- Idilesi: i- Indian Creek, eBelize;
- Kwakhiwe: ukusuka kwi-5 ukuya kwe-8 leminyaka AD;
- Iiyure zokusebenza: yonke imihla ukususela ngo-8: 00 ukuya ku-17: 00.
EBelize, kukho isikhumbuzo esibalulekileyo sezinto zakudala esisele kwimpucuko ekhethekileyo yaseMeya - iNim-Li-Punit. Kwindawo yesithili saseToledo, engama-40 kumntla wesixeko sasePunta Gorda. Igama elivela kulwimi lwesiMaya liguqulelwe ngokuthi "inkulu enkulu". Oku kungenxa yenye yemifanekiso yesikrini sekhanda kwenye ye-stelae. Iimbono ezizodwa zembali zifunwa ngabakhenkethi bevela kumazwe amaninzi.
I-Nim-Li-Punit - inkcazo
Isixeko sakhula ngeli xesha ukusuka kwi-5 ukuya kwekhulu le-8, ngeli xesha libizwa ngokuba yi-classic. Inani labantu baseNim-Li-Puni babengu-5-7 abantu. Kuza kube ngoku, izakhiwo ezimbalwa kuphela ezishiye kwisixeko, eziqokelelwe ngeekwere ezintathu. Ukuphakama kwepramramide ephezulu yi-12.2 m. Kule ndawo, izazinzulu zathola i-stelae eneemifanekiso zabalawuli, ezinye zazo zazingagqitywanga.
Esi sixeko safumaniswa ngo-Matshi 1976, apho kuqhutywe khona ixesha lokucima. Uphando lwezinto zakudala luyaqhubeka nanamhla, ngenxa yokuziphatha kwabo, kwakunokwenzeka ukufumana ukumbelwa kwamakhosi. Ekubeni ukufunyanwa kwenzululwazi kwafunyanwa kuphela ngamaqabane ama-hieroglyphs, kunye neziqhekeza zabo. Nangona kunjalo, kwakunokwenzeka ukubonisa ukuba iNim-Li-Punit yayiyinhloko yombuso waseWakam. Ukuhamba kwakhe kwafika ngexesha lokugqibela, ukusuka ku-721 ukuya ku-830.
Izinto ezifunyenwe ngabadala be-archaeologists ngoku ziya kwenza ukuba kucace ngokucacileyo imbali yobukumkani. Kwizinto ezinokuhlala, "Inani le-7" liphuma ngaphandle, okutsho, ngokutsho kwezenzululwazi, kwakuyinkundla yasebukhosini. Kwakukuloo nto ingcwaba elalifunyanwa ngo-400 BC yafunyanwa. Kuyathakazelisa ukuba kwakukho iinqanawa ezininzi zeeramic, ezingahambelani nenkcubeko yamaMaya, kodwa zivela kwisixeko esikhulu saseTeotihuacan, esikuMbindi Mexico.
Ukuqhubela phambili ukucandwa, abavubukuli bafumana ithuna lesibini lexesha elizayo. Kwakukhona imihlobiso ye-jade esetyenziswe ngamaMaya kwiindawo zokuchitha igazi. Abanye babo baneempcazo, ngenxa yokuba izazinzulu zakwazi ukufunda ngokubanzi ngobomi babokumkani abaphulukileyo.
Ulwazi olubalulekileyo kubakhenkethi
Ukuze uzibonele ngokugqithiseleyo amanxuwa endolophu yakudala yaseNim-Li-Punita, umntu kufuneka akhwele phezulu kwentaba yemvelo. Khuphukela phezulu kwenduli ukuba ube kunye nomgwaqo ongcolileyo, ujikelezwe yimithi ende ende eneentende ze-chondovymi.
Kuyathakazelisa ukubona nokufotola i-square ye-Stela, apho iindawo ezingama-26 ze-archaeological sites. Zona zine ezilungileyo zibekwe ecaleni kwinqanaba leendwendwe. Ikhalenda yeenkwenkwezi yenziwa ngeStella Square. Ukuba ufika entabeni ye entshona yebala, ke amatye mathathu ahleli phambi kwentaba yasempuma iya kubonisa ukusa kweentsuku ze-equinox kunye ne-solstice. Enye ye-stelae ifinyelela kwi-11 m, kwaye enye iboniswa ngumbusi waseNdiya ngexesha lokoqobo.
Kodwa inzala enkulu kubakhenkethi ibonakala xa ityelela indawo esezantsi kwidolophu yasendulo. Nayi amathuna obukumkani, kubo abavubukuli baye bafumanisa izidumbu zabantu, imihlobiso, izitya zobumba kunye neminikelo.
Izikhokelo zengcali zixelela ngokucacileyo malunga nomzi wasendulo, umlando wayo nendlela abemi abashiye ngayo malunga ne-800 BC. Kuya kwinqanaba leendwendwe liyakwazi ukuqhubela phambili kwaye ngemoto-yokupaka apha iyafumaneka. Izibhengezo kunye neempahla ezifunyenwe ngexesha lokucubungula ziboniswe kumaziko amakhulu amakhulu. Apha, abakhenkethi bangafunda ngemikhwa, imasiko yamaMaya.
Ukongezelela kwixabiso layo lezinto zakudala, iNim-Li-Punit ithatha abavakhenkethi ngobuhle beendawo. Ngosuku olucacileyo, intaba inika umbono oqaqambileyo oLwandle lwaseCaribbean. Imithi ehlanjwe kakuhle ngamasebe athambileyo yenza indawo ibe yinto ephambili yepikiniki. Abakhenkethi bancedwa ukuba bahambe ngeendlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo: empuma, eningizimu nasentshonalanga. Indlela nganye idlula izakhiwo ezithakazelisayo, imihlaba enhle.
Ndingafika njani?
I-Nym-Li-Punit itholakala ngeekhilomitha ezingama-5 kumntla weendlela ezisemzantsi, ehlala iqhutywa yiibhasi ezivela kwiidolophu ezikufuphi. Ukuqhelaniswa kwabafundi abahamba ngeyona ndawo yimizana yaseNdiya kunye neGold Creek, isixeko sasendulo siseduze nabo.