Ukucacisa iinkqubo ezenzeka kwindawo yezoqoqosho, kukho imigaqo nemigangatho emininzi. Enye yezona zinto ziphambili kukulingana kwemarike yokubonelela kunye nokufuna - imeko ehambelanayo eyanelisa amaqela athethayo. Le ngcamango inexabiso elisebenzayo, evumela ukuvelisa ulawulo olufanelekileyo lwentsebenziswano.
Yintoni ukulingana kwemarike?
Inkqubo yezoqoqosho iyakubonwa kwimeko yeyona nto ibhetele kakhulu. Ukulingana kwemakethe yindawo efanelekileyo ngokulinganayo engadingi ukulungiswa. Abathengi banelisekile ngomgangatho wemveliso kunye nexabiso layo, kwaye abathengisi abazami ukuphucula amaxabiso, ngokudala ukwenza ilahleko kwaye bahluke iimpawu zomkhiqizo ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso.
Ukulingana kwezoqoqosho
Amandla okuthenga kunye neziphumo zihlala ziqhagamshelana. Ukulingana kwemarike kwimeko yezoqoqosho kubambiswano olufanelekileyo kwizikhundla zombini. Hlaziya iziganeko ezinjalo usebenzisa ukufanisa okubonisa ukuqina okanye okunamandla. Kwindlela yokuqala, ukulingana kwemarike kuhlolwa ngethuba elithile, kwaye ukhetho lwesibini lujoliswe ekufundeni utshintsho lweparitha nganye ngexesha.
Imisebenzi yokulingana kwemarike
Ukubonakala kwimeko kuqhutywa ngokucwangcisa iigrafu ezibonisa ubungakanani bobonelelo kunye neemfuno. Ngoncedo lwabo, umntu unokubona ukuphulwa kwe-market equilibrium kunye nokufumana izizathu zayo. Uphawu oluphambili kwinqanaba lokulinganisela lixabiso, elinemisebenzi emininzi.
- Ukulinganisa . Unceda ukuqonda ukubaluleka kweempahla.
- Ukulinganisa . Kubalulekile ukuthelekisa ixabiso lempahla eyahlukeneyo kunye neenkonzo.
- Ulwazi . Ibonisa iimfuno, ukusilela, ukugqithisa.
- Ukulinganisa . Ikuvumela ukuba ufumane ukulinganisela phakathi kokunikezelwa kunye neemfuno ngaphandle kokungabikho kwemali okanye intsalelo.
- Isikhokelo . Unika umqondiso malunga nokuguqulwa kweemfuno, apho abavelisi kufuneka baphendule ukuze balondoloze ukulingana kwemarike.
- Khuthaza . Umthengisi uzama ukunciphisa iindleko zokufumana inzuzo enkulu, kunye nabanikazi bamacandelo ukukhangela iindawo ezinenzuzo kakhulu, ngenxa yoko, izinto zokuvelisa zihanjiswa ngokulinganayo. Abathengi bafuna ixabiso eliphantsi, bezama ukuchitha imali yabo ngokufanelekileyo.
- Akhawunti . Ibonisa indleko yokuvelisa umveliso.
- Zo qoqosho . Isetshenziselwa ukuthengiselana kunye nokuhlala phakathi kwamazwe.
- Ukusasazwa . Ubonisa ukufakwa kweengeniso, izibonelelo kunye neempahla.
Yintoni ibinzana lentengiso?
Umsebenzi wokuhlalutya ekuhloliseni ukunyuka kweemarike kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa amafomula nokubonakalisa imbonakalo yombuso ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukujonga okubonakalayo utshintsho olwenzekile. Iiparitha eziphambili ze-market equilibrium:
- zicelo;
- nesiphakamiso;
- xabiso.
Iintlobo zokulingana kwemarike
Abaphandi basebenzisa iindlela ezimbini zokuvavanya ukulingana kwemakethe.
- Indlela kaWalras . Kubonisa ukusebenzisana phakathi kwabadayisi nabathengi kwiimeko zokukhuphisana kwamahhala. Xa ukuhamba kwamanani ukusuka kwisenzo sokulingana kwamanye amaqela kunceda ukuyibuyisela kwizinga elifunekayo. Xa ulahleko lusebenza, abathengi, ngokugqitha-abavelisi.
- I-Marshall Market Equilibrium Model . Ifumanisa inkcazo yexesha elide. Ukuthembela kwenziwa kwiphakamiso, ukuba akuphelelanga, ngoko umenzi uthatha amanyathelo, egxininise kwisixa umthengi ulungele ukunika. Kulo ndlela, indlela yokulingana kwemarike ilandelwa kuphela ngabathengisi.
Ukulingana kwemarike kunye nokusebenza kweendleko
Enye yezona nxalenye ezithandekayo zezoqoqosho zezoqoqosho zinikezelwa kwiingxaki zokulingana, ezinokuthi zibe yingxenye kunye jikelele. Kwimeko yokuqala sithetha ngeemarike ezahlukileyo, ngaphandle kokuqwalasela impembelelo yenguqu yenguqu kwicandelo elinye kumacandelo omakhelwane, oko kukuthi, impembelelo yengxelo. Ngokulinganisela okuqhelekileyo, ukudibanisa okufutshane kwamanani kwiiplani ezahlukeneyo kubonwa, apho ngasinye isifundo sinokufumana uninzi kwimigudu yakhe.
Ukulingana kwemarike kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kuhambelana, kuba phambi kobhalansi ophezulu, izibonelelo zihanjiswa kakuhle. Abavelisi bawasebenzisa ngenzuzo enkulu, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa "iteknoloji" engcolileyo. Ngokusebenza kweemveliso zentengiso, akukho ndlela entsha yokudala iimpahla kunye nerhwebo ayiyi kunika ukwandisa kwimpumelelo.
Iindlela zokufikelela ukulingana kwemarike
Abathengi kunye nabavelisi baqhubeka ngokusebenzisana, oku kunceda ukufumana umlinganiselo ophezulu. Siza kuhlalutya indlela i-equilibrium yemarike eyenziwe ngayo.
- Ukwanda kwexabiso . Kuyimfuneko xa kukho umbandela wokunqongophala.
- Ixabiso elinciphileyo . Unokukunceda ngemveliso engaphezulu.
- Ukukhuthazwa kwengxaki . Unokuyinqoba ukungaphumeleli, kodwa kuya kubakho amaxabiso aphantsi.
- Ukusika ukukhululwa . Kubalulekile ukunyusa amaxabiso nokuphelisa iingxaki ezingaphezulu.