Amaholide kwaSirayeli

Abahambi abaza kwaSirayeli , okokuqala, banqwenela ukuqhelana nezithethe zenkcubeko kweli lizwe. Inendima ebalulekileyo kule nto idlalwe ngamaholide akwaSirayeli, apho ubuninzi babo banxulumene kakhulu kunye neenkolelo zonqulo kunye neenkolelo kwaye zisekelwe kwiziganeko ezikhanyisiweyo kwiincwadi ezingcwele. Kukho iiholide ezinjalo, ezidibaniswe nemihla embi eyenzeka kwimbali yabantu bamaYuda.

Iimpawu zeeholide kwaSirayeli

Enye yezinto eziphambili zeeholide zamaYuda kukuba imihla yabo isetyenziswe ngokwekhalenda ye-lunisolar, apho ukusetyenziswa kwesistim esithile sokubala kubonakala. Ukuqala kweenyanga kufuneka kuwele kwenyanga, ngale ndlela, kwinyanga nganye kukho iintsuku ezingama-29-30. Ngako oko, unyaka owenziweyo ukusuka kwiinyanga ezinjalo awuhambelani ne "ilanga", umahluko u malunga neentsuku ezili-12. Ukuba sicinga umjikelezo weminyaka engama-19, ngoko kwiminyaka yawo-7 kukho inyanga eyongezelelweyo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-adar kwaye iquka iintsuku ezingama-29.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela ekuthintele ngayo ukukhutshwa komsebenzi, iholide zakwaSirayeli zinokuhlulwa ngokwemiqathango yezi zigaba zilandelayo:

  1. Ieholide, sebenza apho kungavunyelwe ngokuthe ngqo - iShabbat kunye neYom Kippur .
  2. Akukho msebenzi uvunyelwe ngaphandle kokupheka - iRosh HaShanah , i- Shavuot , i- Simhat Torah , i- Pesach , i- Shmini Atzeret , i- Sukkot .
  3. Iintsuku eziwela phakathi kwePasach kunye neeholide zaseSukot - umsebenzi kuphela ongeke wenziwe ngenye ixesha uvunyelwe.
  4. I-Purim ne- Hanukkah - aba ayanconywa ukuba benze nayiphi na ishishini, kodwa ukuba kuyimfuneko - kunokwenzeka.
  5. Amaholide angenalo isimo somyalelo ( 15 Shvat noLag Baomer ) - ngeli xesha ungasebenza.
  6. Iholide, ezingavunyelwe ukusebenza - yiSuku lokuzimela, iSuku se-Heroes sikaSirayeli , Usuku lweYerusalem , zifanekisela iintsuku ezithile ezikhunjulwayo kwimbali yabantu bamaYuda.

Iholide zase-Israel zibonakaliswe ngolu hlobo:

  1. Ukuvinjelwa komsebenzi, osekwe yimigaqo yezenkolo.
  2. Kuqhelekile ukuzonwabisa (oku akusebenzi kwizikhundla zeYom Kippur kunye nemikhosi). Kwimeko apho umhla weeholide uhambelana nokulila kweentsuku ezisixhenxe ngenxa yokufa, kufuneka ukuba ihlaziywe ngosuku olulandelayo.
  3. Kuyinto yesiko ukufumana isidlo, ngaphambi kokuba intsikelelo phezu kwewayini (i-kiddush) ivakaliswe.
  4. Intlanganiso yabo bonke amalungu omphakathi ibanjwe ngenjongo yokubamba umkhosi osisigxina.
  5. Ukuqala kweeholide kuhambelana nokutshona kwelanga, apho amaYuda afanekisela ukuzalwa komhla omtsha.
  6. Umyalelo wokuzonwabisa usebenza kubo bonke abantu kungakhathaliseki ukuba besini, ubudala, isimo sezenhlalakahle.

Amaholide kaZwelonke kwaSirayeli

E-Israel, iholide ezininzi zelizwe zibhiyozelwa, ezidibaniswa nomnye umhla wenkolo. Izona zidumileyo zi:

  1. I-Shabbat ibhiyozelwa njalo ngoMgqibelo. Oku kungenxa yeenkolelo zonqulo ezithi iintsuku ezi-6 ngeveki zenzelwe umsebenzi, kwaye umhla wesixhenxe ukuphumla. NgoMgqibelo, ukuvinjelwa ngokukhawuleza ukulungiselela ukutya, ngaloo mini kudla ukutya kusetyenziswe, okwakulungiswe ngeloLwesihlanu nokufudumala phezu kobushushu obuphantsi. Ukuba nayiphi na isithuba ihambelana neSabatha, kufuneka ihlehliswe ngosuku olulandelayo. Kukho ukutya okugcobileyo, ehamba kunye nomthandazo okhankanywe ngokukhethekileyo-ukunyusa. NgoMgqibelo, iibhandlela zibhekile kwaye iimpahla ezifanelekileyo zigqoke. Imibutho kawonkewonke iyimisa umsebenzi wayo, kwaye iteksi isebenzayo kwizothutho.
  2. I-Rosh Chodesh (iNyanga eNtsha) -ibhekisela kwi-parade, ihambelana nokuqala kwenyanga entsha. Le mini ihamba kunye nexesha lokutya, eligcinwe kunye nosapho kunye nabahlobo. Inkonzo iqhutyelwa, into ebalulekileyo yeso sithethe sokuthungca kwiibhobho. Umsebenzi ungenziwa kuphela yinto enokuthi ihlehliswe kwenye ixesha, ngakumbi kubafazi.
  3. Izithuba - zibhiyozelwa ngenkumbulo yokutshatyalaliswa kweNdlu kwaye zifanekisela intlungu yabantu bamaYuda. Le mihla kuyisiko ukuhlalutya izenzo zabo nokucela ukuxolelwa kwezono.
  4. IHanukkah yiholide yeekhandlela. Utshilo ngommangaliso, xa amaYuda athola ioli eThempileni, eyayimele ihlale enye imini. Kodwa nangona kunjalo, umlilo ovela kwamakhandlela wawwanele kwiintsuku eziyi-8, ngoko ukugubha kwe-Chanukah kuhamba kunye nokukhanyiswa kwekhandlela iintsuku ezili-8. Ukongezelela, kukho isithethe sokunika abantwana izipho.
  5. I-Purim - ibhiyozelwa kwimemiselo yensindiso yamaYuda kummandla wasePersi. Le yeholide evuyisa kakhulu, abantu basela iwayini, balungiselela ukutya, bathathe inxaxheba kwimveliso yezemidlalo kunye neempahla zokutya.
  6. IPhasika yiPasika yamaYuda kunye nomqondiso wokuza kwentwasahlobo nokuhlaziywa. Ubungakanani bemihla engama-7, ngeli thuba badla i-matzo - ezi ziigwele ezicwebileyo ezibhaka njengesikhumbuzo sesonka esasetyenziswa ngamaYuda xa ebalekela iYiputa esuka kuFaro.

Amaholide ngoSeptemba kwaSirayeli

Kwixesha lekwindla, ezininzi iintsuku zibhiyozelwa kwaSirayeli, kwaye abahambi abafuna ukujwayelana namasiko kweli lizwe baya kuba nomdla ukwazi iholide e-Israel ngoSeptemba? Phakathi kwabo ungabhala uluhlu olulandelayo:

  1. URhhh Hashana ngumNyaka omtsha wamaYuda, owaziwa ngokuba ngumthendeleko weMibhobho e-Israel, ngokuza kwayo imihla ibalwa ngonyaka ozayo, ufuzisela ukudalwa kwehlabathi. Ngaloo mini kuyinto yesiko ukuba amaYuda enze uhlalutyo olunzulu lwezenzo zabo, ekubeni kukholelwa ukuba kunyaka omtsha lowo uya kuvuzwa ngokuhambelana nemicimbi yakhe kunyaka ophumayo. Ngaloo mini, isithethe esinjalo, esichazwe kwisibhalo esingcwele, senziwa njengexilongo kwi-shofar (uphondo lwegusha), olufanekisela imfuneko yokuguquka kwaboni phambi koThixo. Kwitheyibhi yokugcoba, zikhona izitya ezinjalo: intlanzi, ephawulekayo yokuzala, izaqathe, ukugawula kwiisangqa - phakathi kwamaYuda inxulumene neemali zegolide, ii-apula ezinobusi - zibekwe ubomi obuhle.
  2. Yom Kippur - Usuku Lokwahlulela, apho kuqondwa khona izono. Kufuneka azinikezele kuphela ekuqondeni iimpawu zobomi kunye nezenzo zakhe, amaYuda acele ukuxolelwa kwabanye. Iholide ihamba kunye nenani lezithintelo eziqinileyo: awukwazi ukuyitya, ukuhlamba nokusebenzisa izicwangu ebusweni bakho, ukuqhuba, ukufumana ubudlelwane obusondeleyo, thetha kwi-mobile. Ngaloo mini, akukho rhadiyo kunye nomabonwakude, akukho zithuthi zorhulumente.
  3. I-Sukkot - iholide exelela indlela emva kokufuduka eYiputa, amaYuda ayehlala emagodini. Ekukhunjuleni oku, kuyisiko ukushiya indawo yakho yokuhlala kwaye uhlale ezintenteni okanye emagodini, njengamaYuda ngexesha lokuguqulwa entlango yaseSinayi. Ukuhluthwa kufakwe ngabahlali phambi kwegadi, kwimizi okanye kwiibhalkoni. Esinye isiko kukumenyezelwa kweentsikelelo kwizilwanyana ezine ezidibene neentlobo ezithile zabantu abangamaYuda.

Si rayeli - iholide

NgoMeyi, u-Israyeli uyazigubha iintsuku ezinjalo ezikhunjulwayo:

  1. Usuku Luka-Independence likaSirayeli - esi siganeko senzeke ngo-Meyi 14, 1948 kwaye ibhiyozelwa ngenjongo yokudalwa kwelizwe elizimeleyo likaSirayeli. Eli holide yinto ekhethekileyo phakathi kweentsuku ezingasebenziyo ezisemthethweni, ukuthuthwa kwezithuthi zikawonkewonke kulomhla, akukho myalelo wokuvalela emva kwesondo, ngoko baninzi banqwenela ukuyisebenzisa kwimvelo. Kwakhona, amaSirayeli aya kwiimfesane kunye nemithendeleko, egcinwa ngamanani amaninzi kulo lonke ilizwe.
  2. Usuku lweYerusalem- lubonisa ukuhlanganiswa kwaSirayeli emva kweminyaka engama-19 yahlula yaba yindonga enekhonkco kunye nentambo ebanjwe.
  3. I-Shavuot (kwiCawa yaseOrthodox yaseRashiya ibhiyozelwa njengePentekoste) -yifanekisela kuphela umhla kwimbali yonqulo, kodwa nokuphela kwenkathi yomsebenzi wezolimo. Ngesikhumbuzo samaYuda abuyela eNtabeni yeSinayi aze adle iimveliso zobisi, ukutya okunjalo kudla kwitafile.

Iiholide zikawonkewonke kwaSirayeli

Ukongeza kwiSuku loBu Independence, ilizwe libhiyozela iiholide zelizwe e- Israel :

  1. Usuku lweNtshonalanga kunye neHarism lunikezelwa kumaYuda angama-6 wezigidi ahlupheke ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini. Ukukhumbula kwabo ngo-10 ngomhlaba kwintsimi yelizwe lonke kubandakanya isikhalazo sokulila.
  2. Usuku lweSikhumbuzo kumajoni asele akwaSirayeli - anikezelwe kumaYuda afela emzabalazweni wokuzimela kuka-Israyeli. Ngaloo mbeko umnxeba womngcwabo uphendulelwa kabini - ngo-8 ntambama kwaye ngo-11 ekuseni, iintlanganiso zeentlungu ziqhutywa kulo lonke ilizwe.