Into enjalo elula njengekhalenda, yangena ubomi bethu ubude kwaye ikhulu. Kwaye akukho mntu ucinga malunga nokuba ivela phi, sisebenzisa nje isi siqhamo sobulumko nobulumko bonke abantu. Yaye yiphi kuphela imihla yethu yamakhalenda ayizange ihlukanise: inyanga, kunye nomyezo, kunye nekhalenda evamile ngamnye ngonyaka. Kodwa kukho enye ikhalenda enomdla kakhulu - ikhalenda yokubhiyozela iPasika okanye iPasika. Makhe sithethe ngazo ngokubanzi.
Ivelaphi ikhalenda yePasika?
Kusuka kwicawa yesonto kunye nesibhalo kuyaziwa ukuba ukuqala kokukhankanywa kwekhalenda yokubhiyozela i-Easter kubhekisela kwixesha leTestamente elidala. Ngokufanayo, kumcimbi wokufuduka kwamaYuda ekuthinjweni kwaseYiputa. IBhayibhile inayo indawo apho kuthethwa ngomyalelo kaThixo wokubhiyozela iPasika ngenyanga yokuqala, umhla we-14, kwaye le nyanga nguNisan. AmaSirayeli alandela eli khalenda kwaye nanamhla, kungakhathaliseki ukuba indawo yokuhlala.
Kwaye kwavela njani ikhalenda ye-Orthodox yokubhiyozela i-Easter?
Kodwa apha emhlabeni kubakho iziganeko ezibalulekileyo ezenzekayo, ukwahlula ihlabathi lonke elikholelwayo kwiinkampu ezimbini ezichasene ngokupheleleyo. Kwaye umcimbi ukubethelelwa nokuvuka kweNkosi uYesu Kristu. Kwakhona kwakha ikhalenda yeOthodoki. Ekuqaleni amaKristu asePaschalia awazange ahluke kumaYuda. Emva koko, amaKristu okuqala babengamaYuda. Kwaye i-Easter kwiinkulungwane zokuqala yayibhiyozelwa ngokuthobekileyo ngeCawa kwaye ngokukodwa ngokukhawuleza kanye ngonyaka ngomhla weso siganeko. Kodwa sele sele sele inkulungwane yesibini emva kokuzalwa kukaKristu, umKristu uPaschalia waqala ukufumana izicatshulwa zodwa. Ngesivumelwano esivumelwaneni sababhali bexesha, kwagqitywa ukuba kubhiyozele i-Easter yamaKristu ngeCawa elilandelayo emva kweYuda. Kwaye ngekhulu lesine, umthetho wokubhiyozela i-Easter ngeCawa yokuqala emva kokuthwasa kwenyanga yokuqala, eya kwenzeka emva kwe-equinox ye-vernal, yavunywa kwi-Council of Nicaea. Ngulo mgaqo owenzelwa ukubala kwekhalenda yama-Orthodox neKatolika yamaPhasika. Ngegama lomsunguli ukuya kwinqanaba le-16, wayebizwa ngokuba nguYulian. Kodwa ke, ngenxa yokungaqondi kakuhle kweenkwenkwezi, ikhalenda yePasika yatshintsha. Kwaye ihlabathi elibhaptiziweyo lahlulwa ngo-Orthodoxy kunye neKatolika kunye nePascha yalo kunye nesimbolo sekhalenda.
Ukuhlukana kwekhalenda yePasika kwiJulian noGregory
Kwiminyaka engamakhulu amahlanu, iiCawa zaseMpuma naseNtshona zihlala ngokwekhalenda efanayo yePasika. Nangona kunjalo, ekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi elinesibhozo, iRoma yagqiba ekubeni ithathe amaqanda asePasta empuma, malunga nekhalenda lonke lePasika. Umsunguli wokubala okutsha kunye nekhalenda ye-Easter nguPapa uGregory XIII, umphathi weCawa yamaRoma Katolika. Ngoko ikhalenda yokubhiyozela i-Easter yahlukaniswa yaba yiOrthodox uJulian kunye namaKatolika eGrike. Okwangoku, umahluko phakathi kwezi zihlandlo ezimbini zePasika ziintsuku ezili-13. Kwaye ukubhiyozelwa kwePasika yama-Orthodox akunakwenzeka ngaphambi kwentwasahlobo yasehlobo, kwaye amaKatolika angakwazi ukuhambelana nePasika yamaYuda kwaye aphumelele kakhulu ama-Orthodox.
Ikhalenda yePasika yeKhasi
Ngamashumi amabini ekhulwini lokugqibela, enye inzame yenziwe ukuguqula ikhalenda yePaschal. Eqhutywe nguPatriliary wakhe waseConstantinople uMeletius IV kwiNdibano ye-All Orthodox. Umphumo wale nhlangano yikudala ikhalenda ye-New-Julian Easter. Enyanisweni, lichanekile ngakumbi kuneGregori kwaye lihambelana nayo ukuya kunyaka wama-2800. Nangona kunjalo, le ntlukwano yePaschalia yamukelwa ngenyameko phantse bonke abameli beCawa leOthodoki. Okwangoku, oku kunjalo. Ikhalenda likaYulian lisetyenziswe ngamaRashiya, isiGeorgia, iJerusalem ne-Serbian Orthodox. Ihlabathi lamaKatolika lashiya isitayela sikaGregory. Kwaye kukho iqela lamabhiyozelayo i-Easter kunye neeholide ezidlulayo kwikhalenda yeYulian, kwaye zonke iindawo ezingekho ngokuhambelana namasiko ecawa.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iholidi yePasika yaba liziko lekhalenda yecawa, kwaye ngokubhekiselele kuyo yonke imicimbi yebandla isilingana.