Ngonyaka, i-viral agents of infections respiratory infections ziyaguquka, kwaye ngenxa yoko, izibonakaliso ze-epidemiological zanda. Ngethuba langoku, inani leerekhodi lamatyala awela kumkhuhlane we-2016 - iimpawu kunye nokunyangwa kwale pathology kunzima ukuvela kwemimandla emitsha ye-antigenic engaxhomekeke kumanyathelo okukhusela nokugonya. Ezi ziquka ii-subtypes zeqela le-HIV (i-H1N1, i-H2N2) ne-B.
Ukuthintela nokunyanga kweempawu zokuqala zomkhuhlane 2016
Ngokubhekiselele kwisiphelo se-World Health Organisation, imilinganiselo yonyani yonyani yokuthintela ukugonywa. Kulo nyaka, izitofu zibandakanya iintlobo ezi-3 ezixhaphakileyo zomkhuhlane:
- A / Switzerland / 9715293/2013 (H3N2);
- I-A / California / 7/2009 (H1N1) i-pdm09 yintsholongwane enkulu;
- B / Phuket / 3073/2013.
Nangona kubonakala ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza asebenzayo, basebenza kuphela kuma-80% amatyala, ngoko ke abaphengululi bacebisa ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezongezelelweyo zeyeza.
Ukunyangwa kweempawu zokuqala zentsholongwane ka-2016, kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe ezi zixhobo zilandelayo kwixesha lokunyusa:
- Tamiflu;
- Relenza;
- Tyloron;
- Cycloferon;
- Kagocel;
- Arbidol;
- Ergoferon;
- Ingavirin;
- Anaferon.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba u-Relenza noTamiflu basebenzayo kuphela kwiiyure ezingama-48 zokuqala ngokubonakala kweempawu zokuqala zesifo. Ukuba unyango luqala kamva, kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe amayeza asele eluhlu.
Iimpawu eziphambili kunye nokunyangwa kwe-influenza ngengozi ye-2016
Ngendlela yokukhubazeka yokusebenza kwamagciwane, ukubonakaliswa kweklinikhi yezifo eziphefumulayo zentsholongwane yentsholongwane kungabonakali kakuhle kwaye akufuneki unyango olulodwa.
Kuloo matyala xa kukho uhlobo olunefuthe lwenkqubela, izibonakaliso ezilandelayo zibonakala:
- ukuphakama okukhawulezayo ekushiseni komzimba ngaphezu kwama-38.5 degrees;
- ubuthathaka obunzima nokulala;
- kunciphisa amandla okusebenza;
- ukungcola;
- ukuthuthumela okukhulu;
- photophobia;
- ukuvela kokukhwehlela nokubanda emva kweentsuku ezingama-2-3 ukusuka ekuqaleni kwesi sifo;
- uvakalelo olubuhlungu emva kwe-sternum, kwi-trachea;
- amaqatha amakhulu kunye nezihlunu;
- isicefe
- ubomvu bamehlo, ukukhala;
- intloko;
- uvakalelo obunzima kummandla weengqungquthela ze-superciliary;
- ukuphefumula ukuphefumlelwa;
- ukuphefumula okufutshane.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukubonakalisa ukuxiliswa njengokuxhatshazwa nokuhlengahlengiswa kudibeneyo.
Kuzo zonke iintlobo ze-influenza, i-algorithm enye yonyango iye yaphuhliswa:
- ukuphumla kombhede;
- ukuhamba kwansuku zonke kwegumbi;
- ukucoca kwamanzi rhoqo;
- kusela kakhulu;
- ukutya kunye neengqungquthela zeesobho ezikhanyayo, inyama ebilisiwe, okusanhlamvu, imifuno neziqhamo;
- ukwamkelwa kwamavithamini (i-Supradin, i-Vitrum).
Indlela yokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ukunciphisa imiqondiso ephambili yesifo.
Ukunyanga iimpawu ze-influenza 2016, kusetyenziswa izidakamizwa ezichasayo-i-Paracetamol, i-Ibuprofen kunye nezofana nazo. Banokunciphisa ubunzima beentlungu zesifo, ama-aches kumalungu, ukunciphisa ubushushu bomzimba.
Ukuba kukho imiqondiso eyongezelelweyo (ukukhwehlela, ukuvuvukala kweembrane, umphunga we-runny ), imithi efanelekileyo imiselwe:
- mucolytics;
- antihistamines;
- vasoconstrictor.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba unyango lweempawu eziqhubela phambili luqhutywa kuphela phantsi kweliso lugqirha, kuba i-ARVI ibangele idale iingxaki ezinjenge- pneumonia , otitis kunye ne-sinusitis.
Unyango lweempawu zengculaza kwiinkqubo zabantu base-2016
Iyeza elingaqhelekanga libhekisela kwiyeza elinokoqobo, ukuzama ukuyisebenzisa ukuphilisa iintlobo ezinzima zesifo sengculaza kuyingozi kakhulu.
Izindlela ezilula kunye eziphumelelayo zokunciphisa imiqondiso ye-ARVI:
- Nsuku zonke, sidla i-clove yegalikhi okanye i-anyanisi encinane, unomdla kakhulu.
- Kwamanzi okusela, yongeza ijusi yamanzi (i-1 isipuni kwi lita 1).
- Sebenzisa i-compotes efudumele okanye i-jam ehlanjululwa ngamanzi.
- Esikhundleni seti, thatha i-decoctions ye-herbal esekelwe kwiintyatyambo ze-chamomile, ama-raspberry kunye namaqabunga e-currant, amaqatha.
- Yenza amashishini ashushu amaminithi angama-10.