Izidalwa zezidalwa ezibonakalisa ukutsaliswa koluntu "i-eros kunye ne-toatos" (ngokuthe ngqo ngoFrud): izidalwa ezithandana ngesondo ezithandekayo nokufa. Umnqweno wesondo kunye nokufa uhlale unomdla kwaye ufumene indlela yokuphuma kwiintlanganiso zemfihlelo. Ngoko umdali we-vampire yehlabathi yokuqala, uBram Stoker, wayelungu lenhlangano eyimfihlo ye-Golden Dawn. Akukho nto ekhethekileyo ngelo xesha: umlingo, ulwazi olufihlakeleyo, i-alchemy, amatye efilosofi kunye nezinye izinto ezenzululwazi-ezenzululwazi, kuquka ukufundwa kweempi. Inzala yeminyaka ye-XXI kwi-bloodsucking yezocansi ayifuni. Ubungqina bumnqamlezo ongapheliyo wabakhenkethi ukuya kwinqaba yaseDracula.
I-bloodsucker i-vampire okanye ixhoba lephutha lehlabathi?
Kuphi iinqaba ze-Count Dracula, nokuba abantwana abaselula kakhulu bayazi. Ewe, eTransylvania. Kwiingcamango, kule ndawo yaseRomania kufuneka sijonge iintlanganiso kunye neempi.
Inqaba yaseDibula eRomania ibizwa ngokuba yiBon. Ngendlela, i-Dracula ayilona igama eliqulunqwe nguBram, kodwa ligama lesidlo sesiganeko nguVlad Tepes, obonwa ngokuba ngumboniso we-protagonist (ukusuka eBram ngokwakhe). Kuphela kwi-vampirism le nickname ayinanto yokwenza nayo. Ekuguquleleni, igama elithi "dracula" lithetha "unyana wenamba". Uyise kaVlad wayekulo Myalelo weSiqalo, wayegqoke ibheji yomyalelo kunye nomfanekiso wesidalwa sesiganeko, iimali eziprintiweyo kunye nomfanekiso wakhe kwaye waze wachaza inamba phezu kweendonga zamabandla. Kwakungenxa yothando lwakhe olukhethekileyo kwintsapho yenkwenkwezi ukuba uyise kaVlad wathola isiteketiso "Dragon". Ekubeni kweso sihlandlo kwakungekho umntu ophethe amagama, okwakhe uhlobo lwentlobo lwaboniswa ngukuthi igama likayise okanye igama lalo lizwe: iDon Quixote eLa Mancha, d'Artagnan (ephuma kwifa likaArtagnan), uVlad Dracula-Vlad, unyana weNyoka.
Nangona ngokoqobo igama elithi Vlad yayingekho i-vampire, kodwa, ngokweminye imbali yembali, ukuthanda kwakhe ukugawula igazi kwakunokubetha iDracula. Isibhengezo sakhe sesibini - iTepesh, - isikhulu samukelwa uthando olukhethekileyo lokuqhutyelwa ngokubakho kwi-stake. Ngokutsho kweengcamango ezininzi, indlu yeTepes yayingqonge i-palisade, apho yonke imihla ingonwabanga.
Izazi-mlando zibona kuyimfuneko ukubuza umlinganiselo wale mabali. Umbhalo kuphela wembali we-1463, apho amaxwebhu atshanje abhekisela khona, kwakunokwenzeka ukuba yinyani. Okokuqala, amaninzi amaninzi malunga neTimepesh yegazi ayanceda. UKumkani waseHungary wayenomdla kwiindaba, eziza kutsala ingqalelo kumalungu enkundleni yepalati kwaye ixesha elide liphazamise ezinye izinto ezixhalabisayo (iHungary yanikezelwa inani elikhulu malunga nombutho weeNkqubela, isixa-mali sachithwa ngokusisigxina ngaphaya kwenjongo ephambili kwaye ukumkani wayeyika ulaka lukaPape). ETurkey iminyaka emibini ngaphambi kokuba kubonakale i-dispatch engaziwa iVlad yenqaba ukuhlawula umvuzo. Ngeenkwenkwezi, wayekhokela umzabalazo wokuhlala ngamandla. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngexesha lokulawula kwakhe, uVlad waba ngumguquleli wangempela, ohlala ephazamise isithukuthezi: waxhoba abalimi abahlaseli baseTurkey, wabaphatha kakubi naziphi na izigebengu, nokuba ngamasela amancinci. Bathi ngethuba lolawulo lweeTes, unokubeka imali ngokuphepha endleleni, kwaye emva kweveki uzuze kwindawo enye.
Okwesibini, ukungathandabuzeki kolwazi kukwaso ukuba amaxwebhu angaphambili angama-Vlad ayengatholakali. Zonke iimbali zembali zegazi lakhe kwimithombo yakhe zisekelwe kuloo nto engachazwanga ngokuchaswa, engaphendulwanga ngo-63 eJamani.
Umbulali weNqaba okanye inqaba yokuzikhusela?
Uhambo oluya kwiNqaba yeDatula iDracula lusongela abanye abakhenkethi. Abakhenkethi abayi kuluyeka iinjongo zabavakhenkethi ukuba bajoyine inzululwazi, kwaye baya kukuxelela ukuba inqaba ayinanto yokwenza noVlad Dracula Tzepes. Induna apha ayizange iphile. Bathi oku, kubonakala ngathi, xa uhleli apha. Okanye bekukhona ejele elisemagumbini aseTurks. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iingcamango ziyahluka, kwaye iinyani zihlala zithe cwaka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuhamba kweetyekethi akubuthathaka.
Naliphi na iinjongo ozifundayo, umoya wama-chambers eDracula Castle eRomania iya kuhlala idibaniswa ne-vampires. Ayikho inqaba yendawo yokuhlonipha yaseHungary, okanye kwindlovukazi yaseRomania (akukho mntu uya kuyithatha njengesivampire, akunjalo?) Ayinakukwazi ukugubungela umdla wabakhenkethi. Kubonakala ngathi iCandelo laseRomania iNqaba yaseTransylvania liye yaba yiNqaba yeDracula ngonaphakade. Nangona kunjalo, umoya wamagumbi unomthelela kulo: umthi womnxeba omnyama, imilenze ephosakeleyo enemilenze engenakunceda ukukhulula ukuvalelwa kwe-Gothic; ukungabikho kwento yokubhabisa kwiindonga ezimhlophe; imithi emnyama kunye nezikhumba zezilwanyana zasendle. Amagumbi agqwesileyo akhangayo ngokuhlwa. "Andifuni ukuzonwabisa kunye nokuzonwabisa, andinakukhangeka ngotshani olusenyakatho, apho abantu abatsha banomdla. Andisemncinane, kwaye intliziyo yam, emva kweminyaka emininzi yokudabuka, ukudumala kunye neemkumbulo zabafileyo, abanakuvuya. Ndiyathanda ukuthula, ubumnyama nokuzola, ngamanye amaxesha ndimele ndihlale ndedwa kunye neengcamango zam "(Dracula, Bram Stoker).
Nangona kunjalo, yonke le mibutho iya kuba yinto ecacileyo kuphela: INkosana uDracula ayizange ihlale e-Bran. Inqaba yakhiwe ngabahlali basekuhlaleni kwaye yayisesikhundleni sokukhusela iinqaba zokukhusela.
Kutheni iBatsha yaziwa ngokuba yiNqaba yeDracula?
Kwincwadi yakhe, uBram Stoker, ngomlomo weNjingalwazi uVan Helsing, ubhekisela kumlawuli owaziwayo uVlad III Tepes waseTransylvania. Ngokwemvelo, abathandi abakhethekileyo be-mysticism bafumana ngokuyimfuneko ukutyelela iTransylvania. Ngokomxholo, abatyeleli abaninzi abaye batyelela i-Bran "kwiinyawo zorveli" babona iinqaba kwaye bathi: "Ewe le nto inqanawa ye-Dracula evela kwireveli!". Akukho nkcukacha zembali eziye zanceda ukukhuthaza abavakhenkethi. Ukususela ngoko, i-Bran Castle iye yaziwa kuphela njengeNqaba yeDracula. I-Transylvania eRomania iye yadibaniswa nomthetho ophezulu wegazi waseVlad Tepes, kwaye emva kokupapashwa kwincwadi, iBram Stoker yaziwa ngokuba yindawo yokuhlala yeVampire Dracula.