Ukwandisa i-turkeys enamandla kunye nempilo, ukuzalisa, ukugcinwa, ukunakekelwa ekhaya kufuneka kuqhutywe ngokwemiqathango ethile. Kubalulekile ukukhetha iintlobo ezilungileyo ukuze iintaka zikhule ngexesha elifutshane. Akunangqiqo ukwazi ngezifo eziphambili.
Okuqulethwe yi-turkeys ekhaya kubaqalayo
Ukuba iintaka azigugu, xa zilungele indawo yokuhlala, iimfuno ezithile kufuneka ziqwalaselwe:
- Iimpawu ezizodwa zokukhula kwee-turkeys zifuna ukugcina ubushushu kwizinga elithile, ngoko, akufanele lihle phantsi kwe-10 ° C. Ukuba kubanda, imfuyo iya kuqala.
- Ehlotyeni kwindawo apho iintaka zigcinwa khona, akufanele zitshise kakhulu. Ukuba akukho mpahla efanelekileyo, ingozi yesifo iya kwanda.
- Ukuze ulondoloze kakuhle, nceda uqaphele ukuba umswakama awufanele udlule kwi-70% kwaye ube ngaphantsi kwama-65%.
- Ukunyamekela kubandakanya ukumisela ukukhanya okubonakalayo kwisigqi semfuyo. Iibane kufuneka zitshise iiyure eziyi-14.
Iintlobo ze-turkeys zokuzalisa ekhaya
Kubalulekile ukukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lweentaka, kuba isantya sokukhula sincike kuyo. Iintlobo ezinobungqingili bezibonakaliswe ezilungileyo. Iintlobo ezidumileyo ze-turkeys zokuzaliswa kwekhaya:
- Ubhontshi obubanzi. Kulo kudlelo, olo hlobo aluyi kukhula, njengoko luzalwe ngamagumbi kunye neenkukhu. Ibhinqa likhula libe yi-7-9 kg, kunye neendoda - 9-15 kg. Ngonyaka uzaliso luvelisa amaqanda angama-120.
- Ibhondi yaseNyakatho yaseCaucasia. Ulungelelanisa ukutya okuluhlaza. Iibhinqa zikhula zibe yi-7 kg, kunye namadoda - ukuya kwi-14 kg. Kulo xesha unako ukufumana amaqanda angama-80.
- Ubanzi obanzi. Uhlobo lweemeko zasekhaya lunezibonakaliso ezilungileyo zenyama, ngoko, amadoda angakhula ukuya kuma-25 kg, kunye nabesifazane-ukuya kwi-10 kg. Ukugcinwa kweentaka akunzima, njengoko zivumelanisa kakuhle kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Unyaka unika amaqanda angama-120.
- Umnqamlezo we-BIG-6. Ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye kunika inyama eninzi yekhwalithi ephakamileyo, ngoko-ke amadoda aya kufikelela kuma-25 kg, nakwabasetyhini-ukuya kwi-11 kg. Ukuzala kulukhuni ngento yokuba kuya kufuneka kuveliswe ukuchithwa kwempahla.
Kukuphi ukukhula kwama-turkeys?
Ukuzalisa kwangaphambili, unakekele umbutho weemeko ezifanelekileyo zomxholo. Iimeko zokuzalisa i-turkey zifuna indawo yokusebenza ngokomzimba. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iikhoji zakhiwe kule njongo yehlobo. Ukuze iintaka zingabhabhi, zifuna ukuphanga amaphiko azo. Intaka okanye amacwecwe kufuneka abe kwindawo elithulekileyo ukuze izandi ezingaqhelekanga zingaphazanyanga neengqungquthela. Xa uhamba, kubalulekile ukunyamekela ukudala umthunzi wokufakelwa ngokufaka i-canopy.
Iziqulatho zezilwanyana ze-turkeys
Ukusetyenziswa kweeseli ezizalisayo kunceda ukugcina, kuba akukho mfuneko yokubeka i-litter, ngaphezu koko, olu khetho lwandisa ukukhula kwenyama kwaye lunceda ukulinganisa ukusetyenziswa kwegumbi. Ukuhlakulela i-turkeys kwiiseli kubonisa le miba elandelayo:
- Amadoda ayagcinwa kwiziqhekeza ngomnye, njengoko oku kuya kukwandisa ukuzala kwabo kunye nokunciphisa ingozi yokulimala. Kucetyiswa ukuba ungagcini ngaphezu kwabantu ababini kwinqaba.
- Gcina iintaka kufuneka zibe nezakhiwo ezimbini, njengoko zikulungele ukugcinwa.
- Ukuze kungabikho ukukhathazeka ngamathambo, ukuzalisa, ukugcinwa, ukunakekelwa kwekhaya kuthetha ukushisa, ukukhanyisa, amatanki okutya kunye namanzi emagumbini. Eyona ndlela ikhethekileyo kubaphuzayo i-micro-caterers, kuba iyona efanelekileyo kakhulu.
- Izixhobo zamathambo ze-turkeys aziqhelwanga, ngoko ke zenziwa ngokuzimela.
- Ubuninzi beefestile ezidumileyo: ubude - 1 m, ububanzi - 50 cm kunye nobude - 45 cm.
Izakhiwo zokugcina ii-turkeys
Inyoni yokuzalisa ekhaya kufuneka ibe yinto elula kwaye ivulekile, ngoko enye intaka kufuneka ibe ne-1.5-2 m 2 ubuncinci. Isiseko se-turkeys kufuneka silungelelanise ingqalelo ezi zinto:
- Ukuqinisekisa ukukhanya okwaneleyo kumitha nganye yesikwele kufuneka kube namandla angama-5 watts.
- Indlu kufuneka ifudumele kwaye ifumaneke umoya.
- Iifisi zifakwa kwindawo ephakamileyo ye-50-70 cm ukusuka kumgangatho. Ubude bufanele kubalwe kwisitokisi, ngoko intloko nganye kufuneka ibe ne-50 cm.
- Ukuhlala ubomi obuhle, ukuzalisa, ukugcinwa, ukunyamekela ekhaya, kuthetha ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi obukhulu. Ngenxa yoko, unokukhetha i-sawdust, utshani okanye udaka oludala.
- Kwiindawo ezimnyama, faka izitya zokubeka iinkukhu. Esinye isidleke kufuneka senzelwe iintaka ezintlanu.
- Ukongeza, ukunyamekela, kufuneka ubeke kwibhotile yokuhlamba yokuhlamba, uzalise nge-ash kunye nesihlabathi. Qinisekisa ukuba ufake ii-feeders kunye nabaphuza.
Unokunyamekela njani i-turkeys?
Iingxaki eziphambili ekukhuleni zivela xa kuqwalasela abatsha:
- Gcina iintshontsho kwindawo eyomileyo nefudumeleyo. Ukukhanyisa kufuneka kujikeleze iwashi, kwaye ubushushu buphantse ku-36 ° C.
- Ukunyamekela i-turkeys kuthetha ukutya ukuya kumaxesha asibhozo ngosuku. Ukusebenzisa okokuqala umquba owomileyo odibene neqanda elibilisiweyo. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ungangena kwimenyu ekhethiweyo yemifino.
- Ukutya kubalulekile de kube ngamahlanu ngosuku.
Ukutya ama-turkeys ekhaya
Ukutya kweentaka kufuneka kukhethwe ngokuxhomekeke kwinjongo yokulima, umzekelo, ukuba i-turkeys iya ekuxhelweni, ke ubanike ingqolowa eninzi kwaye ingakumbi ingqolowa. Ukuze wenze inyama yenyama, imenyu kufuneka ibe nemifuno kunye nemifino. Ukuba ufuna amaqanda, ngoko kutya kufuneka kufake ezininzi iivithamini kunye neemaminerali. Ukubunjwa kokutya kwama-turkeys kubandakanya:
- ifowuni exubekileyo kunye namavithamini, iiprotheni kunye namaprotheni;
- ihlume ii-oats ;
- ii-turnips eziphekiweyo, izaqathe kunye namazambane;
- ngqolowa;
- nettle, dandelion, clover kunye neminye imifino;
- inkuni, iklabishi enetyuwa kunye nemifudlana evela kwamasebe - ebusika.
Indlela yokutya ama-turkeys ukukhula ngokukhawuleza?
Imigaqo yokunyamekela ibonisa ukuba ukufumana ubunzima obunzima, ukondla kwenziwa okungenani kane ngosuku. Imenyu kufuneka iqule izitya ezimanzi kunye nezityalo eziluhlaza. Ukutya kwee-turkeys kufanele kubandakanye iimveliso ezinjalo, ukunika ukwanda okukhulu kwindleko ephilayo: iimveliso zobisi, amaqanda, i-curds, ukutya kwesonka kunye nengqolowa okanye i-oatmeal. Ngomhla intaka idla malunga ne-80 g yefowuni edibeneyo.
| Ukutya (iminyaka yeentaka) | Yaytsenoskost kwinyanga, iinqununu. | ||||
| 0 - 3 inyanga. | Iinyanga ezintandathu | Iinyanga ezili-9 | Ezili-15 inyanga | Kwiinyanga ezili-18 | |
| Ukuhlwayela okusanhlamvu | 90 | 96 | 105 | 115 | 120 |
| Umqolo wegrosi | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 |
| Cottage Cheese | 3 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 10 |
| Inyama okanye inkunkuma yentlanzi | 1 | 5 | Wesi-7 | 14 | 16 |
| Hay (umgubo wemifuno) | 30 | 30 | 30 | 40 | 50 |
| Iipiletyi ziphekwe | 150 | 150 | 150 | 130 | 120 |
| Iikaroti, imifuno emitsha | 40 | 50 | 50 | 60 | 80 |
| I-Shell, isiko | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | Wesi-7 |
| Isidlo seThambo | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| Ityuwa yetyuwa | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Iyonke | 351 | 374 | 386 | 409 | 437 |
Iimeko zokugcina ii-turkeys ebusika
Ukuze uzalise ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha lokubanda, kufuneka uqwalasele iimfuno ezi:
- Izinyoni azinqweneli ukungcoliswa kwamanzi kunye nemifanekiso, ngoko busika, qaphela ukuba azinjalo.
- Umxholo wobusika we-turkeys udinga ukugcinwa kolawulo olumgangatho ofanelekileyo, ukwenzela ukuba izilwanyana ezincinci kubalulekile ukuba ubuncinci beeyure ezingama-5 zilula, kwaye abantu abadala, kuthatha iiyure ezili-14.
- Ngokumalunga nolwazi olukhoyo, ama-turkeys angaphila amaqabunga amancinci (ngaphakathi kwi -5 ° C), kodwa kungekhona ixesha elide.
- Qaphela ukuba kunye nokugcinwa komgangatho, iintaka zinokuqhayisa iinyawo zazo, ngoko qi ni sekisa ukusebenzisa i-litter. Ukufakela phantsi umgangatho, i-peat cover, i-straw okanye i-chips ifanelekile. Sitshintsha ilitha kufuneka libe likhulu kwiiveki ezimbini.
- Ukondla ebusika kuya kuqiniswa, ukuze imfuyo ifumane amandla afunekayo. Unokongeza amakhowe omisiwe, amakhowe kunye nezilingo zepine. Yongeza isikhonkco esincinci, ii-cockleshell ezichotshoziweyo kunye nezinye izithako kwi-feeder.
- Kwiimpilo, ama-turkeys adinga i- vitamin D , ngoko ke, okanye kwiintsuku ezingenasantyambo, ukukhulula imfuyo esitratweni, okanye ukunika ioli yeentlanzi.
Izifo zeentlanzi
Ukuba ufuna ukuzalisa iintaka, ngoko kufuneka ukwazi ngezifo ze-turkeys, iimpawu, unyango kunye nokukhusela. Izifo eziyingozi kakhulu zezilwanyana eziselula zi:
- I-kholera yintsholongwane ekhuselekileyo yingozi yokuphila. Ukuthintela, kubalulekile ukuba ube nomxholo ochanekileyo kwaye uhambelane nemimiselo yongcolileyo, kunye nokukhubazeka rhoqo.
- I-Paratyphus kwiinyanga zokuqala zobomi inokuchaphazela ama-chicks, kwaye iimpawu ziquka ukunyusa kwamanzi, ukungabi nxilweni kunye nomsebenzi omncinci. Ukugcinwa kwesondlo kwiselo kufaka "Furazolidon" okanye "Biomitsin".
- Sinusitis esithatheleneyo. Esi sifo sibonakala ngokuvuvukala nokubuyiselwa kweso kunye nezono zesisu. Kuba unyango lwe-turkeys, dilution, ukulondolozwa nokunyamekela ekhaya lithetha ukusetyenziswa kwe "furazolidone".
- Coccid. Xa kuzaliswa ama-turkeys, ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliswa: amaphiko ahlambulukileyo, ukungavumi kokutya, iimeko ezilukhuni kunye nesitulo esikhuseleyo ngegazi. Ngonyango, "Koktsidiovit" kunye ne "Amprolium" zifanelekile.
- Conjunctivitis. Misela isifo sobomvu kwamehlo. Ukulondolozwa kokukhusela kugcina iintaka kwiimpawu, zigcine ekugcinweni kwimodi yokushisa, ukucoceka kunye neminye imithetho yokushiya.
Kunokuba uphuze ama-turkeys?
Ngenxa yobugqwetha, kunokwenzeka ukwandisa izinga lokusinda kweenkukhu ngo-60-65%, ukuqinisa imo-mzimba, ukwandisa ukukhula, ukondla kunye nokusebenza kweenkukhu. Iziyobisi ezincedisayo zilawulwa kwiintsuku zokuqala zobomi. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba wenzeni ngee-turkeys:
- Amaminerari kunye neivitamin complexes. Ziyimfuneko ekukhuleni nasekukhuseleni. Inkqubo yokwamkelwa malunga neveki.
- Amayeza anqanda ukuphuhliswa kwe-microflora ye-pathogenic. Banciphisa umngcipheko wokugula okukhulu. Kubalulekile ukunika i-antibiotics ngokwecandelo elithile, ukuze kungabangeli i-bacteriosis.
- Immunomodulators. Izithintelo zomzimba zanda kwaye zinceda ukukhulisa imfuyo enamandla.
- Probiotics. Izidakamizwa ziyimfuneko ukwenzela ukukhusela i-antibiotics ekubangeleni i-dysbacteriosis. Benza ngcono ukugaya.