I-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko - iimpawu kunye nonyango, njani ukunqanda umdlavuza?

Phakathi kwezilwanyana ezinobungozi zenkqubo yokuzala, i-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko ithatha indawo eyahlukileyo. Inxulumene notshintsho kwisakhiwo seeseli, ngoko kunzima ukuxilonga lesi sifo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kufumaneka kwinqanaba elidlulileyo, elichaphazelekayo nokuphuhliswa kweengxaki.

I-dysplasia yesibeleko - yintoni na?

I-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko yinkqubo yesifo, ihamba kunye nokuphulwa kophuhliso lwe-epithelium eplaniliyo kule ndawo. Ngenxa yolu tshintsho, iiseli zilahlekelwa yimihlaba yazo, zidale ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwezicubu ze-epithelial. Oku kungenxa yokuphazamiseka ekugqibeleni i-epithelium. Olu tshintsho kwi-gynecology lubizwa ngokuba yi-hyperplasia.

Ukufumanisa i-dysplasia yesibeleko kunokwenzeka nge-microscopy yesampuli yesisampuli kwisayithi eguquliwe (i-cervical and uterine dysplasia). Isigulane asikwazi ukukrokrela ukuba khona kwakhe ixesha elide. Oku kuchaza ukuxilongwa kwe-hyperplasia ekubhalisweni kwezifo ezibangelwa ngumzimba. Ukubonakala kweeseli ezise-epylial kwi-tisti ye-epithelial yomlomo wesibeleko kubangelwa ukuba kuhlolwe uviwo olupheleleyo.

Yintoni eyingozi yengqondo yedysplasia?

Ingozi ebalulekileyo yesi sifo ingozi enkulu yokugula-ukuguga komhlaza. I-dysplasia ebonakalayo yomlomo wesibeleko isoloko iphendukela kwi-noncoprocess. Ubunokwenzeka bokuphuhlisa olo bunzima buxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

1. Amanyathelo enkqubo ye-pathological - eyona mgangatho wesifo, umngcipheko wokuguga.
2. Ubudala bomguli. Xa i-dysplasia ithintela inkqubo yokuzala yabasetyhini abaselula, abaneminyaka engama-25-35 ubudala, kukho ubunzima ekukhethweni kwindlela yokwelapha. Ukuze kugcinwe umsebenzi wokuzala, oogqirha abayicwangcisi unyango olwenziwe ngonyango, kwaye ingozi yokuqhubela phambili kwentsholongwane yanda kakhulu.
3. Izifo ezihambelanayo zesistim sokuzala - izifo ezingapheliyo kunye neenkqubo ezivuthayo kwi-uterus zihlala zihamba kunye neenguqu kwi-epithelium yomlomo wesibeleko, ibe yindlela yokwenza intuthuko ye-hyperplasia
4. Ukukhawuleza kokuqala kwenkqubo yokwelapha - emva koko ukufumanisa i-dysplasia kubangela umngcipheko omkhulu wobuhlungu.

I-dysplasia ye-colervical - degree

Esi sifo siphuhlisa kancane. Kuogqirha bakhe banamhlanje bahlukanisa amazinga amathathu. Inqaku ngalinye lilandelayo:

• iziphumo ze- biopsy ;
• ulwazi lweemviwo ze-hertological (ukuhlolwa kwesakhiwo, i-morphology yeeseli) ze-mucosa yomlomo wesibeleko.

Kuxhomekeke kwiinguqu ezitshintshiweyo, kuyinto yesiko ukuhlukanisa oku kulandelwa kwezi zifo:

• i-dysplasia elula yomlomo wesibeleko (i-degree degree);
• i-moderation (2 degree);
• ezinzima (isiqendu sesithathu).

I-dysplasia yesibeletho ye-1 degree

I-dysplasia yokukhanya okanye i-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko se-degree ye-1 ibonakaliswe yinkqubo ephuculweyo yokuphindaphinda kweeseli zesiseko se-epallium flat. Iingqimba zomhlaba aziguquli isakhiwo sazo: i-microscopy yabo ayibonakalisi utshintsho oluthile. Isakhiwo sihambelana ngokupheleleyo nesiqhelo, utshintsho lwezolimo alubhalwanga. Utshintsho luboniswa kwi-1/3 yobungakanani beethambo. Eli nqanaba lilungiswe kakuhle kwiyeza.

I-dysplasia yesibeleko ye-2 degree

I-dysplasia yesibeletho ye-2 degree ihambelana nokusasazeka kwezakhiwo zamaselula ze-basal kunye neengqungquthela ze-epithelium yomlomo wesibeleko. Kukho ukuphazanyiswa kokubeka: kwezinye iindawo zeeseli zesisundu zecala elikufutshane lingabonwa. Oku kuqinisekisiwe nge-microscopy. Ngovavanyo olucokisekileyo lwendawo echaphazelekayo, oogqirha balungiselela umzobo kwisakhiwo soluhlu lwendawo. Kule nqanaba yesifo, i-2/3 ye-epithelium yonke yomlomo wesibeleko ibandakanyeka kwinkqubo yokugula.

I-dysplasia yesibeleko yesigaba sesithathu

Isibonakaliso sokuxilongwa kwe-dysplasia yesibeleko yesigaba sesithathu kukutshatyalaliswa kwazo zonke izigaba ze-multilayer epithelium. Xa kuqhutywe ukuxilongwa ngokungafani kwenkqubo ye-pathological, amangqamuzana amaninzi e-atypical atholakala kwi-tissue epithelial ngokwayo. Zineendlela ezahlukileyo, kwaye isakhiwo sazo sahluke kwizinto eziphilayo. Uluhlu olungapheliyo lwe-epithelium lunesakhiwo esiqhelekileyo. Ukuba akukho nonyango efunekayo, umngcipheko wokuguguzwa ngumhlaza ungaphezulu kwe 90%.

Iimbangela ze-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko

Iimbangela ze-dysplasia zidla ngenxa yezinto ezininzi. Le nyaniso inyanzelisa inkqubo yokuxilonga kwaye idinga ukuhlalutya okuninzi. Phakathi kwezi zinto eziphambili:

1. Ipapillomavirus yabantu. Eli arhente elikhuselayo linako ukuphazamisa inkqubo yokuzala, kubangele i- herpes yomzimba . Esi sifo, ngenxa yento ebalulekileyo yentsholongwane, i-membrane ye-mucous ye-cervix ichaphazelekayo, ekhokelela ekutshintsheni kwisakhiwo sayo seselula.
2. Ukulimala kwimizimba yomlomo wesibeleko. Imisebenzi kwinkqubo yokuzala, ukukhutshwa rhoqo, ubukho bokukhupha isisu kwi-anamnesis buvame ukukhupha isishwankathelo kwisillu se-epithelium yomlomo wesibeleko. Kwakhona, ukulimala kusebenze iinkqubo zokuvuselelwa, apho ukwahlukana kweseli kuphuculiswa. Ukuba inkqubo iyahambelana nokuphulwa kommandla wendawo, ukunyuka kwe-dysplasia kuyanda.
3. Iinkqubo ezivuthayo ezingapheliyo. Ukuvuvukala ixesha elide kukhokelela ekuhlaziyweni kwakhona kwe-epithelium, ehambelana nokuphulwa komzimba wokhuseleko, ingozi eyongeziweyo ye-dysplasia.
4. Ukungaphumeleli kweHormonal. Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo ye-hormonal inokuhamba kunye nokuhlanganiswa okuphezulu kwee-hormone zesini. Ngaphantsi kweempembelelo zabo kukhula ukwanda kwee-tissue ze-uterine, ngenxa yoko kunye nokuvelisa i-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko.
5. Iinkqubo ezithintekayo kwinkqubo yokuzala. Izifundo ezenziwa oogqirha zibonise ingozi enkulu ye-dysplasia phambi kosuleleko lweenkqubo zokuzala. I-Trichomoniasis , i-gonorrhea, i- chlamydia ziqhelana nezifo zesi sifo.

I-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko - iimpawu

Isi sifo asibonakali ixesha elide. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abafazi bafunda malunga nokuhlolwa kweprophylactic, ukuhlolwa kweenkqubo zesifo somzimba ngenxa yobukho bezinye izifo. Iimpawu ze-dysplasia ye-cervix ayifumanekanga, ngoko ke ingabhalwa kwezinye izifo zentsholongwane. Ugqirha loogqirha lwe-pathology ezifana ne-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko inokwenzeka xa ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliswa:

1. Ubuhlungu kwindawo yokuhluma, kwisithathu esezantsi kwesisu. Kubonakala ngokuqhubela phambili kwentsholongwane kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo: ukugubha, ukunqabisa, ukudonsa.
2. Ukukhutshwa kwamathambo kwi-vagina. Ngokuqhelekileyo unomdla wegazi kwaye awunxulumene nokuya esikhathini. Xa i-arhente echaphazelayo idibeneyo, kukho ukwanda kweemfihlo, utshintsho ekuhambeni kwazo.
3. Ukomeleza ukuhamba kwimihla, ukwandisa ixesha lokuya esikhathini.
4. Ukwanda kwindlubhiso yomzimba kwenzeka kuphela xa inkqubo yokuvuvukala emlonyeni wesibeleko ifakwe.

I-Dysplasia yesibeleko - Ukuchonga

I-dysplasia yesibeleko ifunyaniswa nezi zilandelayo zifundo:

1. Uvavanyo lwe-Schiller kukufunyanwa kwamacandelo e-epithelium eplaslium eplastiki emininzi.
2. Uvavanyo lwe-PAP - i-microscopy ye-smear ethathwe kwintsholongwane, kunye nencazelo yesakhiwo, uhlobo kunye nenani leeseli.
3. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Colposcopy ye-membrane ye-mucous entanyeni nge-microscope enyuka kakhulu.
4. Uvavanyo lukaDajin - ukufunyanwa kwigazi lomguli weengcezu ze-DNA yegciwane le-papilloma, edlalisa i-dysplasia.

Ngokuxilongwa "kwe-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko," i-biopsy ayenziwanga kuphela ukuseka imbangela yokukhubazeka, kodwa kwakhona ukuvavanya isakhiwo seeseli. Ukunyanzelisa kwenziwa ngokujoliswe kuyo: kunye necandelo elitshintshileyo lomlomo wesibeleko, ugqirha uthatha isampuli yesishu, esino-microscopized. Ngokwemeko yenguqu, umntu unokugweba isigaba senkqubo ye-pathological, ukubaluleka kwayo.

I-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko

Ngaphambi kokunyanga i-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko, oogqirha baqhuba uviwo olunzulu lwesigulane. Injongo yalo kukubona isizathu, esiye saba yindlela yokuqalisa isifo. Emva kokuxilongwa kwe-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko, oogqirha banqume indlela yokunyanga kwesi sifo becinga izinto ezibangele ukugula. Amanyathelo ezonyango aphunyezwa oogqirha ajoliswe ku:

• ukucotha inkqubela ye-dysplasia;
• ukususwa kwee-tissue sites;
• ukupheliswa kokuphindaphinda.

Unyango lwe-dysplasia yomlomo wesixokelelwano nge-wave wave

Ukunyangwa kwe-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko ngamaza emsakazo kwenziwa kwimeko yokugula. Inkqubo ibonakaliswe njenge-atraumatic - ixesha lokubuyiselwa lixesha elifutshane, ukubunjwa kwebala emva kokuphilisa kungabandakanywa. Ingundoqo yolu buchule lusetyenziso lwamaza omsakazo olunezinga eliphezulu (3.8-4 MHz), apho unqumle ongathintana naye.

Ngexesha leseshoni yokwelapha, akukho nto ibuhlungu ngayo i-myometrium, ngoko isigulane asiva buhlungu. Imfuno ye-anesthesia kule nkqubo ayikho. Ulwaphulo lwe-radio wavey dysplasia luboniswa xa:

1. Xa wenza i-colposcopy kwi-cervix yesibeleko, isicatshulwa se-epithelial tissue safunyanwa ngokusasaza kummandla wesibeleko.
2. I-Dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko se-2-3 degree, ephantsi kweziphumo zovavanyo lwe-PAP, ibonakala.
3. Kukho isifo somhlaza esifumaneka kwi-cytology.

Unyango lwe-dysplasia yesibeleko nge laser

Inkqubo entsha malunga nokunyangwa kwesi sifo, isiphumo sayo esibonakalayo emva kwenkqubo. Ngolu hlobo lwenyango, ugqirha wenza i-cauterization ye-dysplasia yesibeleko usebenzisa i-laser ibhambeka njengesixhobo. Ngaphambi kokuba kuqhutywe, ukunyaniseka kwimizila ye-radiation kukhethwe, ukungena kwe-penetration kunqunywe, ngokwezinga lesifo.

Inkqubo ibelwe ekuqaleni komjikelezo wesini. Usuku lwesi-5-7 lixesha elifanelekileyo kulo. Ngaphambi kokuba unyango lo mfazi uhamba nge-colposcopy, unikeza i-smear kwi-cytology. Ngokweziphumo zezi zifundo, ugqirha ugqiba umlinganiselo wonyango, ubeka indawo echanekileyo yommandla wesibeleko ochaphazelekayo. Iqhenqa ngokwayo ihlala imizuzu eyi-15-20. Ukuzaliswa kwama-tissue we-uterine kuqhubeka kwiiveki ezi-4-6. Ngexesha lokubuyiselwa, izazi zonyango zicebisa:

1. Ungazibandakanyi ukulala ngesondo ngosuku lokuqala lwe-1-14.
2. Musa ukuhlamba okufudumeleyo, ungavumi ukutyelela i-sauna, iibhagi, i-solarium.
3. Umlinganiselo wokuzilolonga.

I-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko - unyango olunyango

Unyango oluphandwayo lubonakaliswe kwi-dysplasia enamandla. Imbopheleleko yinto yokuqala ye-cytology, injongo yaloo nto ukukhuphela inkqubo ye-oncological kunye nokuchonga isigaba sesifo. Xa besenza unyango, oogqirha basebenzisa ubugcisa beendawo ezicaceleyo zeethambo ze-epithelial entanyeni kunye nesakhiwo esilungisiwe. Kubizwa ngokuba ngabagqirha njengendlela yokukhonjiswa komlomo wesibeleko (kunye ne-grade 3 dysplasia yindlela ebalulekileyo yokonyango). Ngethuba lokusebenza, oogqirha basusa inxalenye yentsimbi yeentamo zesimo esifane nesakhi.

I-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko - isalathisi

Ukugxekwa kwale hlobo lokukhubazeka kuxhomekeke kwi:

• ixesha lokufumanisa izifo;
• ubudala somguli;
• ubukho beengxaki ezidibeneyo kwinkqubo yokuzala.

Ngoko ke, xa umfazi efunyaniswa ukuba ene-dysplasia yomlomo wesi-1 degree, isalathiso siyakuthandeka. Ukunokwenzeka kokufumana ngokupheleleyo ngaphezu kwama-90%. Nangona kunjalo, ukufumanisa i-dysplasia kwi-2 ne-3 yesigaba sesigxina kubangelwa ukuhlaselwa komhlaza. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, unyango olungagqirha aluyikufaka kwakhona ukuphindaphinda, okubonakalayo kwi-40-55% yamatyala esi sifo.

I-dysplasia yesibeleko kunye nokukhulelwa

Ubungqina beli pathologi akukona ukuphikisana nokuzala umntwana xa kuqala. Ukuphulwa ngokwawo akuchaphazeli iinkqubo zokuphuhliswa kwe-intrauterine yentsana, ayikuphazamisi nokusebenza kwepentecenta. Ukongezelela, ukukhulelwa akunyanzeli le nkqubo ye-pathological, ayinakuyithintela. Ukubona i-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko ekukhulelweni kukubonakalisa ukujonga okugulisa isigulane.

Ngomlinganiselo osemgangathweni we-dysplasia, oogqirha babala i-colposcopy . Ukuphononongwa kwakhona kuqhutyelwa emva kokuziswa. Xa kukho ukukrokra kwe-dysplasia enamandla, i-biopsy ejoliswe kuyo ingacetywa-ngaphandle kokubi. Xa ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswa, i-colposcopy iphindwa rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintathu, de kube kuzalwa. Emva kokunikezelwa, ukungenelela okutyathwayo kunqunywe.