I-Evergreen intyatyambo ye-yucca ineempawu zendalo yonke, ifanelekile ukuhlobisa indlu, isicwangciso somntu siqu, esetyenziselwa ukwenza iziqholo kunye neemveliso zonyango. Ukukhula kwamagqabi amancinci kuya kunika umgadi wezolimo kwimeko epholileyo ukudala umhlaba kwiindawo ezisemgangathweni zendalo.
I-yucca ihluma njani?
Esi sityalo sivela eMelika, kodwa siye sahamba kakuhle kwiimeko zaseYurophu. Ehlabathini evulekile ingafumaneka kwingingqi yoLwandle oluMnyama, e-Central Asia, kwimimandla esezantsi ye-Ukraine. Intyatyambo ye-yucca ikhula ngohlobo lwamahlathi okanye iintendelezo zobuxoki kunye ne-trunk encane yomthi. Amaqabunga kwisityalo ahlanganiselwe, enomxholo osicacileyo, onzima, ukuya kumitha ende. Zingahluka ngombala okanye zibe nemibhobho kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo. Iintende ze-mini ezingaqhelekanga zingaphathi amaqabunga ebusika.
I-Yucca iphakamisa iintambo zeentyatyambo eziphakamileyo ngexesha lokuqhakaza, apho kubonakala khona imibala enemibala enobumnandi obukhanyayo. I-panicle yokuhlobisa ihamba phakathi kwehlathi, ifinyelela ukuphakama kwesiqingatha semitha ukuya kwi-2.5 m. I-Peduncles ikhula ngqo okanye iwele. Iintyatyambo ziluhlaza, ziluhlaza-luhlaza, i-snow-white. Impawu ye-yucca - flowering occurs ebusuku, ngelixa isityalo siphunga iphunga elimnandi, likhumbuza iphunga le-detergent ebiza kakhulu.
Iintlobo ze-yucca
Kwiindawo zasendle zaseMelika, ziya kukhula ukuya kwii-30 iintlobo zeentende zezandla, zihlala zikhulu ngobukhulu, zigqithise imithi emininzi yemozulu yethu. Ngokomzekelo, iindidi ezahlukeneyo zesityalo zifikelela kwimitha emi-5 ubude kwaye zinombhobho. EYurophu, ukuzaliswa komtsalane kwaye kukhule ngakumbi iintlobo ezintathu zokuhlobisa, ezichanekileyo kwiimeko zethu zemozulu kwaye zifanelekile ukuhlala kwindawo.
Iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zentyatyambo ye-yucca:
- Yucca i-filamentous. Isityalo singatyalwa kwiindawo ezinommozulu ophelileyo, unokumelana no-20 ° weqhwa. Amagqabi ayo avulekileyo, aphezu kwinqanaba eliphezulu, ukuya kuma-60 cm ubude, eneentambo ezimhlophe. Iintyatyambo ze-yucca ezihlukahlukeneyo zineentlobo zeentyatyambo eziphakamileyo ukuya kwi-2.5 m ukuphakama, iintsimbi ezincinane zikhula zikhule, zifike kwi-7 cm ubude.
- Yucca i sa Isiqu seentyatyambo sifutshane, amaqabunga ayanqabileyo kwaye ahlangene, aqaqambile. Iibhendi kwi-yucca e-grey zihlaza okanye ziphuzi. Amaqabunga akhula kuwo ngendlela yesigxina esisodwa, efikelela ubude be-90 cm. Akunakubizwa ngokuba yi-yucca esezantsi, ikhula ngokuqhelekileyo emoyeni, ixhomekeke kakuhle yiqabunga kunye nesomiso.
- Yukka yindlovu. Igama lafumana ifomu linikezelwe ngenxa yomlenze wokuqala onzima. Amaqabunga afumaneka phezulu, kwaye i-trunk ehamba phambili iya kuba yincinci ngexesha lokukhula. Ukuwa kwamahlamvu kushiya amanqaku kwi-trunk. Ehlobo, intyatyambo ye-yucca engxenyeni engenhla ihlotshiswe nge-inflorescences ngeentsimbi ezimhlophe.
Ukulima kwe-yucca
Iindlela eziphambili zokukhula okuqhelekileyo kwesi sundu sesigqubuthelo kukukhanyisa kakuhle kwesiza kunye nokuhlambela ngokuthe rhoqo. Ukuxazulula umbuzo wendlela yokukhuphula i-yucca ekhaya, kufuneka ukhangele indawo enelanga apho kulula ukuphinda uvuselele isimo sezulu. Ngaphakathi, ubushushu obuphezulu bokukhula kweentyatyambo bu malunga no-25 ° C, kodwa alukho ngaphezu kwama-30 ° C. Ebusika sizama ukukhusela i-yucca kwimida kwaye siyigcine kwi-18-20 ° C. Kwiinyanga ezimnyama sitshisa i sityalo ngezibane, sandisa ixesha lokukhanya.
Indlela yokutshala i-yucca?
Intyatyambo ikhulile ngendlela yenkcubeko yembiza okanye kwindawo evulekile. Ukulungiselela umyezo we-yucca, ukutyala kunye nokunyamekela kufanelekile kwindawo evulekile. Siphephela imifuno kunye neendawo ezinomthunzi ezikufutshane neendonga ezisenyakatho okanye ngaphantsi kwemithsiba yomthi. Ngokufanelekileyo, intyatyambo kufuneka ityalwe kwindawo ephakanyisiweyo ilanga ngqo. Amanzi kufuneka ahlulwe kwangaphambili kwiinyanga zindla, ukwenza izimbobo ezinobungakanani obukhulu kunomlinganiselo weengcambu.
Iingcebiso zokutyala inentyantyambo yucca:
- Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukutshintshela isityalo ukuba isiqithi sikhula ngamandla, xa ipropati ingabelana ngokukhuselekileyo ibe yiindawo;
- Iingcambu ze-yucca zilula ukulimaza, zilala ububanzi obungaphezulu kwesigamu semitha;
- Ukufakelwa kwentshukumo kwenziwa entwasahlobo okanye ngo-Agasti;
- intyatyambo ye-yucca isaba iqulunqo;
- Ukugqoka kokuqala emva kokutshala kwenziwa ngaphandle kweentsuku ezili-14 kamva.
Iintyatyambo ze-yucca ezinomdaka - umhlaba
Ngenxa yale ntyatyambo yile pH ephezulu kwi-5.5-6.5 (i-medium acidic medium). Sakhetha umhlaba ngesakhi sezondlo kunye nesondlo, ukuze ipropus iqhube kakuhle. Igravel for drainage sisebenzisa amaqhezu ukusuka kwi-3 mm ukuya kwi-4 mm. Ukuba yucca yangaphakathi, kukho iindlela ezininzi zomhlaba omhle, umhloli wezityalo unokukwazi ukuyenza ngokulula nokwakhiwa okungabizi.
Iresiphi yomhlaba yokutshala i-yucca:
- Umhlaba weSoddy (ii-2 izingxenye), umhlaba oqingqiweyo (iindawo ezi-2), i-humus ephezulu (i-1 part), igravel (i-2 parts).
- Ukugqiba umhlaba kwisitoreji (ii-2 izingxenye), iqhekeza elincinci le-gravel 4 mm (inxalenye e-1), i-compost ephihliweyo (inxalenye engama-1), umgca we-coconut (inxalenye e-1).
Ikhaya laseYucca - khetha ibhodwe
Isiqulatho solu sityalo sinamandla kwaye sinzima, simile ngokusemandleni. Izityalo ezinkulu ngeendlela zemithi emincinane, njenge-dracaena, i-yucca, i-areca, idinga ibhodlo eliqinileyo nelinamandla. Ubumba obunobulunga obuhle okanye iplastiki kunye nomngxuma wokuhambisa amanzi. Kwi-containeric container, umhlaba udibene ngokugqithiseleyo, ukubola kweenkqubo zengcambu apha kungekho rhoqo. Xa ukutshintshwa kweentyantyambo ezithengiweyo kwisitoreji, sikhetha isikhephe 2-3 cm ububanzi ngaphezu kwebhodi lokuthutha.
Indlela yokusasaza i-yucca?
Kunzima ukuyinciphisa le ntyatyambo eYurophu, kwindawo yethu akukho zixhobo ezifunekayo zokungcoliswa kwintlanzi kwiimeko zayo ezintle. Ababelethi beza kunye neendlela ezininzi ezifumanekayo ukufumana isiqhamo esitsha somthi wesundu, ongasenza lula ekhaya. Uya kulufuna isityalo esinamandla esinamandla apho ungathatha khona ama-offsprings okanye ezinye izitho zityalo zokuvelisa.
Iindlela zokuzalisa i-yucca:
- Ukuzaliswa ngumntwana weengcambu. Ukusetyenziswa kweendwangu ezinqunywe kumama wesihlahla. Iingcambu ngeenkqubo eziphuhlisiweyo zikhethiweyo, eziqinisekisiwe ukuba zinyanzele. Kuba yucca, ukuveliswa ngale ndlela kulula, ukunyamekela izityalo akudingi umzamo omkhulu.
- Ukuzaliswa kweentyatyambo yendlovu yucca ngophi yesundu. Ukuba ufuna ukufezekisa iincinci ze-branching zinqumle intonga yesityalo ukuya kwi-10 cm ubude, ushiya inxalenye yamacembe. Iintlobo zeentyantyambo zifafazwe ngamalahle, zomile, sibeka intsalela ephumayo emanzini okanye kwisanti enomanzi. Amagqabi e Rotting asuswe, amanzi ashintshiwe, ukukhusela ukubonakala kwebhaktheriya songeza amalahle kwi-liquid. Emva kokuvela kweengcambu ezincinci, sithutha i-yucca emhlabathini.
- Ukuzaliswa kwe-yucca ngesiqwenga se-bared stem. Isiphelo esisezantsi sentsundu sihlanjululwe iintsuku ezimbalwa kwi-stimulator ye-rooting, ke ityalwe emhlabeni okhanyayo ubunzulu be-5 cm. Isanti iyaqhubeka ihlanjululwe kude kube namaqabunga avele. Ungayifaka i-yucca yeentyantyambo ezinqamlekileyo entlabathi, isiqingatha sisifake kwi-substrate. Xa kuvela ihluma, bahlukana kwaye bahluthwe.
- Ukuvelisa imbewu ye-yucca. Hlwanyela ngokutsha kunye nembewu ehlanjelwe usuku ukuya kumxube wentlabathi, umhlaba, i-turf (1: 1: 1). Hlulela umhlaba uze udibanise isitya kunye neglasi. Izithombo ziya kubonakala phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo ngenyanga.
Unokunyamekela njani i-yucca ekhaya?
Imeko ebalulekileyo xa kuphakama iintende zezandla ezitratweni kwisitalato kukukhuselwa okuthembekileyo kwiinyanga ezibandayo ukusuka kwinqanaba lokukhula. Kuba yucca omdala, ukunakekelwa kwasebusika kuqukumbela isityalo kunye namahlamvu okanye i-lapnik, ukuyibeka kwisibhobho seenkuni. Ngaphambi kwalokhu sibopha amaqabunga ngentambo, siqokelele bonke ngokufanelekileyo. Awukwazi ukukhawuleza kunye nokufumanisa kwe-yucca entwasahlobo, emva kokufika kobushushu, amahlamvu aphuma kwaye isikhunta sikhula.
Unganisela njani i-yucca?
Isityalo ngokwawo sichaza xa ufuna ukuwahambisa. Ngaphantsi kwemiqathango emihle kunye nokunyuswa komhlaba okuqhelekileyo, amaqabunga aqondiswe, kwaye imisonto ephihliweyo. Ngomlambo, amaqabunga e-xiphoid aqala ukuphazamisa ubuhlungu, kwaye imicu ihlala ikhululekile. Iintyatyambo zaseYucca xa zisuka ekhaya, zanisela ngamanzi amaninzi kangangokuba umhlabathi ebhodweni owomile ube malunga nesiqingatha sokuphakama kwesitya.
Indlela yokutya yucca?
Umanyolo uqalise ixesha elifudumeleyo kwiiveki ezi-3-4 ukususela ngo-Ephreli ukuya ku-Agasti. Kwimibuzo yendlela yokunyamekela ngayo i-yucca, iifayile zendalo kunye neentlobo zonyango - "Kemira" , "Agricola" , ezinye izilungiso ezifanayo zifanelekile. Uncedo oluhle lwe-mullein, i-leaf humus, i-peat processing products. Kunokwenzeka ukuvelisa i-foliar top dressing kwiqabunga emva kweveki ezingama-2-3, ngokulandela imigaqo kwimveliso ethengiweyo.
I-Yukka yokutshalisa ekhaya
Kwimeko, indlela yokutshala i-yucca kwisitalato, kubalulekile ukuba ungatshisi isityalo phantsi kwelanga. Kufuneka kuthengwe i-seedling egxininiswe ukuqina, imihla ngemihla siyifudukela ilanga elivulekileyo. Ixesha lokutyala likhethwa lifudumele elisebushushu malunga ne-20 ° C. Awuyi kutshala isityalo kufuphi nokuvela kwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba. Ngaphantsi kwembombo silungiselela umgca wokuhambisa amanzi ukusuka kwinqanaba kunye nesihlabathi.
Ukutshintshwa kweentyatyambo ze-yucca kwisitya esitsha kwenziwa rhoqo kwiminyaka emibini. Ubungakanani bukhulu kwaye buzinzile. Esi sityalo sinamandla, iqela leqabunga likhulu, ngoko le ntyatyambo ifuna inkxaso enhle. Umthamo wongxowankulu we-drainage ufike kwi-7 cm (malunga ne-1/3 yomthamo womhlaba wonke). Ukusebenzisa ubunzima obuninzi sisisebenzisi ubumba obunzima, butyali okanye ityitini ephukileyo. Qiniseka ukuba ungeze amanye amalahle emhlabathini.
Indlela yokunciphisa i-yucca ekhaya?
Ukuba kukho itraki enye, sinqumla intyatyambo esolule naluphi na ukuphakama okhethiweyo. Kwimeko xa isityalo sineemithi emininzi, sinqumla amahlumela ngohlobo lokuphakama kwe-10-15 cm. Ngoko ke uya kufumana isithsaba esininzi kunye neqabunga lazo. Ngentyatyambo ye-yucca, ukunakekelwa ngeli xesha kuyancitshiswa ukunkcenkceshela ngaphambi kokuba umhlaba umile. Phula i-trunk enegrey okanye amalahle.
Izifo ze-yucca
Izimbangela eziphambili zezifo ezininzi zeentyatyambo ziyisela kakhulu kunye ne-hypothermia yeengcambu. Ukuphuhliswa kwefungi kupheliswa yilungiselelo lokuhambisa amanzi kunye nokutshala kwezityalo kwihlabathi elikhanyayo, ukulungiswa kwexesha lomhlaba. Ukususela kwiintsholongwane umthi we-yucca ungaphathwa nge-fungicides- "Previcurus", "Phytosporin". Silandela ukubunjwa komhlaba, i-acidity eqinile okanye i-alkalinity iholela ekufeni kwehlathi.
Ukuba kukho izibonakaliso zezifo (i-sagging kunye no-blackening yamagqabi), i-trunk ichithwa emhlabathini, i-rootlets ebolile iyanqunyulwa, isityalo sinyanyiswe kwi-fungicides ("Maxim"). Ukushiya amaqabunga ekukhanyeni okungahambi kakuhle, ngoko kufuneka udlulise i-yucca kufuphi nefestile okanye wenze uguqulelo. Ukuqhaqha kwamagqabi kunye nebhubhu ivela ehlotyeni ukusuka ekushiseni okanye xa ukhula intyatyambo ecaleni kwebhetri.