Enye yezinto ezibonakalayo kwisixeko samaGrike sase- Athene yindawo yokudlala yaseDionysus. Yona yeyona midlalo endala kwihlabathi. Iqonga leDionysus eAthene lakhiwa ngekhulu le-6 BC. Kwakunjalo apho i-Athene yaseDeveli eyadumile yayiqhutywe khona - imikhosi ekuzukeleni uDionysus, uthixo wezobugcisa kunye ne-winemaking, ebanjwe kabini ngonyaka. AmaGrike asendulo awakhuphisana nemincintiswano yabadlali, okwenzeka ngokukhawuleza ukuba "yindawo yokuzonwabisa".
Nangona kunjalo, ingcamango yamanje yecaterari ihluke kakhulu kwiGrike yamandulo. Emva koko, i-BC, abaphulaphuli babebukele umdlali omnye kumaski, ebonisa amandla akhe ekuhambeni kweyayiya. Njengomthetho, ngexesha loDionysia, abadlali ababini okanye abathathu banomncintiswano kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Kuphela emva koko, ngokuphuhliswa kobugcisa bezobugcisa, abadlali bayeka ukugqoka iimaski, kwaye abantu abaninzi baqala ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo ngokukhawuleza.
Kamva kwimboniso yeDionysus eAthene kwiSophocles, i-Euripides, i-Aeschylus kunye nezinye izinto zokudlala zangaphambili ezazisetyenziswa.
Izixhobo zakhiwo zasendulo ze-Athene yeTheatre Dionysus
Kukho imidlalo yeDionysos kwicala lempuma-mpuma ye-Athene yase-Acropolis.
Kwimihla yamandulo indawo yomdlalo yayibizwa ngokuba yi-orchestra. Ukusuka kwindibano eyayihlukaniswa ngumququzeleli wamanzi kunye negalelo elibanzi. Ngaphaya kwe-orhestra kwakukho i-schema-isakhiwo apho abadlali babeziguqula khona baze balinde ukungena kwesigaba. Iindonga ze-orchestra zazihlotshiswe nge-bas-reliefs ebomini bezithixo zakudala baseGrisi, ngokukodwa, uDionysus ngokwakhe, kwaye le mi sebenzi yobugcisa iye yagcinwa kwinqanaba langoku.
Isici esibonisa umdlalo weDionysus kukuba akanalo uphahla kwaye siphezu kwezulu elivulekileyo. Yenziwe ngendlela ye-amphitheatre yama-67 imigqa, ehlelwe ngendlela ye-semicircle. Lo mlingiswa wesakhiwo senziwa ngenxa yendawo enkulu yebala le midlalo, kuba yayilungiselelwe ababukeli abayizigidi ezili-17. Ngelo xesha, kwakuninzi kakhulu, kuba inani lama-Athene laliphindwe kabini-malunga nabantu abangamawaka ama-35. Ngenxa yoko, isibini umhlali waseAthene angaya kwi-intsebenzo.
Ekuqaleni, izihlalo zabalandeli beemiboniso zenziwe ngamaplanga, kodwa ngo-325 BC zatshintshwa ngamarabula. Siyabulela oku, ezinye izihlalo zigcinwe kuze kube namhlanje. Ziphantsi kakhulu (kuphela malunga ne-40 cm ubude), ngoko ababukeli babefanele bahlale kwiikhampasi.
Kwaye kwiindwendwe ezihlonelwe kakhulu kwiDionysus Theater kwiGrisi yaMandulo, izihlalo zelitye lomqolo wokuqala zichongiwe-oku kuboniswa yimibhalo ebhalwe ngokucacileyo kubo (umzekelo, izihlalo zababusi bamaRoma baseNero no-Adrian).
Ngethuba lokuqala kwexesha lethu, ngenkulungwane yokuqala, le midlalo yabuyelwa kwakhona, ngeli xesha ngaphantsi kwemibhikano ye-gladiatorial kunye nezenzo zeesksi. Emva koko phakathi komgca wokuqala kunye ne-arna kwakha umda ophezulu wensimbi kunye ne-marble, eyenzelwe ukukhusela ababukeli bebathathi-nxaxheba kwimisebenzi enjalo.
I-Ancient Greek Greek Theatre kaDionysus namhlanje
Njengomnye wezakhiwo zamandulo zenkcubeko enjalo, i-Dionysus Theatre e-Athene iyaxhomekeka ekubuyiselweni. Namhlanje, lo xanduva lombutho ongekho ngenzuzo i-Diazoma. Umsebenzi uxhaswa ngemali kwi-budget yeGrike, ngokuyinxalenye kwiimali zothando eziphakanyisiweyo. Oku kuya kuchitha malunga ne-6 billion ye-euro. Umvuseleli oyintloko ngumakhi waseGrike uConstantinos Boletis, kwaye umsebenzi ngokwawo uceba ukugqitywa ngo-2015.
Nantsi isicwangciso sokubuyiselwa kwesiganeko esidumile sesakhiwo kunye nobugcisa:
- meleza iindonga zesakhiwo;
- ukubuyisela izihlalo ezidala kwaye ungeze amanani amaninzi amatsha;
- kubuyisela izinto ezihlobisayo ezihlobisa iindonga kunye namacala omdlalo.
Iqonga leDionysus eGrisi liyikhumbuzo kwihlabathi lonke lobugcisa. Xa uhlala e-Athene, qiniseka ukutyelela i-Acropolis yakudala ukuhlawula umvuzo kule ndawo.