Izakhiwo zokuqala zezitena zaqala ukuvela kwixesha leBhayibhile. Enyanisweni, okokuqala kwakusetyenziswe izinto eziphathekayo, kodwa ngokukhawuleza abantu babona ukuba emva kokucutha ngomlilo, iimpawu zobumba zanda kakhulu. Kancinci, ukuma kwezitena kwatshintsha, baqala ngokugqithiseleyo, banomdla. Ubumbano obunjengomzekelo wenziwa, kwaye izakhiwo ezenziwe kule ndawo zaba yimisebenzi yobugcisa boqobo. Ukususela ngemihla yamandulo yaseMesopotamiya neRoma kuninzi ishintshile, kodwa kwanamhlanje izindlu ezakhiwe ngabaphathi abalungileyo bezitena ezinobomvu okanye ezinemibala zikhangeleka kweso njengezakhiwo ezigutywe ngamapaneli .
Unokukhetha njani isitena?
Kulo mbandela, kufuneka uqwalasele oku:
- ubukhulu bezitena;
- umbala wezinto eziphathekayo;
- khangela izitena ngenxa yeziphene;
- amandla;
- ukumelana neqabunga;
- ukuqhuba i-thermal.
Zobabini eziqhelekileyo kunye neembala ezijongene nembala - zonke ziyenziwe ngokwemilinganiselo echanekileyo. Kukho ubuncinane obuthathu bobugcisa bokwakha:
- 250х120х65 mm;
- 250x60x65 mm;
- 250x22x65 mm.
Uhlobo lo kuqala lungabizwa ngokuba yi-universal, luya, kokubili kokubeka ngokuqhelekileyo, kunye nokujongana. Okwesibini (emncinci) ingavunyelwa kuphela ngenxa yokujongana nemisebenzi. Kodwa isithathu kwisayizi sele sifana nesityela ngaphezu kwesitena. Ingasetyenziselwa kuphela ukugqiba i-flat flat plan. Uya kwangoko uqaphele ukuba kukho izitena ezingenanto, kwaye zikhona eziqinileyo. Iinduli ziphantse ziphantsi kwamandla abo, kodwa izindonga zazo zibonakala zifudumele.
Ukubonakala kwezinto eziphathekayo kunokukwazi ukuxelela ezininzi. Ukuba uqaphela ukutyhoboza okanye ukungeniswa kweglasi ngexesha lokuthenga, mhlawumbi oko kutshiswa. Kodwa umthunzi obomnyama ubonisa okuchaseneyo, isitena esinjalo siphethwe ngokwaneleyo unyango olushushu.
Ukukhanya kwezibane kwizitena ezijongene nazo zingathetha malunga nokufakwa kwe-lime, kunye namacangco amhlophe ebusweni bawo kubonisa ukuba ukubunjwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kukudibanisa ityuwa. Kucacile ukuba uhlalutyo lweekhemikhali alukwazi ukulungiselela umthengi olula. Ngoko ke, zama ukuthenga ityala elijongene nelitye kunye nesakhiwo esihambelana nomthunzi oqaqambileyo.
Ukumakishwa kwamatye
Imibhalo ebhalwe kwimiba eyenziwe ngesizathu, ixoxa ngamandla emveliso. Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-Frost ibhalwe ngetekisi "F" kunye namanani amaninzi ukusuka ku-35 ukuya ku-100, ephakamileyo kwinani, ngcono kumthengi. Amandla achazwe ngetekisi "M". Ngokomzekelo, uphawu lwezitena M25 alukwazi ukubizwa ngokukodwa ngokuchasene. I-M50 isele isigaba esiphakathi komgangatho. Ukuba imali ivumelekile, ngoko uthenge ititena nge-M150 yobhaliso, inokuthiwa yizinto ezizinzileyo kunye ezinokuthenjwa. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, khangela isampuli enye okanye iziqwenga eziliqela kunye nesinyundo esiqhelekileyo. Ubuthakathaka obuthathaka ukusuka kwimpembelelo iya kuhlulwa ngokukhawuleza ibe ngamaqhekeza amancinci, ngelixa iqineleyo iya kukwahlukana ibe ngamacala amaninzi, okanye ihlale iphelele.
Umbala wezitena kwi-facade
Kwimihla endala, umbala weemveliso wawuxhomekeke kubumba lobumba, kungenxa yoko, eYurophu, izindlu zazibonakala zikhanya ngaphezu kweRashiya. Ngethuba lethu, sonke sinquma izibhengezo ezikhethekileyo, ezikwazi ukupenda izitena kunoma yimuphi umbala wobuninzi. Ngako oko, kulula ukuvelisa, njengokuba ubhekane nesitena, ube nombala wokhuni, kunye nezitena ezimnyama. Konke oku kwenza ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuxazulula iingcamango ezinzulu. Ngokomzekelo, abathandi be-classical kunye ne-conservatives baya kusondela kumbala obomvu okanye obomvu we-facade, ehlala ekhangelekile kwaye eqinile. Ukuba indlu yakho isendulini, kwaye ufuna ukunyusa ukubonakala kwayo, ngoko uthenge izitena somthunzi othobekileyo kunye novuyo - i-orange, ipereach okanye enye. Unokudibanisa imibala eyahlukeneyo, uvavanyo, usebenzisa onke amathuba anikezelwe namhlanje kwilungiselelo lamacwecwe.
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