Ngaba ufuna ukwazi amava anentsholongwane malunga neBosnia neHerzegovina , ekhangelelwe ngabakhenkethi belizwe laseBalkan? Akusandulanga kakhulu phakathi kwamanye amazwe, kodwa siya kuzama ukukuqinisekisa ukuba urhulumente unyanzelekile ngokukhenketho kwabakhenkethi.
I-Bosnia ne-Herzegovina yindawo ephakathi kweBalkans, ijikelezwe ngamacala onke ngamanye amazwe, kodwa ngokufikelela kolunye ulwandle-ubude bendlela yonxweme malunga neekhilomitha eziyi-25. Yayisetyenziselwa ngempumelelo kakhulu-nantsi indawo enhle kunye ne- comfortable Neum .
Imfazwe yinterethnic: amaqiniso abuhlungu
- Ukuzimela kweli lizwe kwakunjalo ngo-1992, kodwa ke kwafuneka silwe ngendlela eyiyo yelizwi. Kuphela kwiminyaka engama-90 ekhulwini elidlulileyo, emele kwimfazwe yezempi yaseBalkan ephazamisayo, ebonwa njengenye yezinto ezinqabileyo emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBili, amazwe aseburhulumenteni abusa uxolo kwaye ilizwe laqala ukuphuhlisa. Isizathu semfazwe, esaphuma ngo-1992 kwaye saqhubeka ukufika ngo-1995, kwakuyi-interethnic.
- Kwinqununu yaseSarajevo, kwanekhosi yomkhosi yasinda, eyasindisa amakhulu amabini abahlali basezidolophini-eyakhiwe emva kokuvinjelwa, yavuma ukuba ihambe kuloo mzi. Ukongezelela, uncedo lwentlalo lunikezelwa ngalo.
- Emva kokuphela kweentlanzi kunye nokubuyiselwa kweendlela kunye neendawo ezihamba ngeenyawo kwiindawo apho kwakukho iingxowa ezivela kwiigobolondo ezabulala ubomi babantu, zenzela isembozo sempahla ebomvu, efanekisela igazi. Ngokudlulayo kwexesha, ezi ziqithi ziye zincinci, kodwa ziyaqhubeka zidibana, zikhumbula ukuxabana kwegazi kunye nexabiso loxolo kunye nokuqonda.
- Ngendlela, simele siqaphele enye into ebalulekileyo: ngexesha lemfazwe, ngo-1995, i-Festival yeSarajevo Film Festival yasungulwa. Abasemagunyeni bazama ukuphazamisa abemi belikhulu eliqhotyoshelwe kwiingxaki, kwimpilo yobomi bemihla ngemihla. Nangona kunjalo, emva kwemfazwe, umthendeleko uyaqhubeka uhlala kwaye ngoku uthathwa njengowona mkhulu kunabo bonke eMzantsi-East eYurophu.
- Enye enye into - kwiimidlalo zeParalympic ezenzeka ngo-2004 e-Athene, abadlali bezemidlalo baseBosnia naseHerzegovina baba yizintlu ze-volleyball. Imfazwe eyatshisa iBalkans kwiminyaka engama-90 yekhulu lokugqibela yabangela ukukhubazeka kwabaninzi babo.
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Izinto malunga nesakhiwo solawulo, indawo yokuhlala kwaye kungekhona kuphela
1. I- Bosnia neHerzegovina ibizwa ngokukhawuleza ngokuthi umhlaba omile. Emva kwayo yonke into, ukukhanya kwayo, ukuba ukhangela imephu, kuyafana nomfanekiso wentliziyo.
2. Ulawulo lwelizwe lubonisa ukuba ukwahlukana komhlaba kube ngamalungu amabini-i-Federation of Bosnia neHerzegovina kunye neRubublika Srpska.
3. Isixeko esiyinhloko saseSarajevo ngo-1984 kwakuyinkunzi yeMidlalo yeMidlalo ye-Olimpiki. Ngendlela, ngenxa yemiDlalo, kwakukho imizila ye-ski-skiing kufuphi nomzi-namhlanje ezi ziindawo ezine zokupaka i-ski.
4. I- Bosnia neHerzegovina - ilizwe elizintaba, ngoko ke libetha ngobuhle bayo. Ingqungquthela apha iindawo eziphambili zelizwekazi, ezenza iinyanga zasehlobo zitshise, kunye nemifino - kunobushushu, ikhephu.
Indawo epheleleyo yombuso igqitha iikhilomitha ezili-50 zeemitha ezi-3.8 zabantu. Eli lizwe lineelwimi ezintathu ezisemthethweni:
- Bosnia;
- IsiCroatia;
- Serbian.
Nangona, ukuthetha ngokubanzi, iilwimi zininzi ezifanayo, kwaye ngoko ke abahlali bendawo, naluphi na uhlobo lwentlanga, baqondana.
6. Ukuba sithetha ngeenkolelo zonqulo, ngoko zihanjiswa ngale ndlela:
- malunga nama-40% ngamaSulumane;
- malunga nama-30% ngamaKristu;
- malunga ne-15% - bakhetha uKatolika;
- abanye - bakhetha enye inkolo, okanye abangakholelwa kuThixo.
Ukongeza kwiSarajevo, kukho ezinye iidolophu ezinkulu, phakathi kwazo i- Mostar , iZhivinice, i- Banja Luka , iTuzla neDoboj .
Okuthakazelisayo, iSarajevo iye yangena kwi-rating ye-guidebook eyaziwayo neyaziwayo eneLonely Planet, leyo ngo-2010 yayiquka umninimandla waseBosnia ne-Herzegovina kwi-TOP-10 imizi, ekhuthazwa ukutyelela. Ukuqhubeka nencoko ngeSarajevo , siyaqaphela ukuba abahlali bayaphikelela ekukholweni umlando wokuthi ngo-1885 umzila wokuqala weTurkey wawuqaliswa kwisixeko - kodwa oku akunjalo.
Ezinye iinkcukacha ngokufutshane
Kwaye iimbalwa ezimbalwa eziza kunceda ukuqonda kangcono iimpawu zaleli lizwe elikhangayo laseBalkan:
- E-Bosnia naseHerzegovina, imali yesizwe kuthiwa "uphawu lokuguqulwa";
- "Aborigines" bayayithanda ikhofi - naphezu kobukhulu obukhulu kunye nabemi abaninzi kakhulu, ilizwe lifakwe kwi-TOP-10 zithetha ukusetyenziswa kwekhofi, kodwa kungekhona ngokubanzi, kodwa ngekota;
- izazinzulu zakwazi ukubonisa ukuba amazwe aseBosnia neHerzegovina yanamhlanje ahlala kwiNeolithic ekude;
- Phakathi kweentaba ezininzi zeentaba, iphakamileyo i-Maglich, ephakama ibe ngamamitha angama-2,386 ngaphezulu kwinqanaba lolwandle. Itholakala kwiNational Park Sutyeska yeSizwe elidala kunazo zonke;
- indlu encinci iMezhregor minyaka yonke ibamba iindwendwe ezihamba ngeebhiliyoni - okokuba ngowama-1981, abantwana abathandathu basekhaya babesakuba yiNtombikazi kaMariya baza bathetha naye. Ibandla elisemthethweni alizange liyiqonde le nyaniso, kodwa uhambo luya kunqanda;
- Okuthakazelisayo kukuba, i-West Virginia (iUnited States yaseMelika) inkulu kakhulu ngobukhulu ngaphezu kweBosnia neHerzegovina yonke ;
- ngaphezu kweminyaka engamakhulu amahlanu edlulileyo kumazwe karhulumente wesimanje kwakukho isiganeko esasingenalo imizekelo yeembali zaseYurophu - abahlali basekuhlaleni batshintshe ukholo lwabo baba ngamaSulumane. Isizathu salo kwakukufika kwamandla ase-Ottomans awabulala ukumkani waseBosnia, uS. S. Tomashevich;
- Ezinye iintaba zifana neepramramdi kunye neenkcukacha zabo, ezivumela abaseBosnia ukuba bathi banemipiramidi yangempela;
- Isimboli kazwelonke selizwe liyilili, kodwa alilula, kodwa ... igolide;
- Ihlathi elidlulileyo eYurophu ligcinwa eBosnia naseHerzegovina - iPeruchitsa;
- Ngokomyinge, abemi belizwe bahlala kwiminyaka engama-75, kungekhona uphawu olubi kakhulu, uya kuvuma.
Ekugqibeleni
Njengoko uyakubona, iBosnia neHerzegovina liyinene ilizwe elithandekayo. Kwaye nangona kungabonakali kakhulu phakathi kwabakhenkethi basekhaya, kwixesha elizayo iimeko zingatshintsha ngokubanzi.
Ngelishwa, akukho zithuthi ezisuka ngqo eMoscow ukuya eSarajevo. Kuya kufuneka ukuba isebenzise iinkonzo zokuhamba ngeenqwelo-moya - kwiimeko ezininzi zibaleka ngeevenkile zaseTurkey.
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