Kweli hlabathi lanamhlanje, ugxininiso luya kuqhubeka kwindalo, ngoko ukuba iphepha lamaphephadonga abuyisela ubukhokheli babo kwiimarike zokugqiba izinto akufanele kumangalise nabani na. Abavelisi banikela uluhlu olubanzi, ngoko unokufumana iinketho ezahlukileyo ekubunjeni, ukuthungwa, ukunganyaniseki, umbala kunye nokusebenza.
Iphepha lamaphephadonga - iingcebiso kunye neengxaki
Ukuchonga ukhetho lwezixhobo zokugqiba, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iingeniso kunye nokungalunganga kwindlela nganye. Impawu ezintle zamaphephadonga yamaphepha zilandelayo:
- Xabiso elithengiswayo. Abavelisi bamazwe e-CIS banikela uluhlu olubanzi kwixabiso eliphantsi, iimpahla zesiJamani okanye zesiTaliyane ziya kufuneka zihlawule ngaphezulu.
- Kulula ukunamathela. Ngomsebenzi, umntu omnye unokukwazi ukujamelana nayo, kuba inkqubo ilula kakhulu.
- Ukhetho olucebileyo. Kwizitolo zokwakha, unokufumana iphepha lodonga lwemibala eyahlukeneyo, imibala kunye njalo njalo.
- Ukuhambelana kwezendalo. Ukuveliswa kwephepha lodonga, i-eco-materials isetyenziswe, kwaye ngaphantsi kwayo i-mold kunye ne-fungus musa ukuqala.
Ngokuphathelele iimpazamo, ngoko iphepha lodonga, ngaba:
- Ubomi benkonzo ephantsi. Uninzi lwazo zonke, le nto ibandakanyeka ngengubo enye.
- Ukutshisa. Ngethuba elide lokukhanya kwelanga, ukukhanya kukulahleka.
- Ukunciphisa ukunyuswa kwamanzi. Iphepha lamaphephadonga alungelanga ukusetyenziswa kumagumbi anokuphakama okuphezulu, kodwa oku akusebenzi kwindlela enokutsha.
- Ukunciphisa ingxolo ephantsi. Ukuba kuthelekiswa nezinye iingubo, ukukhethwa kwendlela yokubhenca ingxolo kungabikho.
Iintlobo zamaphepha emaphephadonga
Abakhiqizi bahlaziya rhoqo olu hlobo lwephepha lodonga, banikezela umthengi iintlobo ezintsha. Ekwakha izitolo, abaninzi abantu bajonga amehlo kwaye akulula ukukhetha iphepha lodonga lweendonga. Iingcali zincoma ukuba ziqwalasele apho igumbi lilungiswa khona, ingaba umphezulu uya kubonwa, kuba liphi ixesha lexesha elicetywayo ukuba linamathele, njalo njalo.
Ipapa iphepha elilula
I-Simplex yinguqulo eyodwa-ekhethiweyo, ecaleni layo eliphambili lihlanganiswe ngomzobo ngendlela yendlela yokubhala, kunye nelinye i-substrate. Unobuncinane obuncinci kunye nomhlaba obushelelekileyo. Ukudonga iindonga kunye nephepha lephepha lodonga linalo uluhlu oluncinci lwezibonelelo: uluhlu lwemibala eyahlukeneyo, i-steam efanelekileyo kunye nomswakama ukunyanzeliswa, kwaye kusenokuba nakho. Uluhlu lwezinto ezingalunganga luyamangalisa kakhulu:
- Awukwazi ukuhlamba iindonga, kuba yonke into iya kukhula kwaye ihlahloke.
- Kulula ukulimaza ngexesha lokusebenzisa i-gluing kunye nokusebenza.
- Ngaphantsi kwefuthe lezinto zangaphandle, ii-linens zilahleka ngokukhawuleza zazo.
- Umgangatho wokugcoba kufuneka ube ngokugqibeleleyo.
- Ubomi benkonzo emfutshane.
Iphepha lephepha lepplekisi
I-webs iqulethwe nge-substrate kunye nengqwebo yangaphandle. Kwiphepha langaphambili umfanekiso udibene kwaye uqhagamshelwe kwi-substrate, eyandisa kakhulu amandla. Iintlobo ziquka ukukwazi ukuguqula izitenxo ezincinci kunye nokunyaniseka kwelanga. I-Duplex yamaphephadonga kwiphepha elinamathuba angalunganga: iindleko eziphezulu, ukumelana nokunyameka kwengubo kunye nomngcipheko wokuphulwa komhlaba ngenxa yeglue. I-Duplex iboniswe kwiintlobo ezintathu: i-structural, i-coarse-fibrous and moisture resistant. Iimaphephadonga zamaphepha zamaphepha ekhitshini kunye nezinye izigumbi ezinomkhuhlane ophezulu zifanelekile.
Iphepha lodonga lokupenda
Icala eliphambili lewebhu linjalo liphathwa ngeklasi ekhethekileyo, ekhusela ukulungiswa kwephepha ngexesha lokupenda. Faka isicelo kwiingubo ezihlanu zepeyinti. Kulabo abanomdla ukuba ngaba kunokwenzeka ukumbamba iifomati zamaphepha kwi-corridor, kuyafaneleka ukuba ukwazi ukuba ukutshitshiswa okunjalo kufanelekile kuwo onke amagumbi apho kungabikho ukunyuswa komswakama. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zendlela ezinjalo: ulwabiwo-mbini kunye noluhlu oluthathu, kunye ne-embossing kunye nesakhiwo. Ukuba umthengi ukhangele iphepha lodonga kwiplanga, kungcono ukuyeka ukukhetha kwindlela yokugqibela, kuba akudingekile ukudibanisa imivimbo kunye ne-gluing.
Iphepha lephepha lephepha kwi-non-woven basis
Isityiba sinomgca ongaselwanga. Ingaba yinto enye, ibini okanye ezintathu. Ukungaphumeleli kubandakanya ukulinganiselwa kumgca wemibala, ukungabikho koqhagamshelwano olukhuselekileyo kunye nolungileyo lwezinto eziphathekayo, ngoko ke izitenxo zomhlaba ziya kubonakala. Iimpapasho zamaphepha ezingabonakaliyo ezikhethiweyo ngaphakathi zinezinto ezintle ezibalulekileyo:
- Kunconywa ukuba ukuyisebenzise kwizakhiwo ezintsha, kuba inkqubo yokuguqula ingagqibekanga.
- Ukubamba iqhosha lilula, kwaye umqaqambile uya kuhlangabezana nale nkqubo, kuba i-glue kufuneka isetyenziswe kuphela eludongeni. Izithintelo azange zinyanzele, ungagqabuki kwaye ungadli.
- Ilungelo lephepha lodonga lamagumbi abantwana, igumbi lokuhlala , igumbi lokulala kunye namanye amagumbi apho ukungcola akunyuswanga.
Iphepha lephepha lodonga
Ukuvelisa iingubo ezinjalo, kusetyenziswe iiplanga ezimbini zephepha, ezidibeneyo kwaye zidlulele kwi-rollers ekhethekileyo, kwaye zinika uncedo oluyimfuneko. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba xa uhlahlela i-gluing strips, kuya kufuneka usebenze ngokucophelela kwiinkalo ze-concave ukuqinisekisa ukulandelelana ngokwaneleyo eludongeni. Iphepha lodonga elinamaphepha linamathuba amaninzi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela:
- Amandla anokwandisa, anika amandla okugaya.
- Kwiimeko ezininzi, ummandla wecawu uhlanganiswe kunye nocwangco olukhethekileyo lobuncitshisiweyo, ukuze uhlambulule ukucoca.
- Unokufumana iphepha lodonga ngaphantsi komthi nangaphantsi kwepeyinti nge-embossing eyahlukeneyo ukwenza i-design yasekuqaleni.
- Ngenxa yokukhululeka, iintsilelo ezincinci kwiindonga zifihlakele.
Iphepha lephepha elikhuphayo
Ingubo ehle kunye nephethini idlula ixesha ngenxa yoluhlu oluthuli. Isiqulatho seVinyl kwisiqulatho sephepha esinezixhobo ezikhethekileyo, ngoko banokuhlanjwa ngokukhuselekile nge siponji okanye nge-napkin. Musa ukwenza oku kaninzi, kuba i-canvas ingaba yinto engasebenziseki ngexesha elifutshane. Musa ukulungeleka iphepha lodonga kwigumbi lokulala kunye namanye amagumbi aphilileyo, njengoko belibazisa "ukuphefumla" kweendonga. Kukulungele ukuwasebenzisa ekhitshini, kwikorori, kwindlovu, indlu yangasese kunye nendawo yokuhlambela, ukukhetha okukhethwa kukho ngeengubo ezikhethekileyo.
Iphepha lodonga elifumbayo kwiphepha
Ukuvelisa umgca, i-vinyl isetyenziswe kwicandelwana ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuprinta kwesikrini. Ngaphantsi kwefuthe lokushisa okuphezulu, kuphuma umbane wezinto ezinobungozi, ezenza iiferesi. Iingxaki zolu hlobo ziquka ukuthoba komphezulu, ngoko nayiphi na umonakalo inokuphazamisa ingubo. Iingenelo unokuningi kakhulu:
- Ubunempawu ezinqandekile, ukuze ihlanjwe ize ifakwe.
- Yomelele kwaye inqatshelwe ngomlilo.
- Iphepha lodonga elisezantsi elinamaphepha lilukhuni kwaye linomfanekiso othakazelisayo owenza ukungafani.
- Indwangu yombhalo inceda ukusindisa ekugqibeleni isitya.
Ungabamba njani iphepha lodonga?
Zonke iinguqulelo ezingentla apha zifakwe kwiindonga malunga neendlela ezifanayo, ngaphandle kweenkcukacha ezimbalwa. Kukho imigaqo ethile, ebalulekileyo ekulandeleni, ukuze iphepha lamaphephadonga ngaphakathi libukeke ligqibeleleyo:
- Ukususa ikhava endala. Okokuqala, iindonga kufuneka zihlatywe, kwaye zixutywe kakuhle ngamanzi asephayiphu ukwenzela ukuba ifikelele kakuhle kwisiseko. Emva koko basuswa kalula kunye ne-spatula. Ukuba udonga lufakwe ngopende okanye nge-eamel, ngoko kufuneka ixutywe nge-sandpaper. I-Whitewash isuswe emva kokugcoba ngesisombululo sesepha.
- Ukupheliswa kweziphene. Ngoncedo lwe-putty, unokususa ngokulula zonke iintsikelelo kunye nezitenxo. Emva kokuba idle iindonga, kufuneka iphathwe nge-primer, eya kuqinisa isiseko.
- Ukusika imivimbo. Ngomgangatho okanye kwidesksi, gcwalisa umqulu wephepha lodonga ukwenzela ukuba ngaphantsi kwezantsi. Ukulinganisa ubude obufanele ukuba bulingane nokuphakama kwegumbi kunye ne-10 cm. Ukuba kukho umfanekiso, phawula ukuba amaqhekeza kufuneka afaniswe ngaphambili, ngoko ukucinywa akunakuphetshwa. Qaphela ukuba abaninzi abavelisi kwiimpawu zibonisa umgama apho ukuhlobisa kuphinda.
- Imali. Qalisa umsebenzi ukusuka kwiwindow kwaye ubeke eceleni ububanzi bephepha. Ukwenza umgca ogqithiseleyo, kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise umculi.
- Ukusetyenziswa kweglue. Nciphisa i-glue okufanele ifanelekileyo kumqolo okhethiweyo. Yifaka kwi-strip, ngokucokisekileyo uqhube umgca, uze uyiphathe ngesahlulo se-5-7 imizuzu. yokufakelwa.
- Ukutywinwa. Cinezela phezulu kwinqanaba lokuqala, uze ulisakaze phantsi kodonga, ucinezele ngendwangu ecocekileyo kwaye uhamba ukusuka phakathi komgca ukuya kwimida. Ngokuncedwa ngumjelo wephepha lodonga kufuphi nebhodi ebhodini, unokunqumla i-rests.