Ukwakhiwa kweReichstag yenye yeempawu zeBerlin yanamhlanje. Okokuqala, le ngenye yezona ziqhagamshelaniso ezibalulekileyo zembali zexesha elidlulileyo le sixeko kunye neJamani yonke. Okwesibini, izakhiwo zeReichstag, ezakhiwe ngesitayela se-neo-Renaissance kwaye zibuyiselwe ngendlela ekhethekileyo, ziphawulekayo.
Imbali yeReichstag
Olu lwakhiwo lwavela naphantsi koKaiser Wilhelm I, owabeka ilitye lakhe lokuqala ngo-1884. Ukuze uthumele ipalamente yelo xesha kwi-capital entsha yeJamani yaseBermany, eBerlin, kwakhiwa isakhiwo esimangalisayo. Ukwakhiwa kweprojekthi uPaul Vallot kwaphela iminyaka eyi-10, kwaye yagqitywa kakade ngexesha lolawulo lukaWilliam II.
Ngomnyaka we-1933, isakhiwo sahlulwa emlilweni, eso sizathu sokubanjwa kwamandla ngamaNazi. Utshintsho kwiintonga ezilawulayo zelizwe zakhokelela ekubeni emva kokutshisa kweReichstag, ipalamente yaseJamani yayeka ukubuthana kwisakhiwo esonakalisiweyo. Kwiminyaka elandelayo, iReichstag yayisetyenziselwa inkohliso yenkohlakalo yeNazism, kwaye ngoko-imfuno zempi.
Imfazwe eyinkunzi yeJamani yaseJamani ngo-Ephreli 1945 yashiya uphawu olukhulu kumbali yehlabathi. Imfazwe yebhanki yoNqoko phezu kweReichstag yenzeke emva kokuba iBerlin yahlulwa yatshiswa yimikhosi yaseSoviet. Nangona kunjalo, umbuzo othi ngubani obeka iflegi kwiReichstag inengxabano. Okokuqala, ngo-Aprili 30, iiflegi ebomvu zahlonywa ngamajoni aseRed Army R. Koshkarbayev kunye noG. Bulatov, nangomhla olandelayo, ngoMeyi 1, ibhansela loPhulo lusekwa phezulu kweso sakhiwo ngamasosha amathathu aseSoviet - awaziwayo A. Berest, M. Kantaria noMnu Egorov. Ngendlela, kukho nomdlalo wekhompyutheni yanamhlanje kwimidlalo yempi, ebizwa ngokuthi "Indlela eya kwiReichstag".
Xa iReichstag ithatyathwe, amajoni amaninzi aseSoviet ahamba apho azinakho ukubhalwa kwimiqulu engazikhunjulwayo, kaninzi ihlazo. Ngexesha lokwakha kabusha isakhiwo kwiminyaka ye-1990, bekude ixesha elide ligqiba isigqibo sokuba ngaba ligcinwe okanye cha, kuba le graffiti inxalenye yembali. Ngenxa yeengxoxo ezide, kwagqitywa ukuba zihambe ezili-159 zazo, kunye nemibhalo ebhaliweyo kunye nobuhlanga ukuze zisuswe. Namhlanje ungabona okubizwa ngokuba yiWorld Wall ngokutyelela iReichstag ngesikhokelo. Ukongeza kwimibhaliso, kwii-gables zakhiwo saseReichstag eBerlin nazo zilandelelanisa izibhamu.
Ngama-60s isakhiwo savuselelwa kwaye kwithuba elithile lajika laba ngumyuziyam.
Berlin Reichstag namhlanje
Ukuhlaziywa kwakhona kwakhona kweReichstag kwaphela ngo-1999, xa kwavulelwa ngokusemthethweni umsebenzi wepalamente. Ngoku esi sakhiwo sivuyisa ukubonakala kweetyekhenkethi ngokubonakala kwayo ngokungavamile. Ingaphakathi kwakhiwo ishintshile ngaphaya kokuqaphela: umgangatho wokuqala uhlala ngu-nobhala wepalamente, umgangatho wesibini yiholo yeeseshoni eziliqela, kwaye isithathu senzelwe iindwendwe. Ngasentla kunamanqanaba amabini ngaphezulu - i-presidium kunye neengxoxo. Isithsaba sakhiwo esibuyiselwe seReichstag sisona igalazi enkulu, ukusuka kwindawo evulekileyo yombono ovulekileyo. Ngexesha elifanayo, ngokwe-Norman Foster, ebhaliweyo, isakhiwo sokuqala seBundestag sigcinwa, apho umakhi ngokwakhe ngokwakhe wanikezwa umvuzo wePritzker.
Uyakubona konke oku kubuhle ngamehlo akho ngokubhalisa kwi-Reichstag eBerlin ngeposi, ngefeksi okanye kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-German Bundestag. Ukwenza oku, thumela isicelo esinegama lakho, ifani kunye nomhla wokuzalwa. Ukurekhodwa kwenziwa nganye kwemizuzu engama-15 (abangaphantsi kweentsuku ezingama-25 ngelo xesha). Njengomgaqo, ukungena kwiReichstag akuyona ingxaki.
Ukutyelela iReichstag mahhala, isakhiwo sivulekile imihla ngemihla ukususela kwiiyure eziyi-8 ukuya kwezi-24.
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
