Isizwe ngasinye sinemibhiyozo ekhethekileyo elandelwe ukulungiswa ngokucophelela kunye nemibhiyozo enkulu. AmaYuda abuye neeholide lawo, ebizwa ngokuthi "iPurim." Imbali yeeholide yasePurim ibuyela kwixesha elide elide, xa amaYuda ayasabalalisa ngaphaya kobukhosi basePersi, esasuka e-Ethiopia ukuya eNdiya .
Iyintoni iholide yamaYuda kaPurimi eyazinikezelwa?
Imbali yePurim ichazwe kwiNcwadi kaEstere, apho amaYuda abiza umqulu kaMegillat uEstere. Iinyani ezichazwe kule ncwadi zenzeka phantsi kolawulo lukaKumkani uAhaswerosi, owawubusa iPersi ukusuka ku-486 ukuya ku-465 BC. Uthe ukumkani wanquma ukuba nomthendeleko kwinqununu yaseburhulumenteni yaseSuzan, apho wayefuna ukubonisa ubuhle bomfazi wakhe othandekayo, uTarina Vashti. Umfazi akazange avume ukuya kwiindwendwe ezimenywe, okwakumcaphukisa uAhashshosh.
Emva koko, ekugqibeleni kwakhe, amantombazana asemgangathweni asePersia ayiswa ebudongeni, yaye abaninzi babethanda intombazana engumJuda ogama linguEstere. Ngaloo xesha wayeyinkedama waza wakhula endlwini kaMordekayi umntakwabo. Uthe ukumkani wenza isigqibo sokuba enze uEstere umfazi wakhe omtsha, kodwa intombazana ayizange ixelele indoda yakhe ngeengcambu zakhe zamaYuda. Ngelo xesha i-tsar yayilungisa umzamo kwaye uMordekayi wakwazi ukumxwayisa u-Ahashverosh ngokusebenzisa udade wakhe, kunokuba yena wamlondoloza.
Emva kwexesha, ukumkani wenza onke amaYuda kaHaman umcebisi wakhe kwiintshaba. Ngaphambi kwakhe, ukwesaba, bonke abemi bombuso baqubuda intloko, ngaphandle kukaMordekayi. UHamani wenza isigqibo sokuphindiselela kuye kunye nabantu bonke abangamaYuda, kwaye, ngokusebenzisa inzondo nokukhohlisa, wathabatha ku-ukumkani umyalelo wokutshabalalisa bonke abaPersi abaneengcambu zamaYuda. Ngamaqashiso, oku kwakuza kwenzeka ngomhla we-13 wenyanga ka-Adar. Emva koko uMarhodei wabika lo udadewabo, ngubani na ocele ukumkani ukuba akhusele onke amaYuda, kuba yena ngokwakhe uyingxenye yabantu. Inkosi enomsindo iyala uHamani ukuba abulawe kwaye asayine umyalelo omtsha ngokubhekiselele kuwo ukuba amanani amanani ama-13 ahlala ebukumkanini bamaYuda angabhubhisa bonke ababazondayo, kodwa abaqhipanga ukubaphanga ekhaya. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abangaphezu kwama-75,000, kuquka nabantwana abalishumi bakaHamani, babhujiswa.
Emva kokunqoba, amaYuda ayegubha inkululeko yabo yemilingo, kunye noMarhodaya waba ngumcebisi oyintloko ku kumkani. Ukususela ngoko, i-Purim yamaYuda iye yaba yimbhiyozo ebonisa ukusindiswa kwamaYuda onke ekufeni nasekuhlazeni.
Iithethe zeholide yasePurim
Namhlanje, i-Purim yinto ekhethekileyo kubantu bonke abangamaYuda, kwaye imibhiyozo yayo inhlonipho yenzeka kwimeko yokuzonwabisa kwaye ilula. Imihla esemthethweni yemibhiyozo i-14 ne-15 Adar. Imihla ayigxininisi kwaye iyatshintsha minyaka yonke. Ngoko, ngo-2013 iPurim yagujwa ngoFebruwari 23-24, kwaye ngo-2014 ngoMatshi 15-16.
Ngomhla xa iPurim ibhiyozelwa kuyisiko ukwenza oku kulandelayo:
- Ukufunda imiqulu . Ngethuba lokuthandaza kwintlanganiso yesinagogi, abafundi bafundela imiqulu evela encwadini kaEstere. Ngeli xesha, abo balapho baqala ukubetha, ukubethela ikhwelo ukwenza ingxolo kunye nezixhobo ezikhethekileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, bavakalisa ukugxekwa imemori yeemimiselo ezimbi. Rabi, nangona kunjalo, udla ngokuchasene nokuziphatha okunjalo kwindlu yesikhungu.
- Isidlo esisisidlo . Kuqhelekileyo ukusela iwayini elininzi ngeli mini. Ngokomxholo oyintloko wenkolo yobuYuda, kufuneka uphuze uze uyeke ukuhlukanisa,
ingaba uthe iintsikelelo kuMordekayi okanye uqalekise uHamani. Ngeholide, ii-biscuits nazo ziyabhaka ngolu hlobo "unxantathu" ngokuzaliswa kwejam okanye ipoppy. - Izipho . Ngomhla wePurimi kuyinto yesiko ukunika isonka esiphumileyo kwiintsapho kwaye unike izipho kubaswele.
- Carnival . Ngethuba lokutya, amancinci amancinci asekelwe kwiimbali zencwadi kaEstere. Kwi-Purim kuyisiko ukugqoka kwiingubo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye amadoda angabhinqa iimpahla zowesifazane kunye nakwezinye izinto. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, ezinjalo izenzo ziyanqatshelwe ngokusemthethweni umthetho wamaYuda.