Kuze kube kutshanje, kuphela abemi beemimandla esezantsi bokuba bekhulile. Ngemizamo yabalimi, ii-eggplants ziye zavela, imbewu ye-seeding yezimbewu ivumela ukuba baqoke isityalo esinomdla kwiimeko zezulu. Iimqinisekiso zokuphumelela ngokungqongqo kuyo yonke imithetho yokukhuphula imifuno enomdla.
Izityalo ze-eggplant - ukulima nokunyamekela
Isitshalo seqanda sisithethe sexesha elide lokutshala. Ukususela kwimbewu yokuhlwayela ukufumana ukulungela ukutsala umntwana, ungadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-120-150. Ngoko ke, ezininzi, indlela ephela yokuzama izityalo zakho zikhula izityalo. Phakathi kwabahlali belihlobo, le nkcubeko ayikho nto inobungangamsha kakhulu. Ukufumana umbane kwaye unako ukunika enye imbewu yesityalo kufuneka kulungiswe: lungiselela umhlaba onomsoco kwaye ukhululeke ngokuphendula ngokungathathi hlangothi, unikeze ubushushu obufanelekileyo (+23 ... +25 ° C) kunye nokukhanya (ubuncinci beeyure eziyi-10 ngosuku).
Xa kuhlwayelwa i-eggplant kwiimbewu?
Imimiselo yokutyala ye-eggplants for seedlings is determined by the climatic conditions of each area in the calculation that is recommended to move the seedlings to the garden in the age of 55 days. Ama-eggplants, ukuhlwayela imbewu yezityalo eziye zenziwe ngokuphula umthetho mnye zikhuni kwaye zihlala zihambelana ngokukhawuleza, ngokulibaziseka kuqala ukuqhakaza kwaye kuthwale iziqhamo. Ngokomyinge, ixesha lokuhlwayela imisebenzi liwela ezinsukwini ezi-5 zokugqibela zikaFebhuwari kunye neentsuku zokuqala ezi-5 kuMatshi.
Ukucwangciswa kwembewu ye-eggplant phambi kokutshala kwiimbande
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba iinzame zokukhulisa izithombo aziyize, kuyimfuneko ukucwangcisa imbewu phambi kokutshala kwiimbande ze-eggplant:
- Ukuhlela. Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa imbewu epheleleyo (ephilayo) kwizinto ezingenanto. Ukwenza oko, lungisa isisombululo setyuwa (50 amagremu kwisiqingatha ibhakethi yamanzi) uze udibanise imbewu kuyo imizuzu emi-5-7. Zonke iimbewu eziphakanyiswayo phezulu zilahliwe, kwaye ezo zihlala phantsi zihlanjululwa zomiswa ukuze zisebenzise ngakumbi.
- Ukukhutshwa komzimba. Ukhusela kwiimfuyo ze-bacterial and viral diseases. Isisombululo se-manganese esingu-1%, isisombululo se-3% se-hydrogen peroxide okanye ukulungiselela okukhethekileyo "FitosporinM" ifanelekile ukufeza. Emva kwesigama sokuhlambela kwisisombululo se-disinfectant, imbewu ihlanjululwa ngamanzi abandayo kwaye imisiwe.
Indlela yokutshala ii-eggplants kwiimbewu ngokuchanekileyo?
Ukutshala imbewu ye-aubergine ibe yintlobo zezityalo zihluke ngokuhlwayela ezinye izityalo zemifuno - ayanele ngokwaneleyo ukuhlwayela kwiimbewu ezizaliswe ngumxube womhlaba ongaphantsi okanye ongaphantsi. Kuya kufuneka:
- Amandla. Inkqubo yeengcambu yale nkcubeko ithethe kakhulu kwaye ayinyamezeli ukukhathazeka okungadingekile. Indlela ekhuselekileyo yokuyikhusela iya kuba yindlela yokulima, apho ukuhlwayelwa kwembewu ye-eggplant yezityalo kufumaneka kwiipilisi zamaphetshana , ii-cassette okanye iikomityi.
- Umxube womhlaba. I-arubergines ephantsi ifuna zombini ukhululekile kwaye izaliswe izondlo. Kule meko, ukuphendulwa komhlaba kufuneka kuhambelane nomntu ongathathi hlangothi. Ungasebenzisa le recipe: umhlaba wegadi (ii-2 izingxenye), i-peat, isanti, i-humus (inxalenye engama-1) kunye nomlotha omncinci (ukunciphisa ubisi-acidity).
- Ulawulo lokushisa. Inkqubo yokuhluma iqala kwiqondo lokushisa okungenani + 23 ° C. Kodwa ngenxa yokuvuselela kwayo, ixesha elifutshane (ukuya kwiintsuku ezingama-5) lukhuni lwe-seedling epholileyo (kungabi ngaphezu kwe-17 ° C) kucetyiswa.
- Ukunisela. Ama-eggplants, ukuhlwayela imbewu yezityalo eziveliswe kwindawo esemanzi, akudingeki iintsuku zokuqala ezingu-3-5 ekutheni. Njengoko umgangatho wokumisa womhlaba kufuneka uhlanjwe ngokucophelela nge-spray, uzame ukuhlamba izityalo.
Ama-eggplants kwiimiski - ukulima izithombo
Abanikazi be-dacha abanolwazi kufuneka bathande indlela yokuhluma kwembewu eyenzeka kumgca ophehliweyo (i- cochlea ) yomgca wefilimu. Izithombo kwi-cochlea zikhutshwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Kuye kwafakwa amaphepha amaninzi ephepha langasese kwifilimu.
- Ngamanyathelo ama-2-3 cm, imbewu iyafakwa kwaye ihlanganiswe ngoluhlu olunye oluphezulu lwephepha phezulu. Umgama ukusuka kumgca ophezulu nangaphantsi weTape kufuneka ube ngu-1 no-5 cm.
- Izityalo zimanzi ngamanzi afudumele ukusuka kumpu.
- Itheyipu ifakwe kwintonga kwaye ifakwe kwi-pallet, ngelixa umgca wayo ongezantsi uhlanganiswe ukwenza igalazi ephuculweyo.
- Emva kokuvela kwamahlumela, i-ribbon iyaqhubeka, umhlaba usasazeka phezu kwamahlumela, kwaye emva koko isakhiwo sibuyela kwindawo yaso yokuqala.
- Kwisigaba se sibini sishiya izithombo zidibene kwiitanks ngamnye.
Ukutshala i-arubine kwiimbewu kwiipilisi ze-peat
Khusela inkqubo yeengcambu ngexesha lomonakalo ngexesha lokutsalwa kweembewu kwi-tablet ye-peat ezilinganiselwa kwi-4 cm. Enye okanye i-granules ixinzelelwe emngxenyeni nganye, kwaye ke zonke iipilisi zifakwa kwisitya esibonakalayo esicacileyo. umgama ukusuka komnye ukukhusela ingcambu. Ngokuninzi kwaye kuninzi kakhulu. Isikhundla sibekwe kwindawo yokutshisa i-mini-greenhouse (phantsi kweglasi okanye ifilimu) kwaye ithunyelwe kwindawo efudumele yokuhluma.
Unokunyamekela njani izityalo ze-eggplant?
Emva kokubonakala kwindlela yokukhula kwembewu yokukhula kokuqala, ukunakekelwa kwendawo ehlala ehlobo kuyanda kaninzi. Ukunyamekela izithombo zeqanda emva kokuhluma kubandakanya:
- Ukunisela. Isidingo sokondla ubomi kwi-aubergines zihlandlo eziliqela kunezo zabanye abameli beSolanaceae. Oku kungenxa yamagqabi amakhulu kunye nokunyaniseka okukhulu kweenkqubo zokukhuphuka. Ngaphezu koko, amanzi angaphezu kwesi sivuno ayilona nentlekele ngaphezu kokusilela kwayo. Igolide ithetha ukuthatha-1-2 amanzi ngeveki kunye namanzi amile (+ 25-30 ° C).
- Ukutya. Ukuqonda ukuba izityalo zifuna ukondla okongezelelweyo, ukubonakala kwayo kuya kunceda: amaqabunga amacwecwe, ukukhula okunamandla, iimpawu ezinqabileyo. Ngaphambi kokugqitywa kwe-trunk, ii-eggplant zingadliwa kabini.
- Ukuthintela izifo. Enye yezinto ezimbi kakhulu, ezikwazi ukutshabalalisa i-landings ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu - umlenze omnyama . Ukukhusela kuyo, izityalo zihlaziywa ngezikhathi ezithile ngesisombululo esinobuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate kunye nomoya.
- Ukukhanya okungeziwe. Inkqubo yokwanda kwembewu iqala ngosuku olufutshane. Ama-eggplants for the full development need a lighting for 10-12 hours a day. Gcwalisa ukusilela kokukhanya kunokuba nezibane ze-fluorescent ezikuphakamileyo malunga ne-20 cm ngaphezulu kwee-seedlings.
- Ukukhawuleza. Kwiintsuku eziyi-15 ukuya ngaphambi kokuhlaliswa okucetywayo kwibhede, izityalo ziqala nzima. Okokuqala, kuthathwa emoyeni omtsha ngeeyure ezimbalwa ngosuku, imihla ngemihla, ngokunyuka kwandisa ixesha ebekho apho, kwaye yashiya ubusuku bonke.
Kutheni i-seedplant izithombo ziwela?
Nangona isitshalo seqanda sokutsalwa kwezimbewu senzeke ngokuhambelana nemigaqo, sinokumangaliswa ngokungahambi kakuhle kwintsimi. Kutheni i-eggplant iwa, ndimele ndenzeni ukuphepha le ngxaki? Kwiimeko ezininzi, isizathu silele ekuphulwa kwemithetho yonyango:
- ukuthambisa okubandayo;
- ukungabikho kokukhanyisa;
- kutyalwa;
- umswakama ophezulu;
- ubushushu obuphantsi;
- isifo.
Ukondla okongezelelweyo kwezityalo ze-eggplant ekhaya
Ukondla izityalo ze-eggplant kunye nomxube we-superphosphate kunye ne-potassium sulphate ehlanjululwe ngamanzi afudumeleyo ubonakalisa kakuhle. Ukuphakamisa iimpawu zesondlo zomhlaba kunceda kunye nomlotha okhuni, usasazeka phezu kwawo. Ukuxhasa ubunzima besitshalo seqanda kungabakho kwiindleko zamakhaya: ukuphuza itiye, i-eggshell ihlutywa ibe ngothuli. Unokwenza ukuchumisa kabini kwonyaka: iveki ngaphambi kokuba ufikelele embhedeni kwaye emva koko emva kokubunjwa kwamaqabunga amabini.
Ukukhetha isitshalo seqanda kwi-seedling
Inkqubo yesitshalo se-seedplant yesithintelo isabela ngokungalunganga nakuphi na ukunyakaza kunye nokulimala okungenani. Kubuyiselwa emva kokukhethwa, imbewu iya kufuna iintsuku ezingama-5-7, okufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa zikhetha ixesha lokuhlwayela imbewu. Ukutyunjwa kwezilwanyana ze-eggplant ekhaya kusetyenziswa kwisigaba samaqabunga 1-2. Ukuxiliswa kakuhle ngemini phambi kokuba izityalo zisuswe ngokucokisekileyo kwibhokisi lembewu enomthwalo wehlabathi kwaye idluliselwe kwiipateni ezahlukileyo. Umhlaba ojikelezileyo udibeneyo, uyancwina umsila kuma-cotyledons, unyuse kakuhle kwaye unamathele nge-peat.