Isibini esilungisiweyo se-ultrasound ekukhulelweni senziwa kwiiveki ezingama-20 ukuya ku-24 zokukhulelwa. Isiqhamo salo nyaka asikwazi kubonwa ngokupheleleyo, ngoko ugqirha ubhekisela kwiindawo ezithile zomzimba kunye nezitho zomntwana. Umfanekiso ongaphelelanga awuthinteli ochwepheshe onamava ukuba angafumani ukungaqhelekanga kwintsana okanye uphuhliso lwakhe oluqhelekileyo, kwakunye nokuqokwa ngesondo lomntwana.
I-Ultrasound kwisigxina sesibini sokukhulelwa iya kugqiba ukuphuhliswa komntwana, kwaye ikhusele iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zokukhulelwa. Ugqirha uphando ngokucophelela umntwana ngokwawo kunye nemeko yesisu, ngoko kuthetha indawo engumntwana. Indawo yokuhluma iquka: i-amniotic fluid, ipentecenta, intambo ye-umbilical.
I-fetal ultrasound ngeveki 21
Uphando lwe-anatomical ngexesha le-ultrasound kwiiveki ezingama-20-21 linika ithuba elihle lokuqinisekisa ukuba abazali bahlakulela ngokuchanekileyo. Kusemithathu yesithathu yokukhulelwa ukuba zonke izitho zangaphakathi zomntwana zibonakala kwi-ultrasound yoviwo. Ugqirha uvavanya imeko yentliziyo, isisu kunye nezinye izitho zokukhuphela ngaphandle kobuchopho. Kule nto kuxhomekeke kulawulo oluqhubekayo lokukhulelwa kunye nokuzalwa kwangaphambili kubafazi. Ukubetha kwentliziyo yentsana i-120-140 ibhokhwe ngomzuzu, ephantse ibe kabini intliziyo yomntu omdala. Ugqirha othobelekileyo uya kubala yonke iminwe ezandleni nasezinyaweni zentsana yakho, kuba le mibuzo iyakhathaza wonke umama, ngaphezu kobunzima bomntwana.
I-ultrasound inokukwazi ukujonga indlela esebenzayo ngayo umntwana. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha le-ultrasound, umntwana unokuba kwindawo yokulala okanye ukulala, ngoko le ngongoma ayinakuyinyamekela ingqalelo.
Iimpawu ze-ultrasound kwiiveki ezingama-21 zesisu
I-Uziste yenza uvavanyo olumkileyo lomntwana, ukulinganisa ujikelezo lwekhanda kunye nesisu, kunye nobukhulu be-hip bone, kunye ne-front-temporal lobe.
Ubungakanani bentsholongwane yeeveki ezingama-20 ukuya ku-21:
- ngeeveki ezingama-21 ubunzima bomntwana esizalweni sikamama sifinyelela ku-300-350 g, kwaye ubude bayo buyi-18-25 cm;
- kwinqanaba lekhanda ukusuka kwi-166-200 mm;
- ubungakanani bokuqala-occipital 60-72 mm;
- umjikelezo wesisu esiswini se-fetus ngu-137 -180 mm;
- Ubude bomlenze ukusuka emadolweni ukuya emlenzeni (femur) 32-40 mm;
- ubude ukusuka enyaweni ukuya emadolweni (amathambo emveli) 29-37 mm;
- Ubude bengalo ukusuka ehlombe ukuya eluhlangeni (humerus) 29-37 mm;
- Ubude bengalo ukusuka kwisikristeni ukuya kwi-elbow (amathambo angaphambili) ngu-24-32 mm.
Ngenxa yezi ngcaciso, ugqirha uqinisekisa ixesha lokukhulelwa. Iphutha kwixesha le-ultrasound kwiiveki ezingama-20 zokukhulelwa zingabakho kwiintsuku ezi-7.
Ama-Mummies akufanele agxininiswe kwangaphambili, ngenxa yokuba umntwana ngamnye unempilo yakhe yokuzalwa, ubunzima kunye nobukhulu babantwana beminyaka yobudala bentsholongwane, nakuba buncinane, buhluke komnye.
I-Ultrasound ye-fetus ne-cervix
I-amniotic fluid iyayikhusela intsana. Kwaye, bavumela ukufikelela okungenakunqandwa kumntwana izondlo kunye ne-oksijini ngokusebenzisa intambo yomlomo. Ukufunda i-amniotic fluid ngexesha le-ultrasound kungabonakalisa nokugula okanye ukungabikho. Kwi-amniotic fluid, ubuninzi babo kunye nobunjani bafundwa. Ekubeni kukho ukuphambuka kwimimiselo ye-ultrasound, ugqirha uya kunika uviwo olongezelelweyo kunye nonyango.
Uphononongo lwepentecenta lwenzeka kwiindlela ezimbini-indawo kunye nesakhiwo. Indawo yepentecenta iyahlukileyo:
- Ngaphambili, xa iqhotyoshelweyo eludongeni lwangaphakathi lwesisu;
- Emva, ngokulandelanayo, xa iqhotyoshelwe eludongeni olungemva;
- kunye ne-previa, ebonwa njengona yingozi.
Ngethuba lokunikezwa kwepentecenta igqitha umlomo wesibeleko. Kule meko, loo mfazi ukhuthazwa ukuba ahambise kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye aphelise zonke iindwendwe ezicwangcisiweyo ukuze agcine ukukhulelwa. Xa i-placenta igxininisa, kukho ukutheleleka okuphezulu kwintsholongwane ye-intrauterine, efuna ukufundisisa ngokugqithiseleyo umfazi okhulelwe.
Ngethuba le-ultrasound ngeeveki ezingama-20 ukuya ku-21, ugqirha uphinde ahlole intambo yomlomo odibanisa umama nosana. Kwi-trimester yesibili yokukhulelwa, umntwana angasongelwa ngentambo. Oku akuthethi nge-pathology. Ngenxa yokuhamba okuphezulu kwintsana, inokuphinda ikhutshwe ngokukhawuleza, njengoko ixakeke.
Umlomo wesibeleko kufuneka uvalwe ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Umsebenzi we-ultrasound kukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho naziphi iinguqu eziyingozi kuwo. Ukuba umlomo wesibeleko unesivulo esincinci se-pharynx yangaphakathi, kukho ithuba eliphezulu lokuzalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Ugqirha oqhuba i-ultrasound uya kuthumela ngokukhawuleza loo nto ugqirha.
I-second ultrasound ngexesha lokukhulelwa liza kuvumela umfazi okhulelweyo ukuba angabikho iingxaki ezingadingekile, aze aphephe ukungathandabuzeki kwempilo emininzi