Njengomthetho, ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane yabantwana abane-tubercle bacillus kwenzeka kwiminyaka yokuqala yobomi. Umzimba womntu onempilo uyayinqanda ukujoliswa kokusuleleka kwintsholongwane yomzimba.
Igama lesiLatini elithi "isifo sofuba" ekuguquleleni lithetha "i-hillock encinci", ngenxa yokuba isifo sesifo sofuba kubantwana nakubantu abadala zibonakalisa njengento ebonakalayo elukhumbeni. I-ejenti yokubangela isifo sofuba kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo yintonga kaKoch (i-bacillus ye-tubercle). Kubonakaliswe ukunganyaniseki kwimeko yangaphandle. Le bhaktiriya inokuqhubeka ixesha elide nakwi-sputum eyomileyo kunye nomhlaba. Uninzi lwe-disinfectants alisebenzeli. Indlela ephezulu yokusuleleka kwesi sifo yindlela yokuhambisa i-airlet. Kukho ithuba lokuthabatha intonga kaKoch kunye nemveliso equkethe i-pathogen, kwaye ngenxa yokudibanisa nezinto ezisezantsi apho i-bacillus ye-tubercle ihleli khona.
Iifom zesifo sofuba
Isifo sesifo sofuba sisifo esithathelwanayo esichaphazela amehlo, amathumbu, isikhumba, inkqubo ye-genitourinary kunye namathambo esifuba. Ifom ye-TB isifo sesifo sofuba esifumaneka kubantwana kwaye sinezinto ezikhethekileyo. Ngoko, esi sifo senziwa ngokukodwa kwifom ekhuni, sikhupha iingxaki. Oku kubangelwa ukungakwazi kwe-immune system yokuzikhusela komzimba ukulwa nokujoliswa kwesulelo. Iziganeko zesifo sofuba kubantwana ziquka izifo ezixhatshazelisayo: i-meningitis enegciwane kunye ne-sepsis, isifo sofuba se-miliyari, njl njl. Ukungaxhatshazwa kwabantwana abaselula banokukwazi ukufumana isifo kuphela kwimiphunga. Izinto ezinobunzima - ukungondleki, i-avitaminosis, ubuthathaka emzimbeni. Isifo sesifo sofuba kubantwana abancinci sineefom zilandelayo:
- cavernous;
- ukungena;
- jolise kunye nabanye.
Kukho iintlobo zesifo sofuba esisuka ngaphandle kwemiphunga. Ngoko, abantwana banesifo sofuba samathambo, iintso, i-lymph nodes, amajoyina, izitho zokugaya, amehlo kunye nesikhumba.
Esi sifo sibonakala ngefom evulekileyo nevaliweyo. Ngabantu abanomzimba ovulelekileyo wesifo sofuba obangelwa yingozi kwabanye abantu, ngoko kufuneka bahambisane nemithetho emininzi, ngokucoca ngokucocekileyo kunye nococeko.
Iimpawu kunye nokuxilongwa
Akulula ukubona ukubonakaliswa kwesifo sofuba kubantwana, ngenxa yokuba iimpawu azibonakali. Umntwana ngokukhawuleza amathayi, aphefumula ngaphezu kwexesha eliqhelekileyo, lugubhazela, iqondo lokushisa liyakhula. Isikhumba sinokucotha okanye sisomelele ngegazi kunye ne-sputum. Ngokuqhelekileyo iimpawu ezinjalo zibonwa ngabazali nje ngokuba zibandayo. Kodwa ukuba kuthatha iiveki ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu, ugqirha kufuneka uqhagamshelane ngaphandle kokulibala.
Esibhedlele, umntwana uya kuhlolisiswa, abuze malunga nobukho beentlungu, uvavanyo lwe-x-ray lwenziwe, uvavanyo lwe-sputum luhlalutyiwe kwaye uvavanyo lweMantoux lwenziwe. Ukuba ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswa, ngoko unyango lwe-TB luyabantwana ngokukhawuleza.
Unyango kunye nokuthintela
Kuphela isibhedlele kwaye uncedo olufanelekileyo kuphela! Akukho mbuzo wokuzicoca! Izindlela zamanje zokwelapha iziyobisi zisebenza kakuhle.
Inendima enkulu kwonyango inikwe ukugcinwa kwemigangatho yongcoceko: ukucoca rhoqo ngamanzi, ukuphuphuma umoya, ukutya okunomlinganiselo opheleleyo, ukungabikho komsebenzi owenziwe ngokweqile, ukuhlala kwindawo ezikude ukusuka kumaziko oshishino. Isifo sesifo sofuba esifumanekayo, sifunyenwe ngokukhawuleza, senziwa ngeendlela zokugqirha. Kwiqonga le-pleura, umoya uvutyiwe kwaye inxalenye yomphunga okanye inxalenye yonke isuswa.
Kukho iinkalo ezimbini zokukhusela kwesi sifo. Ukuba umntwana akagula, oko kukuthintela ukugonywa kwesifo sofuba kubantwana, esenziwa ngokusungulwa kwe-BCG. Ukuba umntwana uthintana nomntu onesifo sofuba, unqunywe i-isoniazid (5 milligrams kilogram yesisindo) kwiinyanga ezintandathu.