Amacwecwe anamhlanje amacembe anceda kakhulu abalimi kunye namalimi. Ngokwalo, inkqubo yokukhulisa amahlumela amancinci asebenza ngamandla, kwaye izitya zokutyala ezenziwe ngokulungeleleneyo kunye ne-substrate ezichumayo ziza kunceda ukulahla umsebenzi onzima kunokuba kunokwenzeka, ngelixa ufikelele kwimpembelelo ephakamileyo.
Ukutshala izithombo kwiipilisi
Iipilisi zokutyala zembewu - i-peat okanye i-coconut fiber egxininiswe ngesimo se-washer encinci, ixinwe ngeenxa zonke kumgca. Phezulu kwesofotho ngasinye kukho i-groove yembewu. Ukuphakama kwalolu washer u malunga no-8 cm, emva kokudibanisa ngamanzi afudumele baqala ukuguqa nokutshintsha ubukhulu babo. Ngoko ke, ukuba iipilisi zezityalo zithengwa ukwenzela ukuba zikhule, ukuba zizisebenzise ngokuchanekileyo, kufuneka umntu azi kakuhle.
I-Briquettes ngaphandle kwe-substrate iqulethe izinto ezincedo, ama-speed accelerators, ama-fungicides. Xa zisetyenziswe, umngcipheko wokulimala kwezityalo uyancitshiswa zizifo kwaye zibole. Umxube une-acidity ephezulu-ukusuka ku-5.4 ukuya kwi-6.2. I-Briquettes zithengiswa ngobukhulu obuhlukeneyo - ukusuka kwi-2.5 cm ukuya kwi-7 cm, ezifanelekileyo ukukhula kweentyantyambo zeentyatyambo okanye zegadi. Ukukhethwa kokuphakama kwabo kuxhomekeke ngokuthe ngqo kwisayizi sityalo esizayo.
Iipilisi zamakhonon for seedlings
Amacwecwe amaconco yamanje ebizwa ngokuba yi-briquettes, agcwele i-coat peat (70%), i-fibre kunye ne-coconut chips (30%). Ziye zahlanganiswa ngokubunjwa kwezondlo, amaminerali, i-microelements kunye neengxenye zokulwa ne-antibacterial kwaye zimelela ingcambu efanelekileyo yezityalo kunye nesidingo sokwanda kwe-oksijeni.
I-coconut fiber ibamba amanzi, ngelixa umbane ugcinwa ngaphakathi kwe-substrate kwaye ungena kwiingcambu njengoko kufuneka. Akunakwenzeka ukuzalisa izityalo ezikhulile kuma-cohert washers. Iipilisi zamakhononti zembewu - indlela yokusebenzisa:
- Ukucoca iidiski zetyuwa ezibekwe ngaphantsi komlambo wamanzi kwi-1-2 imizuzu.
- Amacwecwe afakwa kwiibhotile ezide, athululelwe ngamanzi kwindawo yeqondo lokushisa aze afakwe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye amanzi asele asele.
- Imbewu ifakwa emhadeni phezulu kwithebhulethi.
Indlela yokukhulisa izithombo kwiipilisi zamapayipi?
I-Peat isoloko isetyenziswe njenge-substrate yezilimo ezivuno. Isityebi kwizondlo, idlula umoya kwaye igcina umswakama. Indlela yokusebenzisa iipilisi zamaphetshana zezilwanyana:
- I-washer ifakwa kwisitya seplastiki esinesitya esikhulu.
- Moisten i-peat egxininisiweyo isebenzisa amanzi afudumeleyo.
- Lindela ade ikhutshwe iidiski ngokuvakala. Ngombulelo kumatshini, ububanzi be-briquette asitshintshi.
- Faka imbewu phakathi kwepake.
- Ngaphezulu kwesitya, bhenela ifilimu.
- Izithombo ezikhulile ngale ndlela azidingi ukudilika .
Ukukhula kwezityalo zentamatato kwiipilisi zamaphetshana
Ukufumana izityalo zentyatyambo, i-briquettes enobubanzi be-4 mm iyadingeka. Enye imbewu inokufakwa kwindawo nganye. Iifomati zepilato kwiipilisi zamaphetshana - indlela yokutshala:
- Unokuthenga i-cassettes ekhethekileyo apho kufakwa khona iipilisi ze-peat, okanye usebenzise esinye isitsha seplastiki.
- Idisk igxininiswe ngamanzi afudumeleyo, ngemizuzu embalwa ukuphakama kwayo kuya kwanda.
- Kwimimandla ekhethekileyo bayibeka imbewu ye-tomato, ngokunyanzela phantsi umunwe kwi-1-1.5 cm, kwaye ufefe i-peat encane.
- Ikhonkxa ihlanganiswe nefilimu kwaye ifakwe kwindawo efudumeleyo.
- Izithombo zixiliswa kwisibhamu somoya kunye nomoya imihla ngemihla.
- Xa kukho amahlumela, ifilimu ingasuswa.
- Xa ingcambu ephakathi ivela kumgangatho we-briquette, imbewu kunye nephebhulethi ilayishwa kwisibhobho esikhulu - i-cup-cup ye-plastiki ye-0.5-liter iya kufakwa. Ukuphuculwa ngcono kweengcambu, i-reticulum inqunywe kumacala amabini okanye amane.
Izithombo ze petunia kwiipilisi zamaphepha
I-Garden petunia inembewu encinci ye-pulverized, exutywe ngokulinganisa izityalo eziqhelekileyo ngomhlaba. I-Briquettes esuka kwi-peat ikulungele ukulima izityalo eziphezulu, vumela ukulandelela ukuhluma kwazo. Indlela yokusebenzisa ipilisi yeepatas zeepowuni zezithombo:
- Iipilisi ezineesentimitha ezi-2 cm zifakwe kwisitya, cwina, shiya ukuza.
- Ukusabalalisa imbewu kwi-washhers kunye ne-toothpick ehlanjisiweyo.
- Ukuxhoma amanzi kwi-pipette ngamaxesha amaninzi kwimbewu nganye.
- Ukwaphuza ne-petunia umhlaba - ayiyi kuvuka.
- Gubungela isitya kunye nefilimu, faka ubushushu.
- Kwiqondo lokushisa kwama-25 ° C amahlumela aya kubonakala ngeveki.
- Amanzi okumisa umhlaba uyongezwa kwi-pallet.
- Xa iingcambu ziqala ukugqityhula kwi-membrane, izityalo zitshintshelwe zibe zizimbi kunye nomhlaba kunye namacwecwe.
Ukutyala kwe-eustoma kwiimbewu ezipilisi
Ukuhlakulela i-lisianthus okanye i- eustoma akunakwenzeka kumntu wonke, imbewu yeli sityalo ikhula kancane kwaye idinga ukunakekelwa. Ukongeza, imbewu yeenkcubeko iyabiza, kwiphakheji iqulethe kwiingcezu ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6. Kungcono ukukhula izityalo ze-eustoma kwiiphilisi zepatti:
- Ukuthenga iidiski ngobubanzi be-4 sm.
- Iipilisi zamaphetshana zezilwanyana ezifakwe kwisitya, ziphathwe ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate, zityhala amanzi atshisayo. Emva kokuvuvukala, utywala olusele lufanele lucinywa.
- Ngomnxeba onomdaka, faka i-ejstoma imbewu ye-pellet kwi-washer nganye.
- Igobolondo i-dragee ne-toothpick kufuneka iphulwe. Oku kukhuthaza ukuhluma kwembewu.
- Isibhakabhaka sihlanganiswe nefilimu, sibekwe phantsi kwesibane, ukuhluma, usuku lokukhanya lufanele libe ngama-12 iiyure, ukushisa akufanele kube phantsi kwe-20 ° С.
- Izityalo ziza kubonakala emva kweentsuku ezi-7, izityalo kufuneka zihlaziywe imihla ngemihla, zongeze amanzi kumzantsi wekhonkco.
- Izityalo ezinamaqela amabini amaqabunga amaqabunga kunye neengcambu ezibonakala kakuhle zifakelwa kwiiplanga kunye nebhebhethi.
Izithombo zepilisi kwiiphilisi zamaphepha
Imbewu yepilisi ihluma ngokupheleleyo ekutyaleni i-briquettes kunye nobubanzi be-4 cm. Kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukutshala izityalo kwiipilisi ze-peat:
- Ukuhluma, imbewu iyalinganiswa - iyakuthi igqityiwe kwaye isomelele.
- Zifanele zihluthe ihafu yeeyure kwisisombululo esisakhulayo (iZircon, Citovit).
- Emva kokungca, imbewu yepeleyi ityalwe kwiipilisi zamaphepha e-peat for seedling in pairs.
- Kwimbini yezityalo, ukubonakala kwezihlumela kushiya ezinamandla.
- Emva kokubonakala kwezantsi kwe-briquette yengcambu ephakathi, izityalo zityalwe kwisitya esikhulu.
Izitshalo ze-eggplant kwiipilisi zamaphepha
Siyabulela kwinkqubo enamandla, iiperesi eziluhlaza zikhula ngokukhawuleza. Iiblule zeetyala - umyalelo wokuhluma isitshalo seqanda:
- Amacwecwe afakwa kwisitya seplastiki esibanzi, ethambisa amanzi afudumeleyo, ukwenzela ukuba i-peat yanda ngokuphakama.
- Imbewu ihlanjululwe, kwaye ngokukhawuleza ihlulwe nge-toothpick ukulungiselela ukuhluma.
- Ithebhulethi ibhalwe imbewu engu-1, igwityiwe ngomnwe wakho, ifafazwe ngumgca obunqabileyo.
- Ikhonkxa ihlanganiswe ne-cellophane, ifakwe kwindawo efudumeleyo, ifakwe, inkcenkceshe ngefraysi.
- Emva kokuvela kwembalwa zezi sheetshi kwaye xa iingcambu ziqhawula ngokukhawuleza ithebhulethi, inokufuduswa emhlabathini.
Izithombo ze-strawberry ezivela kwimbewu kwiiphilisi ze-peat
Imbewu ye-strawberries ephezulu ixabisa kwaye kungcono ukukhula izithombo kwiipilisi. Le ndlela ilungelekile kuba akuyimfuneko ukucoca nokutshisa umxube womhlaba uze udibanise izityalo. Imithetho yokulima:
- Bahlwayayo ama-strawberries ekuqaleni kukaMatshi. Ngaphambi kokutyala, impahla kufuneka ifake i-stratification yamanzi yeeveki ezi-2 (phakathi kweevili zombini zeearton) kwifriji kwisitya kunye nemigodi.
- Emva kokuba imbewu ifakwe kwindawo epholileyo yokufudumala.
- Xa imbewu iproklyutsya, i-toothpick yabo isasazeka kwiiphilisi ze-peat ezivuvuzayo. Akufuneki ukuba bafefe umhlaba.
- Ubushushu bokuhluma buyi-20 ° C, isithintelo sifikelelwe, siphume umoya kwaye i-condensate isuswe kwisiqwenga.
- Emva kokuvela kwamacembe okuqala, indawo yokukhusela isusiwe.
- Njengoko isityalo sikhula, sidluliselwa kwisitya esikhulu. Emva kwe-Juni 10, izithombo ezinemizi ephuhlisiwe kwi-tablet zihlonywe emhlabathini.
Ukukhuphula izithombo zekhukhamba kwiiphilisi zamaphetshana
Kuyaziwa ukuba iikomkethi - inkcubeko yenkqubela kunye nokuzihluma kwiidiski zokuhlawulela zilula kakhulu. Ithebhulethi yezityalo - indlela yokusebenzisa:
- Iidiski ezineesentimitha ezi-4 zifakwa kwindawo ephakamileyo ephezulu, ezele ngamanzi afudumeleyo.
- Imbewu yekhukhamba (ngaphambi kokuhluma okanye ngokuchanekileyo kwiphakheji) ifakwe kwiindlomelo, ezihlanganiswe ngoluhlu lwe-peat, ubunzulu bokuzaliswa yi-1.5-2 cm.
- Ibhokisi ihlanganiswe ne-cellophane, inikeza ubushushu bokuhluma kwe-20 ° C - + 25 ° C.
- Ukunkcenkceshela kuqhutyelwa kumpu.
- Xa imbewu ihluma, emini ivuliwe, ebusuku - ivaliwe.
- Izithombo zigcinwe kwiiglasi kwiiveki ezi-3. Xa uhlwayelwa izithombo kwibhedi kwiindawo zokuhlala zifakwe amacwecwe kunye nezithombo kwaye zifafazwe ngomhlaba.