Isiqhelo seswekile yegazi kubafazi ibonakaliso ebonisa inkqubo ye-carbohydrates metabolism emzimbeni. Ukhokelwa oogqirha beemfuno ezahlukileyo ekuxilongeni imeko yezempilo, kunye nokuphambuka kwiimpawu eziqhelekileyo kunokubonakalisa kuphela isifo sikashukela , kodwa ezinye izifo.
I-glucose egazini - yintoni na?
I-Sugar egazini (i-glucose) yinto enomsebenzi wayo ukubonelela iiseli kunye nezicubu ngamandla afanelekileyo kwisimo se-metabolism esifanelekileyo. Ukutya kwe-glucose kuvela ngaphandle-kunye nokutya okuqukethe i-carbohydrate. Ukuba i-glucose ingena emzimbeni ngokugqithiseleyo, ngoko kwi-digestive tract, yona, ngenxa ye-enzyme, iphendukela kwi-glycogen ibe ifakwe kwisibindi, apho kukho uhlobo lwe-depot kule nkunkuma. Xa ushukela ngokutya akwanele, umzimba uchitha imali ekhoyo.
Ngokukodwa, ukuxubusha kwe-glucose egazini kulawulwa yihomoni ye-pancreas insulin , eyanceda iiseli zithatha le nto, kunye nesibindi - ukwakha ngesiseko sayo glycogen (uhlobo lokugcina i-glucose). Ukongezelela, iinkqubo ezinomdla kunye nezityalo, i-pancreas hormone glucagon, i-horrenone ye-adrenal (i-epinephrine, i-hormone ye-glucocorticoid), i-thyroid hormone thyroxine ithatha inxaxheba kwimimiselo yezinga leshukela. Ukuba yonke into isebenza ngokubambisana, izinga le-glucose egazini ligcinwa ngokufanayo.
Ixesha elifutshane lempilo "ukuhamba" kwamanqanaba e-glucose ngexesha lusuku lungafumaneka phantsi kwefuthe lezinto ezilandelayo:
- ukutya;
- ukungabikho kokutya ixesha elide;
- yomsebenzi;
- ukuvutha komsindo.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngentshukela
Ukufunda isantya egazini kuqhutyelwa njengenxalenye yemviwo yokukhusela, kunye neenjongo zokuxilonga phambi kwezikhalazo ezithile kunye neentsholongwane. Ezi zimpawu zilandelayo zingabangela isizathu sokuxilongwa:
- ukoma njalo;
- rhoqo ukuqubha;
- owomileyo emgodini womlomo;
- isetyenziswe ngokukhawuleza okanye ukulahleka kwexabiso
- khulisa;
- ukubetha;
- iphunga le-acetone emlonyeni ;
- ntliziyo;
- ukunciphisa ubuqhetseba obubonakalayo;
- ubuthathaka obude besikhathi eside.
Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-glucose lwenziwa njalo kwizigulane ezineesifo seswekile kunye nabo basengozini yokuphuhlisa le ngozi:
- Abantu abanezihlobo eziseduze nezifo zesifo sikashukela;
- abantu abangaphezulu kwama-40;
- nde zeleka.
Ukongeza, isifundo sifuna ukuba senziwe ngabafazi abakhulelweyo kwaye kunokufuneka ukuba izifo ezinokuthi zifumaneke zifana:
- pancreatitis;
- isifo se-thyroid;
- ukukhubazeka kwezigulane ze-adrenal;
- isifo somngcipheko , njl
Olu hlalutyo lwenziwe ngeendlela eziliqela, apho igazi lingathathwa kumnwe okanye kwi-vein. Izindlela ezimbini ezibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zokuxilongwa kwebhubhoratri:
- ukuzimisela kokutya kwegazi i-glucose;
- ukuzimisela kwesahluko yeshukela ngomthwalo we-glucose.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngeeshukela - njani ukulungiselela?
Ukunikezela ngegazi kwi-glucose kwazisa umphumo othembekileyo, kufuneka ulandele ezi ngcebiso:
- Iiyure eziyi-8 ukuya kutsho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe igazi, ungathathi ukutya (kuphela amanzi angabonakaliyo).
- Musa ukusela utywala ngosuku ngaphambi kovavanyo.
- Ukuba kunokwenzeka, ungathathi naliphi na unyango ngosuku ngaphambi kwenkqubo.
- Ngaphambi kokuhlalutya, musa ukugubungela amazinyo okanye ukuhlafuna i-gum.
- Musa ukutshintsha ukutya okuqhelekileyo ngakumbi phambi kokuvavanya.
- Dlulisa umhla wokuhlalutya xa kwenzeka imeko ebandayo ebandayo, ifunyenwe ngethuba lokusasazeka.
Uvavanyo lwegazi lokuzila ukutya ushukela
Ukuba ugqirha unyule olu hlalutyo, kuyafaneleka ukucela indlela yokunikela ngegazi ukuze ugcoke kakuhle kwaye uze kwilebhu ekuseni. Kucetyiswa ukuba isidlo sokugqibela ngosuku ngaphambi kokuba isifundo singabininzi kwaye kungekho ngaphezu kweeyure ezingama-20. Uhlalutyo lunokwenziwa kwindlela yokuhlola igazi yegazi, kwaye ke loo nto ithathwe kwi-vein kwi-elbow. Ukufunda okuhlukeneyo kwitshukela, igazi lidlalwa kwi-capillary yamunwe. Iziphumo zinikwe kwiiyure ezimbalwa okanye ngosuku olulandelayo.
Kukho indlela ecacileyo yokumisela iswekile yegazi, etholakalayo ekusebenzeni ekhaya. Kule meko, imitha ephathekayo isetyenzisiweyo kunye nomgca wovavanyo olukhethekileyo, ubukho bobucetywayo kubo bonke abantu abaneengxaki zesifo sikashukela. Sibonga isiphumo kule ndlela iyaziwa ngemizuzwana embalwa. Xa usebenzisa i-fowuni, kuyimfuneko ukulandela imigaqo emininzi kunye nokubeka iliso ixesha kunye nemiqathango yokugcinwa kwamacwecwe okuvavanya, ngaphandle koko umphumo uya kuphutha.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngeeshukela ngomthwalo
Uhlobo lwesibini lwenzululwazi luqhelekileyo ukuba lubekwe ukuba izinga lokushukela egazini ekudleni kwabasetyhini ligqityiwe (kukho ukukrokreka kwesifo sikashukela) okanye umntu sele sele efunyanwe ukuba uneengxaki ze-carbohydrates metabolism. Ukuhlaziywa kwemithwalo kubonisa indlela i-glucose ngokupheleleyo echithwe ngayo kwaye yaphulwa emzimbeni. Inkqubo ihlala ixesha elide-ubuncinane iiyure ezimbini, ngexesha apho igazi lithathwa ubuncinane kathathu:
- okokuqala - kwisisu esingenalutho;
- okwesibini - iyure emva kokusetyenziswa kwesisombululo se-glucose, esilungiselelwe kwisilinganiso se-1.75 g nganye ngekhilomitha yesisindo somzimba;
- okwesithathu -iyure kamva.
Olu hlalutyo lubizwa ngokuba yi-glucose-tolerance test, kwaye ukulinganisa kwesalathisi emva kokudla isisombululo se-glucose kufanekisela umfanekiso wesifo segazi lesiguli emva kokuba sidle. Emva kwemizuzu engama-60 emva kokudla amanzi amnandi, iqondo leshukela legazi liphakama ngokukhawuleza nesiphumo esiswini esingenanto, kodwa akufanele sidlule kwimida ethile. Emva kwemizuzu engama-120, i-concentration ye-glucose kufuneka iyancipha.
Inqanaba leswekile egazini - eliqhelekileyo
Isiqhelo esisisiseko se-glucose kwigazi esithathwe eminwe kwisisu esingenalutho asihambanga ngaphaya kwamanqaku alandelayo: 3.3-5.5 mmol / l. Ukuba igazi legazi livavanywa, elihluke kwiimpawu ze-hematological, umgangatho weshukela wegazi kwabasetyhini kunye namadoda unqunywe ngaphakathi kwe-3.5-6.05 mmol / l. Ngokumalunga nokuhlaziywa kwe-glucose tolerance, kubantu abanempilo emva kwesisombululo se-glucose sokunxila emva kweeyure ezimbini isibonakaliso akufanele sidlule i-7.8 mmol / l (isisindo se-ushukela wegazi emva kokutya).
Igazi leswekile - itafile ngokudala
Kubantu bamaqela ahlukeneyo ahlukeneyo, izinga elivumelekile le-glucose egazini legazi lihluka kancinci, elingacaciswa ngenguqu ye-hormone yomzimba emzimbeni, okungaqhelekanga kumsebenzi wezitho zangaphakathi. Kule meko, ubulili bexabiso lokuhlola alunandaba - iindleko zifana nababhinqa namadoda. Yintoni eqhelekileyo yegazi i-glucose, itafile ngokudala, enikezwe ngezantsi, inokunyusa.
Ubudala, iminyaka | I-glucose rate, mmol / l |
| 16-19 | 3.2-5.3 |
| 20-29 | 3.3-5.5 |
| 30-39 | 3.3-5.6 |
| 40-49 | 3.3-5.7 |
| 50-59 | 3.5-6.5 |
| 60-69 | 3.8-6.8 |
| 70-79 | 3.9-6.9 |
| 80-90 | 4.0-7.1 |
I swekile yegazi
Ukuba izinga lezeshukela egazini lidlulile, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba lukhulu kangakanani le xabiso. Ukungaqhelekanga kwemvelo kuyabonakala xa igazi le-glucose libonakaliswa ngamanani alandelayo:
- 5.5-6.05 mmol / l ukusuka ngomnwe kunye no-6.05-7.05 mmol / l ukusuka kwimiva yesandulela ngesifo seswekile;
- ngaphezu kwama-6.05 mmol / l ukusuka ngomnwe kwaye ngaphezu kwama-7.05 mmol / l ukusuka kwisisu - isifo sikashukela.
Ukuphakanyiswa kweshukela yegazi kubangelwa
Ukongeza kwintlangano kunye nophuhliso lwesifo sikashukela, amazinga e-blood glucose anganyuswa ngenxa yezi zinto zilandelayo:
- uxinzelelo olubi, ingxaki yengqondo;
- isifo sesandulela;
- ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala;
- ukuhluleka kwehomoni ;
- i-pancreatitis enobuhlungu okanye engapheliyo;
- umhlaza we-pancreatic;
- ukungasebenzi kweentso, i-adrenals, isibindi;
- hyperteriosis;
- I-Itenko-Cushing syndrome;
- ukuhluthwa;
- i-acromegaly;
- ukubetha;
- i-myocardial infarction;
- ingxaki yengqondo;
- ukutya okunokulinganisela;
- ukuthatha imithi ethile (i-diuretics, i-corticosteroids, i-anti-depressants, i-salicylates, i-lithium amalungiselelo, njl.).
Indlela yokunciphisa ushukela wegazi?
Isiqhelo seshukela egazini kulabo bafazi abaphethwe yi-diabetes mellitus lilawulwa ngamachiza:
- kwisifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala - ukulungiselela i-insulini;
- kunye nohlobo lwesifo sikashukela se-2 - i-agents ezichaphazela ukuxutywa kwe-carbohydrates okanye ukulawula ngokupheleleyo i-carbohydrate metabolism (biguanides, sulfonylurea iziyobisi, njl.).
Ukubuza umbuzo, indlela yokunciphisa iswekile yegazi xa kwenzeka ukuphambukiswa okuncane kwimiqathango, kuyimfuneko ukuhlaziya ukutya. Kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukungena kwee-carbohydrates ekudleni. Kufuneka uzibhalise kule miveliso elandelayo:
- isonka esimhlophe;
- ipasta;
- iilekese;
- iifatata;
- iwayini;
- iziphuzo ze-carbonate, njl
Ngexesha elifanayo, kucetyiswa ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwemveliso enceda ukunciphisa amazinga okushukela:
- ithanga;
- utamatisi;
- anyanisi;
- ukhukhamba;
- isipinashi, njl
Kwiimeko ezahlukileyo, ezibonakala ngezinga eliphezulu le-glucose egazini, kukho imeko xa kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa ishukela legazi ekhaya. Ukongezelela kwiziyobisi ezichazwe ngugqirha, oku kuya kwenziwa ngoncedo lwamacebo abantu. Nazi iindlela ezimbalwa zokupheka kwabo bafuna indlela yokunciphisa ngokukhawuleza ushukela wegazi ngaphandle kweyeza.
Recipe # 1
Izithako:
- Amaqabunga eBilberry - 1 ithisipuni. isipuni;
- amanzi - 1 iglasi.
Ukulungiselela nokusetyenziswa:
- Galela imifuno eluhlaza yemifuno ngamanzi abilayo.
- Ukunyanzelisa isahlulo seyure.
- Ukunyamezela.
- Yidla ezintathu iikomityi ngosuku ngosuku kathathu ngosuku.
Recipe No. 2
Izithako:
- amaqabunga e-bay - 10 amaqhosha.;
- amanzi - iikomityi ezintathu.
Ukulungiselela nokusetyenziswa:
- Beka amaqabunga e-laurel kwi-thermos, uthele amanzi abilayo.
- Ukunyanzelisa iiyure 2-3.
- Phuza isigamu seglasi rhoqo.
Recipe # 3
Izithako:
- i-chicory root powdery-i-tafile e-2. iipuni;
- amanzi - 0.5 ilitha.
Ukulungiselela nokusetyenziswa:
- Phalaza amanzi e-chicory.
- Yiza kwi-thumba uze ubilise imizuzu elishumi.
- Kopa, icwecwe.
- Thatha ihafu yesilayi kabili okanye kathathu ngosuku.
Igazi legazi lehla
Kukho neemeko xa igazi eliphantsi le-glucose liphawulwa. I-indicator ye-laboratory enjalo, ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliswa ziimpawu zekliniki: i-malaise ejwayelekile, ubuthathaka, ukuxinezeleka, ukugungqa, ukuxakeka, ukuxakeka, ukuthuthumela, njl. Ngokwemvelaphi yeshukela elincitshisiwe kwigazi, iziko zomzimba kunye neenkqubo azifumani izondlo ezaneleyo, ezithintela ngokukhawuleza ukusebenza kweentloko kwengqondo.
Ishukela ephantsi yegazi ibangela
Ukunciphisa i-glucose egazini kunokubangelwa kwezi zinto zilandelayo:
- ukuzila ixesha elide;
- ukupheliswa kwamanzi;
- imeko yesifo;
- Isifo sika-Addison ;
- gipoterioz;
- Isifo seGrke;
- izifo ezikhoyo;
- ukuhluleka kwentliziyo;
- umonakalo omkhulu wesibindi;
- utyhefu ngotywala, ezinye iikhemikhali;
- i-meningitis, njl
Indlela yokwandisa ushukela wegazi?
Ukuphakamisa izinga lokushukela ngegazi ekhaya, unokukwenza oku okulandelayo:
- Ukusela ipilisi ye-glucose.
- Ukusela umgudu we tea epholileyo efudumele.
- Phuza ingilazi yejusi yesithelo esitsha esicacisiweyo.
- Yidla iinqwelo ezimbini zobusi okanye i-jam, i-candy.
- Yidla iincinci ezimbalwa zee-apricots ezomileyo, amakhiwane.
- Thatha ibhanana.