Ukunyuka kwama-broilers ekhaya - iimfihlelo zomxholo ochanekileyo

Ukuvelisa kunye nokukhupha i-broilers ekhaya kwintlekele kumafama amaninzi. Izinkukhu zithatha ubunzima ngexesha elifutshane kwaye emva kweenyanga ezintathu sele zilungele ukubulawa. Kodwa i-broilers ziintaka zeenkwenkwezi, ukwenzela ukuthintela ukufa phakathi kwezilwanyana eziselula kubalulekile ukwazi iziganeko zokukhula kwazo, indlela yokujongana nobunzima, izifo zezilwanyana ezifuywayo.

Umxholo we-Broiler ekhaya

Izilwanyana eziselula zihlala zifumana ngo-Matshi-Apreli. Imithetho yokugcina iintaka:

1. I-Broilers ikhulile kwiindawo ezivaliweyo - kwintsimbi, ekhitshini ehlobo, kwi-veranda. Ku-1 m ² kwiphantsi kukho abantu abayi-8-9. Igumbi kufuneka likhanyise, lome, ngaphandle kweedrafti.
2. Ukufuphi kwendawo yokuhlala kweentaka kunokwenzeka ukuxhobisa umnqweno omncinci omncinci ngenani le-1.5-2 m ² ngeenkukhu ezi-10. Kuzo izilwanyana ezincinci zikhutshwa kwizulu elifudumele.

Ziziphi iintlobo zama-broilers zikhulu?

Ukunyuka kweentaka ekhaya, kufuneka uthenge iintlobo ezilungileyo ze-broilers, ezongeza ngokukhawuleza kwaye zenzele ngokukhawuleza:

1. РОСС - 308. Izilwanyana ezinemibala emhlophe kunye nokukhula okuphantsi. Uhlobo olukhethekileyo, ngokuba usuku lukhula bunzima ububanzi bama-55 gram. Xa uneminyaka engama-6 ukuya kweye-9 ubukhulu beenkukhu bufikelela kwi-2.5 kg, inyoni enkulu inika amaqanda 185 ngonyaka.
2. I-COBB - 500. Uphawu oluhlukileyo - umbala wesikhumba ophuzi, umhlophe omhlophe. Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokubulala iintsuku ezingama-40, ngeli xesha inkukhu i-2.5 kg. Uhlobo lunomda wokusinda kakhulu, isisindo sokukhawuleza.
3. Broiler - M. Uveliso oluphawulekayo lwemveliso kunye namaqanda, ukuzola, kunye nomzimba ogciniweyo. Ukususela kwiminyaka eyi-5, iinkukhu zithwala amaqanda, ukuveliswa kweqanda - ii-162. ngonyaka.

Unokunyamekela njani abaqhawuli?

Xa ama-broilers ekhulile ekhaya, izixhobo ezincinane zeenkukhu ziyakwanela - abaphuzayo kunye nabaxhasi . Kuba ukuveliswa kwamaqanda kuyadinga iminyango - 1 kuyo yonke inkukhu e-4. Xa kugcinwa i-broilers, ukunyamekela kuthetha ukugcina ucoceko kwigumbi. Umquba kumgangatho kufuneka ube kwi-adsorbent ukugcina ubomile kunye nentuthuzelo - utshani, iintsimbi zomthi. I-litter idla ngokufuneka iqhutywe ukukhusela i-lumps kunye ne-wetting, i-litter emanzi iyasuswa kwaye ifafazwe kwindawo eyomileyo. Ummandla omanzi ngumhlaba wokuzalanisa ama-microorganisms kwaye unokuchaphazela impilo yemfuyo.

Ukugcoba ama-broilers

Amatshontsho yenyanga aphelelwa kathathu ngosuku. Isabelo kufuneka sibandakanye amaprotheni, iivithamini, iprotheni (umgubo wemifuno), ingqolowa, ingqolowa. Ekuseni banikwa iimbumba ze-millet, okusanhlamvu, ingqolowa nebhali. Ungabalungiselela isobho kunye neebhunge, izaqathe, inyama, intlanzi, inyama kunye nesonka. Amafama ezinkukhu ezinamava aphuza i-millet, iitapile, izithelo ezomileyo kwaye zondla le ntaka ngendlela ekhuhliweyo, ixutywe neebhotile ezigayiweyo, utshani kunye nama-seashells. Ukongezelela unike i-duckweed, offal kunye nentlanzi entsha. Inketho efanelekileyo yokuzalisa ukutya - ukutya okugcobileyo ngendlela yeesangqa, iibhola. Uhlobo olungcono lwefodder for mixers:

• umgubo wengqolowa - 45%;
• isidlo se-sunflower - 17%;
• isidlo sesithambo - 17%;
• Iingqolowa ezichotshoziweyo - 13%;
• utyeni kunye nomgubo weesityalo - 1% nganye;
• imvubelo - 5%
• Amafutha okutya - 3%.

Ukunyamekela iinkukhu ze-broiler ekhaya

Ukuzalisa kunye nokukhupha i-broilers ekhaya kufuneka kwenziwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye baqwalasele ukuba banokungabikho kubanda kunye nokugcina ucoceko kwindlu yeenkukhu kunezinkukhu eziqhelekileyo. Kwakhona, bayacetyiswa ukuba bangazivumeli ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ngaphandle koko ubunzima beekhukhu ziya kuhamba. Kuphakathi kwenkcazo yefama yenkuku xa ikhukhukazi i-broiler ikhulile-ukunakekelwa nokutya okupheleleyo. Bobabini bafanele bahlengahlengiswe ukususela ngomhla wokuqala wokuhlala kwintsiba ekhaya. I-Broiler umxholo wokukhupha:

1. Ngaphambi kokuba abatsha baqhelane, benza ukucoca kunye nokomisa kwindlu yenkukhu.
2. Umgangatho uphelelwe ngqongqelo lwe-lime ekhishwe ngesantya se-0.5 - 1 kg nge-1 m ² .
3. Phezulu kwecala lokufafaza (i-sawdust, utshani) lwe-10 cm.
4. Ngenyanga yokuqala ukukhanya kufuneka kube kwiiyure ezingama-24, emva kweeyure ezingama-17.
5. Iqondo lokushisa ekhayeni lezinkukhu libaluleke kakhulu, kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yabo:

• ukuya kwi-1 ngeveki - 32-28 ° C (imihla ngemihla iyancipha ngo-1 ° C, ukuze iguqule);
• Iveki yesibini ngu-28-25 ° C;
• Iveki yesithathu neyesine i-24-20 ° C;
• Inyanga yesibini yobomi i-18-20 ° C.

Yintoni yokutya iinkukhu ze-broiler?

Ukufumana iinkukhu ezidliwayo kakuhle, izilwanyana ezincinane zidinga ukutya okunokulinganisela ngokwexesha leminyaka. Ukutya kweekhukhu:

1. Iintsuku ezi-5 zokuqala - isilisi esibilisiwe esivela kwi-millet, amaqanda abilisiwe, ingqolowa echithwe kunye ne-oats.
2. Emva kweentsuku ezingama-5 zongeza ukutya okumile. Izinkukhu zidla kunye nenkunkuma yokutya - izikrakra ezityebileyo, isonka, iifatata ezibilisiwe.
3. Uncedo kubo i-cottage cheese, ukususela kwiiveki ezi-2 endaweni yamanzi athululela kubashushu bebisi.
4. Ukususela kwiintsuku ezili-10 kwinqanaba lifake intlanzi kunye nomgubo wenyama kunye ne-bone-5-7 g ngosuku.
5. Amanzi kwisitya samanzi ashintshwe yonke imihla. Izihlandlo ezi-2 ngeveki ngokwahlukileyo zityhala isisombululo esinamandla se-potassium permanganate ukuphepha ukubonakala kwamagciwane emathumbu.
6. Ngeentsuku ezili-11 i-broilers iqala ukunikela okusanhlamvu - i-steamed, ichitshiweyo, ibanjwe njengomqu omanzi kunye nesidlo seethambo, i-whey, i-milk or broth.
7. Ukususela kwinyanga endala, iinkukhu zifundiswa ukuba zidle iigrafu ezipheleleyo, amaqabunga eklabishi, i-squash, i-pumpkin, iifleps, iifandeli ezivela eluhlaza.
8. Unokongeza imvubelo ehlanjululwe ngamanzi (200 g nganye nge-10 kg yomxube) kwiingxowa zamat.

Yintoni enokuyondla i-broilers kwiintsuku zokuqala zobomi?

Kubalulekile ukwazi indlela yokugubha iinkuku ukusuka kwiintsuku zokuqala zokuphila, ukwenzela ukukhusela izifo ezithathelwanayo:

1. Farmazin - powder, ehlanjululwe emanzini (1 g yemali kwi-1 litre yamanzi), iquka i-antibiotic tylosin.
2. Enroflon - ekuthintela ukuthintela. Ziphucula ngokucwangcisa iskimu - 5 ml nganye nge-10 ilitha amanzi.
3. I-Vetom 1.1 - i-immunomodulator enepropathi. Phinda uthabathe amathisipuni amathathu kwi-1 ilitha yamanzi.

Ezi mali ziya kuqinisa ukukhuseleka kwezilwanyana ezincinci, ukuphucula imetabolism, ukukhawuleza ukuphuhliswa kwazo nokukhula. IziHlomelo zi luncedo ekuthinteleni i- salmonellosis kunye nezifo zokuphefumula. Bandisa izinga lokusinda kweenkomo ukuya kwi-100%. Amatshontsho anxunyiwe kwiintsuku ezi-5 zokuqala. Nika isisombululo ekuphenduleni kwaye ulungele ukulungiswa. Ngethuba lokunyanga, ukutya akufakiwe, kushiya amanzi kuphela ngolunye lwamalungiselelo kwiitanki zamanzi.

Izifo ze-Broiler

Ukongeza kwondlo olufanelekileyo, kubalulekile ukuqapha impilo yeentaka. Izifo ze-Broiler:

1. Aspergillosis. - intsholongwane, iinkukhu azidli, zihamba. Iphathwe ngamagciwane, ukwenzela ukukhusela kubalulekile ukuba ungabandakanyi iifrikhthi kwaye uzalise zonke iimeko zokugcina iintaka.
2. Salmonellosis. - idluliselwa ngamaconsi. Iimpawu: amehlo enamehlo, isifo sohudo, ukuvuvukala kwe-cesspool, ukungabikho kwesidlo. Ikhutshwe yinkqubo ye streptomycin kunye ne-furazolidone. Ukufumana iprophylaxis, izitofu ze-immune serum zenziwe. Umntu ogulayo unokubulawa kakhulu, abanye basala nge-levomycetin.
3. Pulloroz. Iimpawu - uhudo olumhlophe, ukuphefumula okufutshane, ukoma. Izinkukhu ezigulayo zifakwe kwi-insulator kwaye i-biomycin ilawulwa, yonke i-furazolidone ifakwe kwisondlo.
4. Rickets. Ebangelwa ukungabikho kwe-vitamin D, amantshontsho awela ezinyaweni. Ngonyango, ikhosi yamavithamini icelwe, i-calcium yongezwa ekudleni. Kwilo mhlambi, ukufika okufutshane, ukuba iinkukhu zincedo emoyeni omtsha.