Babhiyozela njani uKrisimesi eRashiya?

Kwininzi lethu, igama elithi "iKrismesi" lidibaniswa nengoma ethi "MerryChristmas", iSanta Claus, izitokethi ezifakwe ematyeni kunye nokunye "ama-chips" aboleke kwiifilimu zaseMerika. Nangona kunjalo, bambalwa abantu bacinga ukuba konke oku kusebenza kwiKrisimesi yamaKatolika, egujwa ngoDisemba 25 ngokwekhalenda yeGregory. Kodwa abalandeli bamaOthodoxi bagubha umthendeleko ngoJanuwari 7, bethembela kwikhalenda yeYulian. Amazwe oOthodoki, ngokuyinhloko iRashiya, njengamaKatolika, anezithethe zawo ezisekelwe kwixesha elidlulileyo. Ngoko, babhiyozela njani uKrisimesi eRashiya?

Imbali yeeholide

Ukuthetha ngembali yokubhiyozela iKrismesi eRashiya, kubalulekile ukuba kuqala ukuba uqaphele ukuba iqalisa kwinkulungwane yeshumi - ngelo xesha ukusabalalisa okwakusasazeka kobuKristu kwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, kwakunzima ukuba amaSlav ayeke ngokukhawuleza ukholo lobuhedeni, kwaye oku kwakhokelela kwinto enomdla kakhulu kwiinkcubeko zembono: ezinye iingcwele zamaKristu zanikwa imisebenzi yoothixo bamandulo, kwaye iiholide ezininzi zigcina izinto ezahlukahlukeneyo zobuhedeni. Sithetha ngamasiko: iKrisimesi eRashiya, umzekelo, ihambelane neKolyada - usuku lobushushu busika, olufuzisela iintsuku ezide kunye nobusuku obufutshane. Kamva, iKolyada yaqalisa ukuvula uKhisimusi-iindidi zeeholide zeKrisimesi, ezaqala ukususela ngo-7 ukuya ku-19 kuJanuwari.

Ngobusuku ngoJanuwari 6 kuthiwa yi- Christmas Eve kubaSlav. Leli gama livela kwisibizo esithi "osovo" - sichaza isitya sebhokile ebilisiwe kunye neerhasi, esithandekayo ngobusi kunye nemifuno eyomileyo. Ukutya kwafakwa phantsi kweempawu - njengesipho sesipho kuMsindisi, owayeza kuzalelwa. Ngaloo mini kwakuyinto yesiko ukuyeka ukutya ngaphambi kokuba kuvele inkwenkwezi yaseBhetelehem esibhakabhakeni. Ebusuku abantu baya ecaweni ngenkonzo enesidima - iVigil. Emva kwenkonzo, babeka "ekhoneni elibomvu" phantsi kwemifanekiso yenkalo ye-hay, rye kunye neyokutya - i-porridge yeenhlamvu. Ekuqaleni, yayingumnikelo kuVeles, unkulunkulu wokuzala kwintetho yamahedeni, kodwa ngokukhawuleza yalahlekelwa intsingiselo yayo yangaphambili kwaye yaqala ukubonakala njengophawu lovuko lukaKristu.

Amasiko okubhiyozela iKrisimesi eRashiya yayiquka "i-razgovlenie": emva kokuzila ukutya endlwini nganye itafile ekhethiweyo kunye nomthendeleko wawuhlanganiswe. Iigesi, ihagu, isobho leklabishi yaseRussia, i-jelly, ukutya, i-pancake, i-pie, i-gingerbreads ... Into ebalulekileyo yetafile yetshati "yayinomhlaza" - imifanekiso yezilwanyana ezibunjiweyo enhlama.

Imikhuba yeKrismesi kunye namasiko

Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, iKrisimesi neKrismesi eRussia zahlala iintsuku ezili-13 - ukususela ngomhla we-7 ukuya ku-19 kuJanuwari Konke oku kuzinikezelwa ekusebenzeni kweendlela ezininzi ezingcwele, ukuxhamla, ukuzonwabisa, imidlalo kunye nezinye izinto zokuzonwabisa. Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo phakathi kwabantu abancinci yayiyidoda: abafana kunye namantombazana abuthana ngamaqela amancinci kwaye bahambahamba ngeenxa zonke izindlu ezisemzaneni, becula ii-carols phantsi kweefestile (iingoma zengoma ezidumisa umnini kunye nentsapho yakhe) nokufumana unyango.

Usuku lwesibini lweKrisimesi lwalubizwa ngokuba yi "Cathedral of Virgin" waza wanikezelwa kwiNtombi kaMariya-unina kaKristu. Ukususela ngaloo mini kwaqala ukuhlambalaza kunye nokujikeleza kwama-mummers: abafana bafaka iingubo zabo zobumvu baphenduka ngaphakathi, ubuso obunemibala kunye nenqanaba behamba ngezitrato, bedlala izikhwama kunye nemidlalo yonke. Amantombazana angatshatileyo ayicinga - ngokukodwa, ngokuqinisekileyo, ama-grooms - athululela i-wax enyibilikiweyo, aphonsa i-slipper ngesango, ekhangela izibuko ngokukhanya kwekhandlela, enethemba lokubona i-mated.

Iholide yeKrismesi eRashiya sele iphelile ngemisebenzi yamanzi: abantu abakholwayo ngokunyanisekileyo baqhutyelwa emngxeni weqhwa ngaseJordan, bahlamba izono zabo ngaphambi koBhapathizo .