Iqela legazi legazi

Luhlobo luni lwegazi umntwana azuzuza kubazali? Oku akusiyo inzuzo engenzi lutho, kodwa kunoko ulwazi olubalulekileyo. Emva koko, iqela legazi luhlobo lwesibonakaliso somuntu. Kodwa, xa kuziwa kumntwana ongakazalwa, sinokuthetha kuphela ngamathuba kunye neepesenti.

Ndiyazi njani uhlobo lwegazi lomntwana?

UMnu Landsteiner, ososayensi oye wafunda isakhiwo seeseli ezibomvu, ulungele ukubeka ukuba umntu ngamnye kwi-membrane ye-erythrocyte kukho okubizwa ngokuba ngama-antigens: nokuba yi-antigen yohlobo A (iqela II legazi) okanye i-antigen yohlobo B (iqela III legazi). Emva koko i-Landsteiner yafumana iiseli apho ezi i-antigen zingekho (iqela lam igazi). Emva koko abalandeli bakhe bathola iiselom zegazi ezibomvu apho ama-A kunye neB markers (iqela legazi le-IV) bekhona. Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zolu cwaningo, inkqubo ye-ABO yasungulwa kwaye imithetho eyisiseko yelifa legazi, kunye nezinye iimpawu ezivela kubazali kubantwana, zenziwe.

Njengomthetho, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufunde iqela legazi lomntwana ngokuchanekileyo ngokupheleleyo emva kokuzalwa kunye nokuhanjiswa kohlalutyo oluhambelanayo. Kodwa, ekubeni le nkqubo yelifa ilawulwa phantsi kwimithetho esele yaziwa, nangaphambi kokubonakala komntwana, kunokwenzeka ukwenza izicamango ezisekelwe kakuhle.

Ngoko, indlela yokuchonga uhlobo lwegazi lomntwana? Idibeneyo inokuthi:

1. Abazali abangenawo ama-antigen, oko kukuthi, oomama kunye nobawo kunye neqela legazi mna, ngokuqinisekileyo baya kuvelisa umntwana kunye neqela legazi kuphela.
2. Kwiqabane elitshatileyo kunye neqela legazi le-I neli-II, amathuba okubeletha ngokuxhamla kunye namaqela egazi le-I kunye nama-II afana okufanayo. Imeko efanayo ifana phakathi kwabatshati kunye namaqela I no-III.
3. Njengomthetho, akulula ukumisela kwangaphambili uhlobo lwegazi lomntwana, omnye wabazali bakhe umphathiswa wee-antigens zombini. Kule meko, kuphela iqela legazi lam liyakucinywa.
4. Nangona kunjalo, isibini esingaqinisekanga sisabonwa njengendoda nomfazi eneqela legazi le-III kunye ne-II - iintsana zabo zingalidla ilifa.

Ngoko, sifunde ukuba iqela labo igazi lidluliselwa kumntwana, okanye, ngokuchanekileyo, baqonda imigaqo-siseko yale mihlanganiselo elula yofuzo. Ngoku ke makhe sithethe ngeRhesus factor, ezuze njengefa eliphambili. I-Rhesus engavumelekanga, indlalifa inokuhlala kuphela kwintsapho, apho abazali bobabini "bengenanto." Kwimitshato "efanelekileyo" ukuba nomntwana ongekho uRh unama-25%. Kwezinye iimeko, isiphumo sinokuba nayiphi na.