Icuba elimnandi linyuswa apha njengezityalo zonyaka, nangona eMzantsi Melika, kumhlaba wasemhlabeni wesityalo, kuyisityalo esingapheliyo. Yisityalo esinomsiba kunye namaqabunga amnyama amnyama kunye neentyantyambo ezintle, ezifana negramophones. Ngokuqhelekileyo abalimi bethu bakhula ityhiya yecuba, icuba likaLangsdorf, ucuba lwe-Sander kunye nehlathi le-fodya. Iintyatyambo zecuba ecocekileyo, kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo, zifakwe ezimhlophe, ezibomvu, i-carmine, i-salmon-pink, i-lemon-yellow kunye neminye imibala. Banobunqabileyo kakhulu kwaye bumnandi (ukunyuka), okuya kukhula ngokuhlwa, kuba iintlobo zeentlobo zeentambo zengqumbo zivuliwe ngokuhlwa, kwaye zisondele ekuseni. Oku akusebenzi kwifayibhi enamaphiko, apho iintyatyambo zimibalabala kwaye ingabi ncoko. Abagadi bezityalo bavelisa iintlobo ezininzi zecuba ecocekileyo, ekwahlula ngokwemiqathango yokuphakama kwesityalo kwi:
- zide - ukuya kwi-1.5 m;
- ubude obuphakathi - 45-60 cm;
- i-dwarf - kuphela 20-30 cm.
Ugwayi ococekileyo: ukutyala nokunyamekela
- Indawo . Icuba elimnandi lithanda ukufudumala nokukhanya, ngoko ke nincoma ukuba uyibeke endaweni enelanga.
- Umhlaba . Ugwayi utyalwe kwi-loamy, umhlaba omanzi ococekileyo, ukuba umhlaba uhlambulukile okanye uqine kakhulu, kufuneka utyongwe kwaye udibaniswe okanye udibaniswe.
- Ukunisela . Amanzi kufuneka abe ngokulinganayo, kanye ngeveki, kodwa ukuba ishushu kakhulu, ke amanzi amaninzi.
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu . Ukondla utywala kuyimfuneko ngexesha lokukhula kwembewu, ngaphambi kokubonakala kwembali kunye nexesha lokubhakabhaka, isichumisi esinzima sokwenza izimbali zeentyatyambo zezimbali.
- Ukunyamekela . Ukuze icuba iqhambele ixesha elide, kufuneka lixiliswe kakuhle, ukhula lususwe, umhlaba ukhululiwe kunye newayini esomisiweyo rhoqo, ngoku kukhuthazwa ukubunjwa kwee-buds ezintsha.
Ugwayi, ucoceko - ukhula ukusuka kumbewu
Emva kokuba icuba eliqholiweyo liqhakaza, kukho i siqhamo kunye nembewu esetyenziselwa ukukhula ngonyaka ozayo. Imbewu ihlwayelwa ngeendlela ezimbini:
- kwiibhokisi;
- ngqo kwindawo evulekile.
Emazantsi, ityhufi ecocekileyo ikhula ngokuhlwayela ngokuthe ngqo emhlabathini kwindawo evulekile, ngelixa ikhonkxa umhlaba (ngamanye amaxesha ikhula ngokuzimela). Kwiimimandla, encinane kumntla wokutyala kuqala kwiibhokisi, uze uhlanyele izithombo kwigadi yeentyatyambo. Ukulandelelana kwamanqanaba omsebenzi:
- Ukuhlwayelwa kweentlobo zefodya kwiimbewu zihamba ukusuka phakathi ko-Matshi ukuya ngo-Apreli.
- Imbewu encinci yefayibha iyasasaza phezu komhlaba owomanzi, ixinzelele phambili ngaphakathi.
- Ukumboza iibhokisi kunye nesibhambathiso esicacileyo okanye ifilimu, efakwe kwindawo edibeneyo nefudumeleyo, ngokushisa kwe-18 ukuya kwi-20 ° C.
- Ngeentsuku eziyi-10-12 imbewu iya kunyuka kwaye iqale ngokukhawuleza ikhule, iqondo lokushisa kufuneka lihliswe ngamadridi amaninzi kwaye iyancishiswa ngokulinganayo.
- Kwiintsuku ezingama-21 kuphela emva kokuhlwayela iqabunga lokuqala lokwenene livela kwicuba elimnandi.
- Dive ihluma yefodya ecocekileyo ingaba emva kokuvela kwebini lamacembe.
- Emva kwenyanga emva kokufakelwa, izityalo zineengcambu ezinamandla ngakumbi kunye namaqabunga amakhulu. Amanzi njengoko uyomisa umhlaba.
- Ukutshala izityalo zefodya ecocekileyo kwindawo evulekileyo ngoJuni, kodwa kungekudala kunama-20-50 cm.
Imbewu igcina ukuhluma kwayo ixesha elide, ukuya kwi-8 iminyaka.
Icuba likaFluffy: izifo kunye nezinambuzane
Icuba elimnandi libhekisela kwizityalo-phytoncides, ezichasene nezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo kunye nomonakalo wenzakaliso, kodwa zibavimbele nje kuphela kubo, kodwa nakwizityalo ezizondelene nazo. Kukho iziganeko zomonakalo kwi- beetle ye-Colorado , xa iifatate sele zivunwe.
Icuba elimnandi linempawu ezininzi ezintle, ngenxa yokuba abalimi bafuna ukukhula kwiintsimi zabo zeentyatyambo. Kodwa xa uya kutya ugwayi ococekileyo kunye nezinye izityalo, kufuneka uqikelele ukuba ukhula kakhulu kwaye kuya kuthatha indawo eninzi kamva.
Kukho umbuzo omnye odla ngokuphindaphindiweyo abantu malunga nokubhema icuba elimnandi: unokuyitshisa? Nangona into ebizwa ngokuba yicuba, le ntyatyambo ayinayo impawu yokutshaya (akukho nicotine), kodwa iyahlala yintyatyambo enokusinceda kuphela ngokukhawuleza kwayo.