- Idilesi: 170 km empuma yeReykjavik, eIceland;
- Ubukhulu ngaphezu kweqondo lolwandle: 1 488 m;
- Ukugqitywa kokugqibela: Februwari 26, 2000;
- Umgangatho wokuqala: Juni 20, 1750;
- Ukwedlula: 796 m.
I-Hekla ichanekileyo ibhekwa ngumoya onqabileyo kakhulu e- Iceland . Ngeke kube nzima ukufumana i-volcano yaseHekla ebalazweni, itholakala kwingxenyeni esezantsi yelizwe, kungekudala kwi-capital. Inokuphakama kweemitha ezili-1491 kwaye yinto engabonakaliyo. Kwiminyaka emininzi intaba ihlanganiswe ngumoya kunye namafu. Ukubonakala kwentshukumo kubonakala inhloko yentloko ye-monk, kungenxa yokufana nesimbolo esiqhelekileyo sase-Iceland "hekla" ukuba igama le-volcano libonakala.
Ukuqhuma kwentaba yeHekla
NgeYurophu, apho i-Hekla Volcano ikhona khona, iYurophu yafunda ixesha elidlulileyo. Ukukhankanywa kokuqala kokukhuphuka kwe-volcano iHekla kubalwe kwi-1104 AD. Ukugqithiswa kwe-lava kwanikezela ezininzi iinkolelo zokukholelwa. Amonki aseCistercian asasaza amahlebezi ukuba i-Hekla intaba-mlilo ngenye yeentlangano ezintathu kwiGehena, kunye neentaba zeVesuvius and Broken. Kuze kube nexesha lethu, ubuncinane ubuninzi bama-20 ahlukeneyo amandla ahlukeneyo abonisiwe, ngoku kutshanje ngo-2000. Ngobukhulu beHecla uthi i-lava ye-calc-alkaline yayo: e-Iceland, ilizwe lama-volcano angu-140, kodwa kuphela i-chemistry inokwakhiwa kwemichiza. Ekubeni ukuchongwa ngolu phawu kunciphisa ukuhlaziywa kweentlawulo ze-volcanic, kungaqinisekiswa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba i-Hekla esebenzayo ihlala ingengomnyaka we-6,5 weminyaka. Ukukhutshwa komlotha womlilo ngokuvakalayo kwindalo. Ukubona kwangaphambili xa uHekla evuka kwakhona kunzima kakhulu. Ukuqwalaselwa komsebenzi wesimo salo mhlaba kusivumela ukuba sithethe into eyodwa kuphela: xa i-volcano ingabonakali, inamandla ngakumbi ukukhuphuka.
Enkulu inkulu ithathwa ngokuba yenzeke ngo-950 BC. Emva koko i-atmospheric yafika malunga neekhilomitha ezili-7.3 ze-ash ash emzimbeni. Imiphumo ye-ejection yafunyanwa phantsi kwelamanzi aseScotland. Isiphumo sentsholongwane enamandla eNyakatho yeNtlabathi yayiphononongo olubukhali lokushisa komoya, ulawulo lokushisa kuMhlaba lubuye lubuye emva kweminyaka elishumi. Ubude bexesha elixakekayo kufuphi ne-volcano alifani. Ukuphazamiseka kukugqibela kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kunyaka. Ingxaki yomsebenzi omde kakhulu kaHecla ngo-1947 ibhaliwe, lo ngumnyaka wokugqithisa okukhulu kwe-volkano iHekla kwimbali yoluntu yanamhlanje.| | |
UKhenketho kwi-volcano yaseHekla
Ukuqala kokusemthethweni kweHecla kwenziwa nguEgert Olafson noBjarni Palson ngoJuni 20, 1750. Ukususela ngoko, ziyakubonga i-kilometer yeekhilomitha ezingama-40, rhoqo ngonyaka ukuya kwiindawo ezininzi. Intaba-mlilo yeHekla iyamangalisa, iyasebenza okanye iphela, yonke into, ngokukrakra ibonakala njenge-5.5 km yephuso elide. Kuvela kule mingxube eyenziwa ukuqubuka kwe-lava masses, kunye neetoni ze-ash ash volcanic ziphuma. Kwimeko yokuzola, i-volcano iyindawo ekhethekileyo yezokhenketho. Ebusika, ecaleni kwinqanaba, ungayigcina imizila ye-ski, kwaye ehlobo kwiindawo ezihambahambayo zihamba kwiintaba okanye zihamba ngeendlela ezihamba ngeendlela. Kungekudala, iprojekthi iye yaqaliswa ukubuyisela iiflethi kwiindawo ezisentabeni zeHecla. Kwizicwangciso zokukhula ngaphezu kwama-hektare angama-90 zamahlathi, apho iindawo eziphambili ziyi-birch kunye ne-Willow.
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Ndingafika njani?
I-volcano yeHekla i-170 km empuma yeReykjavik , kwindawo enzima, ngoko kukufanelekile ukukhetha i-SUV enokuhamba. Inqanawa yendlela eya kwi-volcano ivela kwindawo yekhenkethi ye-Landmannalaugar.