I-kiwi ikhula njani?

U-Kiwis wabonakala kwimarike yethu malunga namashumi amabini edlulileyo kwaye ekuqaleni wabangela ukudideka. Ekubeni, ekuqaleni, iziqhamo zazingekho zodidi oluphezulu kwaye ziselula, abantu abazange baqonde into enhle malunga nale "misonto ye-shaggy" enzima. Namhlanje i-kiwi ithengiswa kuyo yonke indawo, sele iphelile ukuba ingabonakaliyo, kwaye wonke umntu uyazi malunga neqhelo layo elingaqhelekanga kodwa elithandekayo kwaye, ngokubalulekayo, izakhiwo zalo ezincedo.

Kodwa ezinye iinkalo, nangona kunjalo, ziyaqhubeka ziyimfihlakalo ekungaqondakali. Ngokomzekelo, imithombo ethile ithi i-kiwi ayikho kodwa umphumo wentshukumo yomsebenzi wabalimi, i-hybrid ye-gooseberry kunye ne-strawberries. Inkolelo engummangaliso, kodwa eqhelekileyo, kodwa ukuze sikwazi ukuyikhupha, siya kukuxelela indlela kwaye i-kiwi ikhula ngayo.

Inkcazo

Enyanisweni, isityalo, esikhula isiqhamo esimnandi, sithiwa nzima kakhulu - actinidia isiTshayina okanye ukutya okuthakazelisayo. Igama eliqhelekileyo ngoku-kiwi, linamabali anomdla kakhulu. Inyaniso kukuba ukubonakala kwesiqhamo kubonakala njengomzimba wenyoni enye - i-oval efanayo kunye ne-soft fluff. Ukongezelela, inkampani yokuqala yokurhweba, evelise isivuno se-anemone ekuthengiseni ixabiso, yabizwa ngokuba yiloo ntaka. Ngaloo ndlela, eli gama, ngokubanzi, alinanto inxulumene ne-botany, ngokuqinisekileyo "ikhule" kwiziqhamo.

U-Actinidia ungumthi onamandla onjenge-liana, ofuna ukuxhaswa, kuba ukuphakama kwawo kuya kufinyelela kuma-20-25 m. Amaqabunga ayo ashintsha umbala ngexesha lehlobo lehlobo: umbala ungabonakala ube mhlophe, uhlaza kumnyama kwaye uphelele kakhulu. Iziqhamo kuwo zihlangene.

Iphi i-kiwi ikhula phi?

I-motherland ka-Actinidia yiShayina, njengoko igama libonisa, iChina namanye amazwe ase-Asia. Ngenkulungwane yokuqala yekhulu lama-20, kwaziswa eNew Zealand njengento yezityalo kwaye, njengoko kwavela, isimo sezulu sale siqithi sasilungele. Kwakukho apho ababeleli bexesha lokuqala bavelisa iintlobo ze-actinal-bigal actinia, ezinika iziqhamo ze-kiwi, esizijwayele ngayo, zilinganisa i-75-100 g.

Ngoku isiqhamo sisasazwa kwakhona kwi-Abkhazia, e-Indonesia, e-Italy naseChile. Kwaye kufumaneka izityalo eziseGeorgia, kumanxweme oLwandle oluMnyama naseKrasnodar Territory.

Iimeko zokukhulisa iikwi kwindawo evulekile

Ehlabathini evulekile, izityalo ze-kiwi zingakhula kuphela kwindawo ephantsi komhlaba - uthanda ukufudumala, ukukhanya okuhle kunye nomswakama ophezulu. Kwezinye iimeko zemozulu, ukulima kwesi sityalo kuyavunyelwa, kodwa kuphela ngenjongo yokuhlobisa - njengoko kuvela, ibekezelela ixesha elibusika kakuhle.

Ngaphambi kokutyala, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwindawo yokukhethwa kwendawo. Kulungile ukuba indawo edibeneyo, ikhuselekile emoyeni ngomoya onokukhawuleza, ococekileyo ongekho-carbonate ongenamdla.

Ukukhulisa i-kiwi inokuvela kwimbewu kunye neentsholongwane zezityalo, ezahlukana ngexesha lokutsalwa kwezihlobo zezityalo. Ukuqulunqwa kwemigangatho kuyenziwa kangangoko kwiimeko zendawo yokugcina i-greenhouse kwi-humidity ephakamileyo, kwaye kwindawo engasigxina yokutshala izityalo ezinqambileyo entwasahlobo.

Ukukhula kwi ekhaya

Ukutyala nokunyamekela i-kiwi kunokwenzeka kwaye ekhaya. Indlela kuphela yokukhula iikwi ekhaya ivela kwimbewu . Kufuneka bahlukane ukusuka kwintambo yesithelo esivuthiweyo, kuxutywe ngentlabathi emanzi kwaye bafakwe kwiqondo lokushisa lika-0 ° C iintsuku ezili-14. ke imbewu kunye nesihlabathi zifakwe kwiingxowa kunye nomlambo kunye nomhlaba onomsoco kwaye ubambathe ngeglasi. Imbewu kufuneka ihlaziywe rhoqo kwaye emva kweveki ezi-3, kuza kuvela amahlumela okuqala.

Emva kokuba amahlumela afinyelele ku-8 cm, anokutsalwa kwiindawo ezihlukeneyo zomhlaba kwindawo evundileyo kwaye afakwe kwigumbi elinokukhanya okusemgangathweni. Ukususela entwasahlobo ukuya ekwindla, amaminerali kunye nezichumisi eziququzelelweyo kufuneka zizaliswe kabini ngenyanga.

Isityalo esikhulile sakhiwa ngokucoca, ukususa amahlumela athathaka. Ekhaya, iminyaka engama-3-4 emva kokutyala, i-actinidia iqala ukuqhakaza ngeentyantyambo ezimhlophe ezi-5 zamagumbi.