Ukugxininisa kubantwana - kubangele unyango kunye neendlela ezilungileyo

Ukubethelela kubantwana, izizathu kunye nokunyangwa kweengxaki zangempela kwiintsapho ezininzi, ngokuqhelekileyo ziqala ukuvela kwiminyaka engama-2 ukuya ku-5, xa intetho isungulwa ngokusisiseko. Esi siphene sibonakaliswe ukuphulwa kwesigqibo esilungileyo senkulumo, itempo, ikhefu elingenakuzikhethela ngexesha lokubhala iingcamango, ukuphindaphinda kwezandi, izandi okanye iileta.

Ukunyamezela kubantwana kubangela

Ekubeni kukho ukuphazamiseka kwentetho kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumanisa ukuba kutheni umntwana ehlawula, nangona kunjalo kwiimeko ezininzi kungelula. Okokuqala, kuyafaneleka ukuqonda ukuba ukuphambuka okunjalo kubangelwa yi-pathology yezixhobo zentetho, kodwa ngokuphula umthetho kwinkqubo yesantya. Kuye kwaqulunqwa ukuba abafana bahlala bengenasiphelo, kwaye malunga ne-1% yabantu abadala bahlushwa ukubetha okuqhubekayo ebuntwaneni.

Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokugxininisa kubantwana, izizathu kunye nonyango oluthile oluhlukileyo:

• ukuguquka okuqhubekayo okunxulumene nokuxhatshazwa kweempawu;
• ukuqhutywa komsebenzi okanye ukunyanzelisa, apho ukudumala kwemizimba yokuphefumula, izidumbu ezincinci zenzeke.

Ukuba umntwana waqala ukukhwaza, ezi zinto zilandelayo zingayikhupha:

• ukuxhatshazwa;
• ukutshatyalaliswa kwezinto ezinobuthi ngexesha lokukhulelwa (ukutshaya, izingozi zomsebenzi, ukutyhefuza ngegesi ezinobuthi, njl.);
• izifo zengqondo;
• i-hypoxia yobusana ;
• ukuhanjiswa kwangethuba;
• Izifo ezithintekayo zesifo sengqondo (encephalitis, meningitis, njl);
• intlungu;
• Ukwesaba okukhawuleza (ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kweenja, ukuziphatha okungonelanele kwabazali, ukubukela ifilimu yokukrakra, njl.);
• umthwalo wokusebenza ogqithiseleyo wezinto zokufundisa ukususela kwiminyaka yobudala;
• ukuhlaziya i-forcible yokuhamba kwesokunxele;
• ukulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni kwentetho ngenxa yokungabikho kolwazi, ukungabikho kwengqalelo;
• Utshintsho oluthile kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo ngobuninzi obunomdla womntwana (ukuhamba, ukuhambela kwelinye iziko lemfundo, ukuhlukanisa abazali, njl.)
• imfuza.

Umntwana waqala ukugubha - wenzeni?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ingxaki iyalala yedwa njengoko umntwana ekhula, kodwa ungathembeli kwinqaba kunye nokuchitha ixesha elixabisekileyo, kuba kwisigaba sokuqala, iziphene zentetho zikwazi ukulungiswa ngokulula. Oku kubandakanyeka kwiimeko apho umntwana engqongqo, ehamba kunye nokunyuka kwengqondo, kukho iingxaki ekufundiseni, ekunxibelelaneni, ekuchaphazela ukuphuhliswa ngokupheleleyo.

Umtsalane womntwana - ugqirha ukuba afake isicelo?

Uvavanyo lwezingane ezixubhayo luqhutyelwa oogqirha beemfuno ezithile:

• i-neurologist - iya kunceda ukuseka uhlobo lwesifo, unike iiphononongo ezifunekayo ukuvavanya imeko yengqondo kunye nenkqubo ye-nervous system (rheoencephalography, electroencephalography, i-MRI yengqondo, njl.);
• isazi sengqondo - siza kubonelela ukuba kunokwenzeka ingqondo-yengqondo, iziganeko ezixinzelelekayo ezibangele iphosakelo;
• Iingcali zempilo-ngokusebenzisa iimvavanyo ezizodwa ziza kugqiba ubunjani kunye nobukhulu bokukhathazeka kwentetho, ihlola isixhobo sokuthetha;
• ootitshala bezingane - uya kuseka izinga lokuphuhliswa kwengqondo nangokwengqondo kwengqondo yomntwana, kwakunye neenkcukacha zezi mpawu kwiimimiselo zexesha.

Uphando ngalunye lwezodwa u-anamnesis, ufumanisa apho kwaye phantsi kweemeko zithini. Isigulana esincinci kufuneka senze uvavanyo lokuvavanya, uviwo lwe-lexico-grammatic part of speech. Iziphazamiso ezidibeneyo zichongiwe, ukuba zeziphi iingxaki ezinokuthi zifumaneke. Ukongezelela, kufuneka ukuba ukwazi ukuba umntwana ngokwakhe ubhekisela njani ekuphambukeni kwakhe.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuphilisa i-stutter kumntwana?

Xa sele ufumene ukuba umntwana uhlalutya, awukwazi ukusigxotha isisombululo seengxaki, kufuneka uqale unyango uze uqiniswe. Musa ukusebenzisa unyango, tk. Ngaphandle kokuchaza uhlobo lweengxaki zentetho kunye nemibandela echukumisayo, umntu unokunyusa nje imeko. Abazali abanokubetha komntwana, kufuneka udale imithetho yabo yokunxibelelana naye, ulungise indlela yokuphila, ukuziphatha kwabo, ukwenzela ukudala iimeko ezilungeleyo ukuba umntwana aphilise. Nazi iziphakamiso eziphambili:

• ukugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla, ukutya, ukulala nokuphumla;
• ukugcina ukuzola kwimozulu kwintsapho;
• ukucima umntwana ekusebenziseni okusemgangathweni, izinto ezixinzelelekileyo;
• ukukhutshwa kwemidlalo yekhompyutha, ukubukela iTV rhoqo;
• Awukwazi ukugxeka umntwana ngegama elingafanelekanga, ulungelelanise intetho yakhe, ukuhleka, njl.;
• uthetha nomntwana, kufuneka ukhangele intetho yakho, engafanele ikhawuleze, icace, ihlaziye;
• Ingane kufuneka ibe njalo ngokusemandleni kwiqela lezingane.

Unyango lokubetha kubantwana

Indlela yokuphatha ukubetha kwabantwana kunye naluphi na indlela, ichongiwe ngabanye kwiimeko ezithile. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukubetha kubantwana, izibangela kunye nokunyanga okungafaniyo, kufuna indlela edibeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanyathelo okwelapha, iinkqubo ze-physiotherapy, ukunyanga kwamazwi, unyango lwe-psychotherapeutic, iinkqubo zeekhompyutheni ezizodwa, njl.

I-gymnastics yokuphefumula ngokubetha kubantwana - ukuzilolonga

Xa umntwana ekhwaza, yintoni enokuyenza, ugqirha uya kuxela emva kokusebangela izizathu kunye nezifo ezihamba nazo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ama-satellites of convulsions are the weakness of muscle and break breathing, for the adjustment of which breathing exercises exercises are used when stammering in children. Ukusebenza okunzima kunceda ukubeka umoya, ukuphucula igazi kwiinkonzo.

Makhe siqwalasele ezinye iindlela zokuzilolonga:

1. Ukuma ngezandla zakho phantsi, bhonqa phambili, wenze umva wakho uze ujikeleze. Ekupheleni kwentlambo yenza umoya ovakalayo, vuka uphume.
2. Ukuma ngokuchanekileyo, ukugoba iingalo zakho kwiingqungquthela uze uzibeke phantsi, kwaye uvule izandla zakho phezulu. Kwi-inhalation, fakela intendelezo ibe yimpu, ungagcini kwi-exhaust.
3. Ukuma ngokuthe tye, iinyawo ezibubanzi begxa. Gxininisa intloko yakho ngakwesobunxele, uze uye ngasekunene, ucindezele indlebe yakho ehlombe lakho nokuphefumula ngexesha elifanayo. Jonga ngqo.

Izifundo zezingane ezixubhayo

Ukugxininisa kwabantwana kulungelelaniswe ukulungiswa kwindlela yokwenza izinto, kuquka:

• ukuphumula kwemizimba;
• zokuzilolonga;
• kucula;
• umdlalo kwiixhobo zomculo ezilula.

Ukongezelela, kunceda ukufunda izangqisho ngesigqi esicacileyo, ulwimi oluthile, ukwenza amabali kwiphepha lemifanekiso. Zonke iiklasi zigcinwe ngendlela edlalwayo, kwiindawo ezinobulungisa. Iinkqubo zokuphelisa ukuxubha ziquka ukuhamba rhoqo kweeklasi, inkcenkceshe yokuhamba ngemisebenzi.

Ukuhlambalaza ngokubetha kubantwana

Xa usombulula le ngxaki, oogqirha bancoma ukuba uhlambulule ibhinqa lehlombe kunye nommandla wekolesi ukuze uphumule, uphephe izidumbu. Iiseshoni zibanjwe kane ngonyaka, izifundo ze-10-12. Emva kokuba uqhube ikhosi yokuqala yokusilalisa kunye neengcali kunye nokucwangcisa ubuchule obuphambili bokuxilisa, kunokwenzeka kwakhona ukuphatha ukubetha kwabantwana ekhaya. IiNzuzo kwaye ivelise i-pointage massage eneempembelelo kwiingongoma ezisebenzayo kwindawo yobuso nangemva.

Ukunyangwa kweziyobisi zokubetha kubantwana

Ukuchaza indlela yokuphilisa ukunyamezela komntwana ngokumalunga nesifo sobunzima beengqondo okanye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, oogqirha banika imithi. Ezi zinokulungiselela amacandelo alandelayo:

• i-tranquilizers (Mebikar);
• i-anticonvulsant (i-Phenibut, i-Epileptal);
• i-antispasmodics ( Midokalm , Amizil);
• i-nootropic ( Actovegin , iPiracetam);
• ukuphucula (i-valerian, i-motherwort).