Ukutshalwa kwegalikhi ezayo kwintwasahlobo kwindawo evulekile kuyona mcimbi ubaluleke kakhulu kubo bonke abalimi bemifuno. Esi sityalo sinexabiso elikhulu ekuphekeni, kwizonyango zomntu, isetyenziselwa izitya ezininzi kunye nokulungiselela amakhaya. Ngendlela efanelekileyo, isivuno senkcubeko sikwazi ukuzisa umnini-mali ukuba abe yinzuzo yengeniso.
Ukutyala igalikhi entwasahlobo
Ezoqoqosho, i-garlic yasebusika isetyenziselwa ukucubungula, ukuthengisa kwiimarike kunye nokulondolozwa, ibonakala ngamazinyo amakhulu kwaye isivuno esihle. Ukuba kukho umbuzo malunga nokugcinwa kwexesha elide, ngoko ke iintlobo zokusasa kwentwasahlobo zinenzuzo. Iibhobhu zasebusika zihlala zigcinwe kude kube nguJanuwari, emva koko umgangatho wabo uhlahloka, kwaye iintloko zentwasahlobo aziyi kuhlahloka kuze kube phakathi kwentwasahlobo. Ukuba kukho ukutshala kwentwasahlobo enqabileyo kumhlaba ovulekile, kungcono ukuthenga iintlobo ezilandelayo:
- Gulliver;
- Abrek;
- Sochi 56;
- Alei;
- Yelenovsky;
- Victorio;
- Permyak.
Ukwahluke phakathi kwegalikhi yehlobo kunye nobusika :
- Ukunyuka kwegalikhi ayifaki ukwenza iintolo.
- Iibhulabhu zentsasa azihlali zivule emhlabathini ovulekile, ziqala ukutshala entwasahlobo.
- Kwi-bulb yegalikhi yasentwasahlobo, i-loble ye-30 iyakhiwa, i-garlic yasebusika ayikho i-lobules engaphezulu kwe-10.
- Amazinyo ale garlic ukuya kwinqanaba lentloko amancinci kwaye acwangciswe ngokomoya.
- Iibhule ebusika kwiintlobo zasebusika xa zityalwe kwindawo evulekile zikhula.
- Ukutyala igalikhi entwasahlobo emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa ngamazinyo okuvuna kunyaka odlulileyo, ukuveliswa kwegalikhi yasebusika kunokuveliswa ngama-bulb air.
Ukutyala igalikhi entwasahlobo kwindawo evulekile-ixesha
Le nkcubeko inalo ixesha elincinane lokutshala, ngoko ke kwindawo evulekile, ixesha lokutshala igarliki entwasahlobo ivela kwimimandla esezantsi ekupheleni kukaMatshi xa umhlaba uphelelwa kwiqondo lokushisa lika-5-6 ° C. Kwiindawo zaseMoscow nakwimimandla esenyakatho enendawo epholileyo, ixesha lokusebenza ngokutshintsha ngokuxhomekeka kwiimeko zemozulu kwimihla yesithathu ka-Epreli okanye kwimihla yokuqala kaMeyi. Zama ukulibazisa ixesha lokufika. Ukuncipha kwexesha elide kungakhokelela ekuhlahleni kweemveliso kwiminyaka eyomileyo ngama-50% okanye ngaphezulu.
Ukulungisa igalikhi yokutyala entwasahlobo
Izityalo ezinobunzima kwindawo evulekile zifumana izifo ezininzi, ngoko kufuneka ufunde ngokugqibeleleyo umsebenzi wokulungisa ilonki yokutshala entwasahlobo. Okokuqala, sidibanisa iintloko zamazinyo, ukukhetha iinkcazo ezinempilo kunye nezona zinkulu, ezifumaneka ngokuthe gqolo. Emva koko, phawula izinto eziphefumlelweyo kwisisombululo se-fungicide.
Kunokuba usebenze igalikhi ngaphambi kokutshala:
- Nciphisa imizuzu engama-30-60 yezinyo kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate.
- Ukuxhamla kwisisombululo se-1% sobhedu sulfate (imizuzu engama-30).
- Sebenzisa isicatshulwa se-antibacterial "Maxim" okanye i-analogs yayo.
- Sebenzisa entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokutshala kwindawo evulekileyo isisombululo esinamandla esine-saline kwi-3 tablespoons ityuwa nge-5 ilitha yebhakethi yamanzi. Isikhathi sokugcoba sinemizuzu emithathu.
- Gweba i-half-hour kwi-Fitosporin-M, ihlanjululwe ngokwemiyalelo.
- Sebenzisa ngexesha lokutshala igalikhi entwasahlobo emhlabathini ovulekileyo, ukunyuka kwe-ash ash (i-tablespoon yale microfertilizer yemvelo nganye ilitha yamanzi), ixesha lokunyanga li-1 iyure.
I-precursors yegalikhi xa ityala
Ukusebenza evulekile entwasahlobo, kuyimfuneko ukulandela ukujikeleza kwezityalo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokusasazeka kwefungal nokuphucula ukubunjwa komhlaba. Iingcebiso zokutshala igalikhi ngabafama beenqwelo eziluncedo bancoma ukuphepha abaphambili kwiifatate, iitamatato kunye anyanisi. Ibhedi efanelekileyo ngokufanelekileyo, apho kwixesha elidlulileyo le-alfalfa likhula kunye ne-clover, i-strawberries, isaladi eluhlaza. Ukhetho olukhethekileyo lwabamelwane ngegalikhi, equkethe i-phytoncides yemvelo, ekuncedeni ukukhusela izilwanyana. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukuba neembhedlele ngeibhubhu phakathi kokutsalwa kwama-strawberries kunye ne-karoti.
Izindlela zokutyala igalikhi entwasahlobo
Imimiselo eyamkelekileyo yokutyala igalikhi entwasahlobo isoloko icetyiswa ukusetha ububanzi bomgca phakathi kwe-20-30 cm. Yenza izimbobo ezincinci, gcina umgama phakathi kwe-lobes esecaleni kumqolo ukuya ku-6-8 cm. Iiplani zisasaza ngaphantsi ngaphandle kokugxininisa ngamandla emhlabathini. Ukuququzelela le nkqubo, ama-amateurs asetyenzisiweyo asetyenziswe entwasahlobo, kwimimandla emikhulu kwindawo evulekileyo, amashishini ase-sevalki okanye ayenziweyo.
Ubunzulu bokutyala igalikhi entwasahlobo
Ngethuba lokusasa kwentwasahlobo nobusika, imithetho eyahlukileyo yokukhula kwesi sityalo isetyenziswa. Ubunzulu bokutshala i-garlic spring entwasahlobo i-5-7 cm. Ukuthelekisa, xa utshalwa ubusika, amazinyo kufuneka angcwatywe kwindawo evulekile ukuya kwi-8-12 cm, kuxhomekeke ekubunjweni komhlaba kwindawo. Ukufika okuncinci kangako kungathandeki, izimpande ezikhulayo ngokukhawuleza zikhupha amazinyo ngaphandle, apho zifela ekushiseni. Ukungena okunamandla kubangela ukunciphisa ukuhluma kwegalikhi.
Umanyolo wegalikhi xa utyala
I-garlic, kuyinqweneleka ukusebenzisa umhlaba ocebileyo, kodwa emhlabathini ovulekileyo uvumelekile ukuba ungeze into emitsha kwimithombo. Ngenxa yexesha eliphambili lomsebenzi, kungcono ukulungiselela icebo lobusika, ukongeza izondlo kwihlabathi, ezifana ne-humus (ukuya kwi-5 kg / m 2 ) kunye ne-superphosphate (15 g / m 2 ). Amafomati xa utyala igalikhi entwasahlobo ivumelekile ukuba isebenzise oku kulandelayo:
- I-fertilizing yokuqala-emva kweentsuku eziyi-15 emva kokuvela, sizisa i-carbamide ngesimo sesisombululo esinamanzi (1 isipuni / 10 amalitha amanzi).
- Isondlo sesibini - emva kweentsuku ezili-12 ukuya ku-15 kuyacetyiswa ukuba isebenzise i-nitroammophoska (2 ilitha / 10 ilitha).
- Ukugqwesa kokugqibela phezulu kwintsimi - ekupheleni kweminyaka elishumi yokugqibela kaJuni, ungasebenzisa i-superphosphate ngendlela yokunyuswa kwamanzi (iipuniji ezi-2/10 ilitha) ngesantya sesicelo ukuya kwi-4 l / m 2 imibhede.