Isixeko esingcolileyo kunazo zonke ehlabathini

Uluhlu lweedolophu ezidakaleleyo emhlabeni ziquka iindawo zokuhlala ezinkulu, i-ecology ejongene nokukhutshwa okugqithiseleyo ... Le ngxaki yinkxalabo ye-Blacksmith Institute-inhlangano engenzi nzuzo e-United States. Ngoko, makhe sifumane ukuba yiyiphi i dolophu eya kuba yinto engcolileyo kakhulu kwi-2013.

Iidolophu ezili-10 ezidakaleleyo emhlabeni

1. Eyokuqala kwindawo yokungcola ngendalo yiChernobyl yaseUkraine. Izinto ezifakwe kwi-radioactive eziphonswa emoyeni ngenxa yengozi ye-technogen ngo-1986 nayo inefuthe elibi kummandla wale ndawo. Uluhlu lokwahlukana olululwe kwi-30 km malunga neChernobyl.
2. E- Norilsk yinkalo enkulu ye-metallurgical yehlabathi, ephonsa iitoni zezinto ezinobuthi kwindawo emoyeni. I-Cadmium, i-lead, i-nickel, i-zinc, i-arsenic kunye nezinye iindawo ezibuthe umoya emoyeni, abahlali babo banezifo zokuphefumula. Ngaphezu koko, akukho sityalo sisinda kwindawo engama-50 km malunga ne-Norilsk zone zone, ekhokelela uluhlu lwezixeko ezili-10 ezingcolileyo eRussia (kwindawo yesibili yiMoscow ).
3. IDzerzhinsk yidolophu encinane kwisixeko saseNyzhny Novgorod saseRashiya. Apha kukho iifeksi zoshishini likhemikhali, lihlambulula kakhulu umoya kunye namaziko amanzi asekuhlaleni. Ingxaki enkulu engaphendulwanga yeDzerzhinsk yindlela yokusetyenziswa kwenkunkuma yoshishino (phenol, sarin, dioxin), kuba, ngenxa yeemeko zendalo, ixabiso lokufa kwisixeko liphezulu kakhulu kunani lokuzalwa. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba iDniprodzerzhinsk ungomnye wezixeko ezingcolileyo kwi-Ukraine.
4. Imiphumo yokukhokela - inkathazo yedolophu yeemigodi yaseLo Oroya , esePeru . Zizihlandlo ezintathu eziphakamileyo kunesiqhelo, ezichaphazela kakhulu impilo yabemi beli dolophu. Kwaye, nangona kwiminyaka yakutshanje ukukhutshwa kwamanzi kuye kwaye kwancipha, ubuninzi bezinto ezinobuthi kwiindawo ezikulo mveliso ziya kubakhombisa ubumnyama kwiminyaka emininzi ezayo. Oku kuqhutyelwa ngakumbi ngokungabikho kwamanyathelo okucoca loo ndawo.
5. Idolophu enkulu yaseTshayina yaseTianjin iphakathi kwezinye izinto i-metropolis yoshishino ngokukhethekileyo ekuveliseni izitya ezinzima. Izinkunkuma ezikhokeleyo zinkulu kangangokuba zixakeke emanzini nasemhlabeni ngobuninzi obukhulu, kungenxa yoko izityalo zenkcubeko zendawo ziqulethe inani elikhulu lokukhokela, amaxesha amaninzi aphezulu kunokoko. Kodwa ngenxa yobulungisa kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba urhulumente wenza imizamo enzima yokulwa nokungcola kokusingqongileyo.
6. I-atmosphere yaseMount Linfien ihlambuluke kakhulu neekhemikhali zendalo ezibunjwa emva kwamalahle omlilo. Le yiphutha leemigodi ezisemthethweni nezomthetho ezisemthethweni ezikuloo ndawo yaseLinfyn. Ngendlela, enye yezixeko ezingcolileyo e-China yiBeijing, ezihlala zihlala zihlala zihlutha i-smog ephuzi.
7. I-quarry enkulu ye-extraction ye-ore e- India e- Sukinda . Ukuba yinto enobuthi kakhulu, i-chrome ifinyelela kumanzi okusela alo mmandla, ebangela ukuba umntu aphethwe yintsholongwane engozini. Yaye yintoni edabukisayo, akukho mzabalazo wokungcola kwendalo.
8. Omnye umzi waseNdiya, "owaziwayo" ngenxa yokungcola kwawo, nguVapi . Itholakala kwindawo yezoshishino kumzantsi welizwe. Amasiza ensimbi esinyanisekileyo yintlanzi yangempela yalo mmandla, kuba umxholo we-mercury emanzini apha unamakhulu amaxesha angaphezulu kuneemimiselo ezivumelekile.
9. Eyesithathu amazwe asehlabathini nawo ahlupheke kwizinto eziphilayo ezihluphekayo-ngakumbi i-Zambia. Isithili saseKhabwe kweli lizwe liqulethe iipositi ezinkulu zokukhokela, ukuphuhliswa okusebenzayo okubangela ubungozi obungenakucinganiswa nabemi basekuhlaleni. Nangona kunjalo, le meko ibhetele ngakumbi kunezinye iidolophu, ezibonakala njengezona zingcolileyo, kuba ukucocwa kwe-Kabwe, iBhanki yehlabathi ibelwe malunga neerandi ezingama-40.
10. E-Azerbaijan, malunga nomzi waseSumgait , insimu enkulu inabantu abanomdaka. Ezi khemikhali zaqala ukuvala indawo yezoshishino nakumaxesha eSoviet Union. Namhlanje amaninzi awo awasebenzayo, kodwa inkunkuma iyaqhubeka iyityhefu umhlaba kunye namanzi.

Ukongeza kwezi zilishumi, izixeko ezingcolileyo kwihlabathi nazo ziyi-Cairo, eNew Delhi, i-Accra, iBaku nabanye, naseYurophu-eParis, eLondon nase-Athene.