetho wabasebenzi, kwaye kungaphantsi komsebenzi oqhelekileyo, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo lihlawulwa ngokupheleleyo. Ukungafani nabancinci. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba iiyure ezisebenzayo ziifutshane iintsuku zangaphambi kweeholide, kodwa oku kukukhohlisa. Inkcazo yezo zigaba zenziwe:
- Abasebenzi abangaseneminyaka eyi-16 ubudala bangasebenzisa iiyure ezingama-24 ngeveki.
- Abantu, abaneminyaka eli-16 ukuya kwe-18, abakwazi ukusebenza ngaphezu kweeyure ezingama-35 ngeveki.
- Invalids yeqela lokuqala neyesibini lingabandakanywa emsebenzini ngaphandle kweeyure ezingama-35 ngeveki.
- Abasebenzi abanomsebenzi onobungozi okanye obungozi kwimpilo bangasebenzisa iiyure ezingama-36 ngeveki.
- Ootitshala kumaziko emfundo basebenze ngaphaya kweeyure ezingama-36 ngeveki, kunye nabasebenzi bezonyango - kungekho iiyure ezingama-39.
Ixesha lesahlulo
Njengomphumo wokwenza isivumelwano phakathi kwabasebenzi kunye nomnini, umsebenzi wexeshana ungasungulwa ngexesha lokubekwa okanye ngexesha lomsebenzi, kubalulekile ukuhlula ukusuka kwindlela echithwe ngayo. Iiyure zokusebenza ezingagqibekanga zifutshane neeholide zokusebenza zokusebenza kwiiyure ezichaziweyo zeeyure. Intlawulo ibalwa ngokumalunga nexesha elisebenzayo, okanye kuxhomekeke kwimveliso. Umnini makabeke umsebenzi wesikhathi esithile kwabasetyhini kwimeko kunye nabantwana abaneminyaka engaphantsi kwe-14 okanye abakhubazekile.
Iiyure zokusebenza ebusuku
Ukuba umntu usebenza ebusuku, ubude bexesha lokumisa kufuneka luthathwe ngeyure enye. Kukho iimeko xa ubude bomsebenzi wobusuku bulingana nemisebenzi yosuku, umzekelo, xa kufuneka umveliso oqhubekayo. Qaphela ukuba ubusuku bubhekwa njengexesha ukususela nge-10 ukuya kwe-6 ngomzuzu. Ukuba umntu usebenza ebusuku, ukuhlawulwa kwemisebenzi yakhe kwenziwa kwindleko eyongeziweyo. Isixa akufanele sibe ngaphantsi kwe-20% yomvuzo nganye ngeeyure zobusuku. Iiyure zokusebenza esebusuku azikwazi ukubonelelwa kwiindidi zabantu:
- Abasetyhini kuloo meko, kunye nabantwana abanabantwana abangeneminyaka emithathu ubudala.
- Abantu abangeneminyaka eyi-18 ubudala.
- Ezinye iindidi zabantu abonelelwe ngumthetho.
Iiyure zokusebenza ezingalawulwayo
Eli gama liqondwa njengombuso okhethekileyo osetyenziswe kwiindidi ezithile zabasebenzi xa kwenzeka ukuba akunakwenzeka ukulungelelanisa ixesha lokusebenza kwabasebenzi. Imodi yokusebenza engavumelekanga isetyenziselwa:
- Abantu abanemisebenzi yabo abayiboleki kwixesha elichanekileyo lokurekhoda.
- Abantu abanomsebenzi wabo ubude bahlula kwiindawo ezingapheliyo ngokwemvelo yomsebenzi.
- Abasebenzi abangakwazi ukwabela ixesha ngokwabo.
Amaxesha angaphezulu
Ukuba umntu uqeshwa ixesha elide kunokuba ubude bomhla osebenzayo, ubuya kuthetha ngexesha elingaphezulu kwexesha. Umnini unokusebenzisa le ngcamango yesikhathi sokusebenza kuphela kwiimeko ezizodwa, ezimiselwe ngumthetho:
- Umsebenzi obalulekileyo ukukhusela ilizwe kunye nokukhuselwa kweentlekele zemvelo.
- Xa senza imisebenzi yongxamiseko ehambelana nokubonelelwa kwamanzi, ukunikezela kwegesi, ukufudumezela njalo njalo.
- Ukuba kuyimfuneko, qedela umsebenzi, ukulibaziseka okungakhokelela ekulimaleni kwipropati.
- Ukuqhubeka komsebenzi xa umsebenzi engabonakali kwaye akakwazi ukuyeka.
Amaxesha okusebenza angaphezu kwamaxesha angasetyenziselwa abafazi abakhulelweyo nabasetyhini abanabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emithathu, kunye nabantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-18 ubudala. Umthetho unokubonelela ezinye iindidi, ezingenakubandakanyeka kwimisebenzi engaphezu kwesiqhelo. Ukuhlawulwa kwexesha elingaphezu kwexesha xa kuthengiswa i-accounting accounts iqhutywe kwisixa semali yesigidi seyure okanye ireyiti ephindwe kabini. Ubude bexesha elingaphezu kweeyure alinakuba ngaphezu kwama-4 iiyure ezimbini iintsuku ezilandelelanayo okanye iiyure ezili-120 ngonyaka.