Izifo ze-venereal zixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwabantu beminyaka yobudala. Le yindlela ebalulekileyo yokudluliselwa kwesulelo-ngokwesondo. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, usulelo luyakwenzeka kwindawo yokuqhagamshelana kunye nekhaya.
Ziziphi izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo?
Izifo ezithunyelwa ngesondo, kuyinto yesiko ukubiza i-venereal ngozuko loothixokazi wothando lukaVenus. Kwimichiza, esetyenziswa rhoqo kunye nesinye isishwankathelo -I-STI (intsholongwane, ngokugqithiseleyo ngesondo). Ingakumbi ibonakalisa iindlela zokusulela: isifo sidlula kumntu ukuya kumntu ngesondo, kodwa kwezinye izifo, ezinye iinketho zinokwenzeka.
Kwiyeza, isalathiso esahlukileyo sabiwe - venereology - isayensi ejongene nokuhlola izifo ezithunyelwa ngezocansi. Oogqirha abaqhuba amanyathelo okuthintela ezi zifo badla ngokuba yi-venereologists. Ezi ngcali zijongene nokunyanga i-pathologies kwinkqubo yokuzala kubini amadoda nabasetyhini.
Izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo zidluliselwa njani?
Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, ukusuleleka kwisifo se-venereal kwenzeka ngesondo esingakhuselekanga. Kule meko, indlela yokuphinda iqhele ngokuqhelekileyo inquma uhlobo oluthile lwe-pathology, indawo yokubonakalisa kwayo. Ukudluliselwa kunokwenzeka nangaluphi na uhlobo loqhagamshelwano, ulwabelana ngesondo kunye nobungqingili. Umngcipheko wosuleleko ukwandisa kakhulu kwiqela lezesondo, ukungabikho kwemithi yokukhulelwa komzimba.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukusuleleka kwisifo se-venereal kungenzeka ngaphandle koqhagamshelwano lwezesondo. Ukukhulelwa kubakho ngokuthintana ngokusondeleyo kunye nesigulane okanye umphathiswa, isifo sezesondo ezibandakanya izitho zangasese, umlomo, i-rectum. I-ejenti yokukhusela, ukufumana i-mucosa yalezi zitho, ingena kwigazi, emva koko isifo sifana nesimo sempawu.
Izifo zesondo - iintlobo
Kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-pathogen, kungokwesiko ukuhlukanisa ezi zilandelayo zifo zezifo zenyama:
- Izifo zesifo socansi. Ezi zifo ziquka i-pathologies ezicatshiswa ngama-microorganism: i-syphilis, i-gonorrhea, i-chlamydia, i-ureaplasmosis, i-mycoplasmosis.
- Izifo zoSondo eziNtsholongwane. I-pathogen ine-extracellular organization (intsholongwane), inyuse ukukhusana. Phakathi kwezifo zolu hlobo: i-HPV, i-herpes yomzimba, i-HIV.
- Ukuxhaphazwa ngokwesondo. Ezi ziquka i-pubic pediculosis (i-ficracy), i-scabi.
Izifo zesondo - uludwe
I-Venerology ichaza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezifo, indlela eyona nto yokudlulisa isondo. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye ziqabile kangangokuba oogqirha abazi ngokuba khona. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngezinye iimeko izifo zengqondo zendawo zizimisele ukuhlala - zenzeka kwiimeko ezithile zemozulu, kumazwe. Phakathi kwezilwanyana eziqhelekileyo, kuyimfuneko ukuhlula oku kuhlaselwa ngokwesondo:
- gonorrhea ;
- i-syphilis;
- chancre esithambileyo;
- chlamydia ;
- venereal lymphogranuloma ;
- iitalpes zomzimba;
- trichomoniasis ;
- papillomavirus yabantu.
Ziziphi izifo ezona ziyingozi kakhulu?
Iziganeko zokubangela izifo ze-venereal zifake egazini kwaye zisasazeka kuwo wonke umzimba, zichaphazela ezinye izitho. Ukuqaliswa kokunyanga okungafunekiyo kukukhokelela ekuphuhliseni iifomu ezingapheliyo, umonakalo omkhulu kumzimba. Nangemva kwenkqubo yeyeza kunye nokunyamalala kweempawu ze-pathology, ukuphuhliswa kweengxaki zentsholongwane ye-venereal inokwenzeka. Ngenxa yoko, izigulane zinyanzeliswa ukuba zibone ugqirha kwixesha elithile, zihlolwe ngezikhathi ezithile.
Emva kokutshatyalaliswa kwezifo zesini kunye neziphumo ezilandelayo:
- izifo ezingapheliyo zokuvuvukala kwamalungu omzimba;
- ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi wokuzala;
- ukungabikho .
Kwezinye iimeko, ukusuleleka kwinkqubo yokuzala kunokukhokelela kwisifo esifana nesarcoma ye-venereal. Le ntsholongwane ibonakaliswe kwinkqubo ye-oncological kwinkqubo yokuzala, okokuqala kuchaphazela isondo sezesondo. Ngokuphuma kwegazi, amangqamuzana omhlaza asasazeka kuwo wonke umzimba, okubangele ukubunjwa kweemitha zesifo kwezinye izitho kunye neenkqubo.
Izibonakaliso zezifo ezithathelwana ngesondo
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubukho besifo se-venereal sinokucingwa ngesiseko seempawu. Nangona kunjalo, ezininzi iintsholongwane zesondo zinexesha elide (latent), xa umntu engakhathazeki. Le nyaniso iyanzima kakhulu inkqubo yokuxilonga, ukulibazisa ukuqaliswa kweyeza. Phakathi kwezibonakaliso ezibonakalayo zilandelayo zibonakaliso zezifo ezithathelwana ngesondo:
- ukwanda kwexesha lokuhamba;
- ukubonakala kwentlungu xa uchama;
- uvakalelo olubuhlungu ngexesha lokulala;
- ukukhutshwa kwindlela yomzimba;
- ukubonakala kokukhawuleza kwizitho zangasese;
- i-hyperemia ye-mucosa yomzimba;
- ukuvuvukala kwezitho zesini;
- ukubonakala kwegazi kumchamo;
- Iphunga elimnandi kwiindawo zokulima.
Izifo zengxowankulu kumadoda
Izifo ze-Venereal, iimpawu zazo zikhankanywe ngasentla, ziqheleke kakhulu kumadoda ekudala. Ukwandiswa komsebenzi wesondo, ubukho bamaqabane amaninzi, ukuxhamla okungahleliwe kwandisa umngcipheko wosulelo lwezesondo. Kufanelekile ukuba sicinge ukuba ikhondom ayiqinisekisi ngokupheleleyo ukukhuselwa, kodwa yanciphisa amathuba okutshatyalaliswa kosulelo. Ngokubhekiselele kwimpawu, zinokubonakala ngathi emva kwexesha kubafazi.
Oku kubangelwe kwizinto ezikhethiweyo zesakhiwo senkqubo yokuzala. I-ureth kwisini esomeleleyo isinde kwaye ininzi igoba, ngoko i-genitourinary system ikhuselekile ekubeni i-pathogens ephuma ngaphandle. Ezi zixhobo zichaza ukuba ukusuleleka kwezesondo kumadoda kudla ukufihla. Imbonakalo ebalulekileyo yezifo ezithathelwana ngesondo zibandakanya:
- intlungu, ukutshisa nokutshisa ebudeni;
- ukucola okubuhlungu;
- utshintshe ekuhleni kwe-urine;
- izilonda, ukukhawuleza, ukuxabana kwendawo yokulala kunye ne-groin;
- ukuvuvukala kwe-scrotum, ubomvu;
- umkhuhlane.
Izifo zengxowankulu kubafazi
Izifo zesifo sezesondo kubasetyhini kwiimeko ezininzi zihambelana nokuqala okubukhali. Zifumane lula kunamadoda. Ngokuqhelekileyo konke kuqala ngokubonakala kobuhlungu kunye nokukhulelwa kwesisu. Ngokwemvelo yabo, ama-venereologists abanamava angakwazi ukuxilonga ngokuchaneka ngokuchanekileyo nangaphambi kokuvavanywa. I-Urethra kwabasetyhini imfutshane, ngoko iimpawu zokuqala zivela kuphela emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa emva kokusuleleka. Izifo ezithengiswayo kwiintlobo zabasetyhini ziboniswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- utshintshe kwimiqulu, ubunjani, umbala kunye nevumba le-vaginal discharge, ubukhulu, ubuqhophololo, kunye nokudibanisa kwegazi kunye nephunga elimnandi, bahlala behamba nezifo zesini;
- ukubetha, ukubetha, ukutshisa kunye nentlungu kwi-vulva;
- ukuvakalelwa kwintlungu esezantsi, kwingingqi ye-pelvic;
- uvakalelo olubi ngesondo;
- ukubonakala kokutshisa, intlungu, okanye ukubetha kwinkqubo yokucoca;
- ukukhulelwa kwamanzi emva kokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo;
- i-blisters, izilonda, izilonda, iilts kwi-labia encinci nangaphezulu;
- ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu.
Izifo ze-Venereal - ukuxilongwa
Ukufumanisa isizathu esona sizathu, ugqirha ubeka izilingo kwizifo zenyama. Phakathi kweendlela eziphambili zelabhoratri zokufumana ukusuleleka kwezesondo:
- I-Bakposev - ukuqokelela i-biomaterial ngokuqhubela phambili kwindawo efanelekileyo. Emva kwexeshana, isampuli i-microscopized and type of pathogen is determined. Indlela ithatha ixesha: impendulo yokuhlalutya ilindeleke ukususela kwiintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwiiveki ezimbalwa.
- Indlela ye-serological kukubona kwi-serum yegazi yeeproteti ezithile, izifo ezibonakalayo ekuphenduleni isifo. Umzekelo walolu hlobo lwesifundo ngu-ELISA (i-enzyme immunoassay).
- Indlela yokubeka iimvavanyo ezixilisayo - isigulane singeniswe nge-intradermally kunye nesilwanyana esinokukhubazeka kwesifo okanye i-antigens ethile.
- I-PCR (i-polymerase chain reaction). Indlela yokukopa idijithali yeDNA ye-pathogen. Ivumela ukucacisa ubukho besifo, nokuba ngaba usulelo alubonakali naluphi na uhlobo.
Unyango lwezifo ezithathelwana ngesondo
Ulwaphulo luxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kuhlobo lwe-pathogen. Ngokuqhelekileyo, unyango lujoliswe ekubhubhiseni i-pathogen. Ngokuxhomekeka kwimihlobo ye-pathogen, amaqela alandelayo asebenzisa iziyobisi asetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezithintekayo:
- ii-antibiotics (i-Spectinomycin, i-Azithromycin, iTetracycline);
- i-immunomodulator ukwenzela ukuphunyezwa kwempendulo yomzimba yomzimba (Gepon, Immunomax, Immunal);
- ama-anti-virus (Acyclovir, Kagocel, Cycloferon);
- i-hepatoprotectors isetyenziselwa ukuxhasa isibindi kwizilonda zayo ezinzima (Essentiale);
- i-antiparasitic (i-20% emulsion yamanzi ye-benzyl benzoate, i-Permethrin);
- i-agent ye-antifungal (isoconazole, clotrimazole, miconazole).
Ukuthintela izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo
Ukukhusela izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo kunzima kunokuphilisa. Ukuthintela ukuthintela ngesondo kufaka:
- Ukungabikho kwesini esingaqhelekanga.
- Ukusetyenziswa kweendlela zokuthintela ukukhulelwa.
- Ukuthotyelwa kwemimiselo yococeko.
- Ndwendwela i-gynecologist (amaxesha amabini ngonyaka) kunye ne-urologist (kanye ngonyaka).